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[blank_start](Cambridge)[blank_end] detailed/precise study to discover new information to reach new understanding
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comes from the word [blank_start]recerche[blank_end] ([blank_start]french[blank_end]) meaning to travel thru/to survey
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([blank_start]webster[blank_end]) - systematic patient study/investigation in fields of knowledge, to discover/establish facts/principles
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([blank_start]calderon&gonzales[blank_end]) - systematic process of gathering data for the preservation of human life
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[blank_start]Howard Gardner[blank_end]
- best known for his theory of multiple intelligence
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Uses and Purposes ([blank_start]Dela Cruz[blank_end])
1. [blank_start]to develop[blank_end]/produce new knowledge
2. [blank_start]adresses an issue/concern[blank_end] and provides an answer
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Purpose (in a capsule)
- to [blank_start]discover[blank_end] - find truth which is not yet part of the stream of knowledge
- to [blank_start]verify[blank_end]
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Quantitative uses what, how, and does
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[blank_start]Quantitative[blank_end] research
- conveys numerical data
- uses graphs, groups, variables, scales to present data
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Qualitative Research ([blank_start]Denzin and Lincoln[blank_end])
- studies things in their [blank_start]natural setting[blank_end] (observed as it is)
- attempts to [blank_start]make sense of/interpret phenomena[blank_end]
Question 11
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characteristics of quantitative
1. gathered using more [blank_start]structured instrument[blank_end]
2. based on [blank_start]larger sample sizes[blank_end] that are representative of the population
3. can usually be [blank_start]replicated or repeated[blank_end], give its high reliability
- repeat studies to test if it still applies today
- change the population tho
4. has [blank_start]clearly defined research question[blank_end] to which objective answers are sought
- research titles can be changed cus it's not definite until the study is done
5. [blank_start]aspects are carefully designed[blank_end] before the data are collected
6. data are in the form of [blank_start]numbers and statistics[blank_end]
7. can be used to [blank_start]generalize[blank_end] concepts more widely, [blank_start]predict[blank_end] future results, or [blank_start]investifate[blank_end] causal relationship
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[blank_start]variables[blank_end] - can take different values for different subjects
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types of variables:
- according to [blank_start]values[blank_end]
- according to [blank_start]scale of measurement[blank_end]
- according to [blank_start]relationship[blank_end]
Answer
-
values
-
scale of measurement
-
relationship
Question 14
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according to values:
- [blank_start]qualitative/categorical[blank_end]
- [blank_start]quantitative/continuous[blank_end]
Answer
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qualitative/categorical
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quantitative/continuous
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> according to scale of measurement
- [blank_start]nominal[blank_end]
- [blank_start]ordinal[blank_end]
- [blank_start]interval[blank_end]
- [blank_start]ratio[blank_end]
Answer
-
nominal
-
ordinal
-
interval
-
ratio
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according to relationship
- [blank_start]independent[blank_end] variable
- [blank_start]dependent[blank_end] variable
- [blank_start]intervening[blank_end] variable
Answer
-
independent
-
dependent
-
intervening
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manipulated, causes change to another variables
Answer
-
independent variable
-
dependent variable
-
intervening variable
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are the ones affected
Answer
-
independent variable
-
dependent variable
-
intervening variable
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test or control variables that either increase/decrease
Answer
-
intervening variable
-
independent variable
-
dependent variable
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qualitative has a hypotheses
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the instrument in qualitative data are surveys and questionnaires
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[blank_start]qualitative[blank_end] - descriptive data based on observations
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[blank_start]BASIC RESEARCH[blank_end]
- Desire to expand knowledge
- Curiosity Driven
- Intend to answer why, what, how questions
- Increase understanding of fundamental principles
- Does not have immediate commercial objectives
- It may not necessarily result in an invention or a solution to a particular problem
Question 24
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[blank_start]APPLIED RESEARCH[blank_end]
- New knowledge acquired has specific commercial objectives: products, procedures or services.
- Answer specific questions aimed at problem solving practical problems