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Chapter 6: Biology in the Present

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Biological Anthropology Quiz on Chapter 6: Biology in the Present, created by heather kuebler on 16/11/2019.
heather kuebler
Quiz by heather kuebler, updated more than 1 year ago
heather kuebler
Created by heather kuebler about 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
The dental pattern of Old World higher primates is
Answer
  • 2/1/2/3
  • 2/1/3/3.
  • 2/2/2/3.
  • 2/2/3/3.

Question 2

Question
Relative to body size, primate brain size is
Answer
  • proportional to human brain size
  • more or less the same in large and small primates.
  • smaller than in other large mammals.
  • larger among great apes than among other primates.

Question 3

Question
The Linnaean suborder prosimians includes
Answer
  • only nocturnal species
  • only diurnal species.
  • diurnal and nocturnal galagos.
  • diurnal and nocturnal lemurs.

Question 4

Question
In class, your professor shows you an MRI scan of a primate brain. The professor points out the relatively large size of the olfactory bulb beneath the frontal lobe. This suggests to you that this
Answer
  • primate exhibits a derived trait for an enhanced sense of smell, since this trait is not commonly observed in mammal species
  • is a species of anthropoid because it has an increased reliance on vision.
  • primate must be a species of Strepsirhini, as that suborder of primates relies heavily on the sense of smell for many aspects of daily life.
  • species is nocturnal.

Question 5

Question
The rhinarium is present in
Answer
  • baboons.
  • gorillas.
  • ring-tail lemurs.
  • howler monkeys.

Question 6

Question
The Y-5 molar morphology is present in
Answer
  • colobus monkeys.
  • chimpanzees.
  • lemurs.
  • howler monkeys.

Question 7

Question
Colobine primates
Answer
  • are mostly frugivorous.
  • are usually terrestrial.
  • have specialized digestive anatomy for eating leaves.
  • are referred to as “cheek pouch” monkeys.

Question 8

Question
While at the zoo you see an exhibit with a small group of primates and notice they have wet, snout-like noses. This indicates a species of
Answer
  • prosimian, because they retain the rhinarium not found in other mammal species.
  • anthropoid primate, because they retain the rhinarium commonly found in other mammal species.
  • platyrrhine primate, because their nostrils do not point downward.
  • strepsirhine, because they retain a rhinarium.

Question 9

Question
Anthropoids include
Answer
  • monkeys and apes, including humans.
  • African and Asian apes only.
  • tarsiers, monkeys, and apes only.
  • lemurs, lorises, galagos, and tarsiers.

Question 10

Question
Dietary plasticity in primates refers to
Answer
  • eating a wide variety of foods.
  • lack of diversity of diets over time.
  • diets composed of a variety of red meats.
  • diets composed of a variety of fruits.

Question 11

Question
Which is not an arboreal adaptation shared by most primates?
Answer
  • mobile joints connecting bones of the shoulders, limbs, hands, and feet
  • an opposable thumb and often an opposable big toe
  • dermal ridges and flat nails on fingertips
  • rigidly connected, identical vertebrae in the backbone

Question 12

Question
which evolutionary adaptation provides primates with depth perception?
Answer
  • forward-facing eyes
  • color vision
  • loss of the rhinarium
  • smaller olfactory bulb

Question 13

Question
__________________ retain more primitive characteristics than other primates, such as a partially enclosed eye orbit
Answer
  • Strepsirhines
  • Haplorhines
  • Platyrrhines
  • Catarrhines

Question 14

Question
________________ have a dental formula of 2/1/2/3 and hook-shaped nostrils
Answer
  • Atelids
  • Catarrhines
  • Cebids
  • Platyrrhines

Question 15

Question
Which feature is shared by both apes and Old World Monkeys?
Answer
  • long tail
  • lower molar morphology
  • canine-premolar honing complex
  • large bodies and brains

Question 16

Question
The pelvis and gluteal muscles in apes and humans are
Answer
  • almost identical, even though the two groups of primates locomote in entirely different ways.
  • different in their shape and size so that the difference between quadrupedal and bipedal locomotion can be distinguished.
  • almost identical, since the two types of primates both move around quadrupedally and bipedally, as needed.
  • the same except for the size of the gluteal maximus, which is largest in the nonhuman ape.

Question 17

Question
Among all primates, humans have the
Answer
  • largest body relative to other animals.
  • greatest level of biological adaptability.
  • largest body size.
  • largest brain relative to body size.

Question 18

Question
The increased brain size observed in the order Primates
Answer
  • results in extended periods of nursing and development to accommodate increasing behavioral complexity.
  • results in shorter developmental periods to accommodate the necessary energy expenditures of larger brain size.
  • demonstrates the importance of intelligence in primate evolution.
  • demonstrates the importance of intelligence in primate evolution AND results in extended periods of nursing and development to accommodate increasing behavioral complexity.

Question 19

Question
Anthropoids include
Answer
  • monkeys and apes, including humans.
  • African and Asian apes only.
  • tarsiers, monkeys, and apes only.
  • lemurs, lorises, galagos, and tarsiers.

Question 20

Question
Modern primates are characterized by arboreal adaptations, including
Answer
  • opposable thumbs.
  • a precision grip.
  • short digits.
  • an expanded reliance on sense of smell.

Question 21

Question
Preadaptation is
Answer
  • the series of apparent adaptations that are never actually used.
  • the use of an anatomical feature in a way unrelated to the feature’s original function.
  • an anatomical feature used in the manner for which it was originally selected.
  • a phenomenon that occurs before natural selection can occur.

Question 22

Question
Primate females
Answer
  • invest less in their offspring than do many other mammals.
  • give birth to more offspring than do most other mammals.
  • give birth to fewer offspring than do many other mammals.
  • give birth to twins regularly.

Question 23

Question
Which of the following lists is a good characterization of primates?
Answer
  • Primates have impressive, built-in behaviors but are poor learners and require a very specific diet to survive.
  • Primates have a shorter life span than other mammals of their size, are intelligent, and almost all eat the same diet.
  • Primates are intelligent, are long lived, have diverse diets, and exhibit complex social behavior.
  • Primates are intelligent, are long lived, have very narrow dietary requirements, and exhibit diverse social behaviors.
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