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MCB Midterm Summary

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Quiz on MCB Midterm Summary, created by Chau Tran on 03/12/2019.
Chau Tran
Quiz by Chau Tran, updated more than 1 year ago
Chau Tran
Created by Chau Tran about 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
A/an _____________ vector quantifies the expression of a gene to measure the activity of regulatory elements.
Answer
  • Reporter
  • Expression
  • Cloning

Question 2

Question
An expression vector is used to _________.
Answer
  • Study the effect of overexpression of a gene on cell functions
  • Measure activities of regulatory sequences
  • Quantify the expression of a gene downstream of the regulatory sequence of interest
  • Amplify and isolate the product of a gene

Question 3

Question
Which of the following is NOT an essential component of a plasmid?
Answer
  • Ori
  • Antibiotic resistance gene
  • Multiple cloning site
  • lac operon

Question 4

Question
What would not be found in a eukaryotic expression vector?
Answer
  • Bacterial Ori
  • Ampicillin selectable marker
  • Eukaryotic promoter
  • MCS
  • PolyA signal
  • Neomycin - eukaryotic selectable marker
  • Transfection factor
  • luciferase gene

Question 5

Question
The expression of the _______ gene is quantified to study the activity of a regulatory sequence. In which type of vector would you find this gene?
Answer
  • luciferase - expression vector
  • luciferase - reporter vector
  • lacZ - expression vector
  • lacZ - reporter vector

Question 6

Question
Which is NOT involved in the construction of cDNA libraries?
Answer
  • reverse transcriptase
  • oligo dT primer
  • ribonuclease H
  • DNA polymerase
  • DNA ligase

Question 7

Question
What is the role of ribonuclease H in the synthesis of cDNA?
Answer
  • Degrade the mRNA template
  • Synthesize the mRNA template
  • LIgate the 2 strands of newly-synthesized DNA
  • Synthesize the first strand of cDNA from mRNA template

Question 8

Question
Which type of vector is pBluescript?
Answer
  • Expression because it tests for the expression of lacZ gene
  • Cloning because it is used to isolate DNA sequences with a built-in mechanism to select for recombinant plasmids
  • Reporter because it quantifies lacZ expression

Question 9

Question
Which outcome indicates that a colony on the pBluescript agar contains the recombinant plasmid?
Answer
  • Colony is blue
  • Colony is white
  • There is a clearing zone around the colony

Question 10

Question
Which is NOT true about enhancers sequences?
Answer
  • Always located upstream of a gene
  • Function in both 5'-3' and 3'-5' directions
  • Influence expression of genes that are physically distant from the enhancer
  • Function is not affected if location is moved

Question 11

Question
Which of the following are DNA binding motifs?
Answer
  • Helix-turn-helix
  • Zinc finger
  • Leucine zipper
  • Helix-loop-helix

Question 12

Question
_______ hormones bind hormone response elements (HRE) in the nucleus to upregulate target genes.
Answer
  • Steroid
  • Peptide

Question 13

Question
Epigenetics (changes in chromatin structure) is heritable and irreversible.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
Position-effect variegation is the change in gene expression caused by the translocation of genes between heterochromatin and euchromatin regions.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
Which does NOT result from histone acetyltransferases (HATs) activity?
Answer
  • Loosening of DNA packaging
  • Decreased gene expression
  • Easier transcriptional factor binding
  • More open chromatin

Question 16

Question
Which would lead to a decrease in gene expression?
Answer
  • HAT
  • HDAC
  • DNA methyltransferases
  • SWI/SNF

Question 17

Question
What is the difference in dosage compensation of Drosophila and C. elegans?
Answer
  • Drosophila: hyperactivation of male X; C. elegans: hypoactivations of both female X'es
  • Drosophila: hypoactivations of both female X'es; C. elegans: hyperactivation of male X
  • Drosophila: inactivation of a female X; C. elegans: hyperactivation of male X
  • Drosophila: hyperactivation of male X; C. elegans: inactivation of a female X

Question 18

Question
Imprinted gene is the inheritance of parental acetylation pattern.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Which does NOT result in increased mRNA stability?
Answer
  • elF4E
  • PABPI
  • Deadenylase
  • Long poly-A tail

Question 20

Question
______ removes the hairpin loop of the Pre-miRNA to form ds siRNA.
Answer
  • Drosha
  • Dicer
  • Exp5
  • Ago2

Question 21

Question
G1/S checkpoint is controlled by [blank_start]Rb[blank_end]. DNA damage checkpoint is controlled by [blank_start]p53[blank_end].
Answer
  • Rb
  • p53
  • p21
  • Ras

Question 22

Question
Which is NOT correct regarding cell cycle control?
Answer
  • Phosphorylation of Rb leads to growth factor independent G1/S progression.
  • A loss-of-function mutation in the p53 gene leads to a rapid accumulation of pro-cancer mutations.
  • Cyclin D is an inhibitor of Rb, which in turns is an inhibitor of E2F.
  • p53 upregulates BAX which activates the extrinsic apoptotic pathway.

Question 23

Question
The p53 gene is mutated in >50% cancers.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
Which gene is the most closely-associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia?
Answer
  • bcr-abl
  • c-myc
  • Ras
  • HER2

Question 25

Question
In Burkitt's lymphoma, ______ gene is translocated to a region controlled by a strong enhancer.
Answer
  • c-myc
  • bcr-abl
  • HER2
  • Ras

Question 26

Question
Which does NOT result in growth factor independent G1/S transition?
Answer
  • Hyperphosphorylated Rb
  • Loss-of-function mutation of Rb
  • Mutation in E2F which prevents Rb binding
  • Low levels of cyclin D leading up to DNA duplication

Question 27

Question
Which of the following cellular properties is the LEAST likely to cause cancer?
Answer
  • Mutations in signalling proteins and receptors
  • Insensitive to anti-growth signals
  • Overexpression of pro-apoptotic proteins
  • Overexpression of telomerase
  • Upregulation of VEGF
  • Ability to metastasize and invade other tissues

Question 28

Question
[blank_start]Ras[blank_end] hyperactivation results from a point mutation to Valine and GTP-independent activity. [blank_start]bcr-abl[blank_end] fusion protein is closely associated with chronic myelogenous leukaemia. [blank_start]HER2[blank_end] is an epidermal growth factor receptor, whose oncogenic properties arises from gene amplification. In Burkitt's lymphoma, [blank_start]c-myc[blank_end] gene is translocated to a region controlled by a strong enhancer. It is also amplified in childhood neuroblastomas.
Answer
  • Ras
  • bcr-abl
  • HER2
  • c-myc
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