DVM2110 FINAL EXAM REVIEW

Description

Human Rights-based approach to Health
camillebsoleil
Quiz by camillebsoleil, updated more than 1 year ago
camillebsoleil
Created by camillebsoleil over 9 years ago
26
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
What is the idea of unconditionnal positive regard?
Answer
  • Incorporation of human rights in the legislation of many countries
  • The right to choose how to act
  • Human rights are applicable to everyone (even the really bad people have rights (like No to torture regardless of what they’ve done)
  • We should talk way more about the QUALITY of education (rather than only the access)

Question 2

Question
In the Universal Declaration of Human rights, which Article is related to health?
Answer
  • #10
  • #25
  • #50
  • #2

Question 3

Question
What underlines best the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights AND Human Right to Health
Answer
  • There is a states obligation to ensure a certain degree of health to all people
  • The need to establish platerforms where people can advocate or themselves regarding
  • We should target vulnerable people
  • We need to help people to claim their health related rights (a lot of people are not familiar about what their right are)

Question 4

Question
What is the Human Agency view of health?
Answer
  • Incorporation of human rights in the legislation of many countries
  • In developping countries the gap in life expectancy btw men and women is generally smaller
  • People’s capacity and freedom to live a life they see as meaningful requires (They can chose how to act and access adequate conditions and material resources).
  • Making sure that people have access to the best technology, information, etc.

Question 5

Question
In achieving the right to health, what is the most desirable between progressive realization and immediate realization? and why?
Answer
  • Progressive realization because it reduces the fees and makes the process more inclusive
  • Immediate realization because the needs are urgent, they need to be address immediately and the right to health involves that we need to stop the suffering before everything else
  • Immediate realization because delays will worsen things and it will be harder to address in the long run
  • Progressive realization because it helps people maintain their help over time ; it thus encourages government to invest in health care system, etc

Question 6

Question
What best relate to the concept of "duty-bearers" ?
Answer
  • The need to help people to claim their health related rights (a lot of people are not familiar about what their right are)
  • Focus on quality, equality and not discrimation, accountability, etc.
  • Favour a market-oriented approach of the health sector which aims to reduce public sector expenditures
  • Strenghtening governments leadership and accountibility when it comes to health

Question 7

Question
What are the 4 pillars of the Right to Health?
Answer
  • Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability, Quantity
  • Affordability, Accommodating, Inclusive, Universal
  • Adequacy, Availability, Acceptability, Quality
  • Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability, Quality

Question 8

Question
What are the determinants of the human right-based approach ?
Answer
  • Accessibility, Quality, Availability, Acceptability
  • Accessibility, Quantity, Availability, Affordability
  • Adequacy, Quality, Affordability, Acceptability
  • Universality, Quality, Availability, Acceptability

Question 9

Question
Acceptability most refers to...
Answer
  • Care should be available in sufficient quantity, should provide a range of services and be in a reasonnable distance
  • Making sure that people have access to the best technology, information
  • Figure out the person and context and etc and make a treatment appropriate ( Sensitive care that can be incorporate in their to day life considering their cultural manners, etc.)
  • The health care system should not discriminate people, (user fees, etc.)

Question 10

Question
Access to information; people's participation in making decision about their health, establishment of platforms where people can advocate or themselves regarding their needs, the interventions that are useful to them, etc. Focus significantly on high-risk and vulnerable groups of people Which approach highlights those priorities?
Answer
  • State-centered approach
  • Human-right based capicaity development
  • U.N view on health approach
  • Universal people empowerment approach

Question 11

Question
With the globalization, the health gap between the worst & best off groups is...
Answer
  • Growing
  • Decreasing
  • Stable
  • We don't care!

Question 12

Question
Which statement is wrong about the impact of globalization?
Answer
  • It weakens the health systems and access to health in high income countries
  • It favours a market-oriented approach of the health sector which aims to reduce public sector expenditures
  • Impacts poverty and the labour force
  • Growing public debt impacts health care

Question 13

Question
What are the key functions of a National Health Information System?
Answer
  • Strengthening governments leadership and accountibility when it comes to health, encourages pubic expenditure, favours investment in education
  • Promoting Universal Coverage, gender equality, fair access to health care
  • Ensure availability, accessibility, acceptability, quality in the health system
  • Data generation, compilation, analysis and synthesis, and communication and use

Question 14

Question
What are the 3 types of State obligation (regarding the right to health) ?
Answer
  • Respect, Protect, Promote
  • Respect, Protect, Fulfil
  • Invest, Promote, Fulfil
  • Progressive realization, Universality, Affordability

Question 15

Question
Ensuring that private companies provide safe conditions for their employees is an example of which state obligation?
Answer
  • Respect
  • Protect
  • Fulfil
  • Administrate

Question 16

Question
What are the steps for conducting an analysis for a Human Rights-Based Approach to health?
Answer
  • Assessment, Causal analysis, accountability of the environment, geographical situation
  • Assessment of the individual, assessment of the environment, solutions
  • Assessment, causal/analysis, Role/responsibility analysis, capacity analysis, implementation
  • Promotion, Assessment, causal/analysis, Role/responsibility analysis, capacity analysis, Investment

Question 17

Question
Check all the statements that highlights the skepticism about the human right to health
Answer
  • Progress has not been encouraging, and the concept of “human right to health” itself is problematic
  • Unclear who bears the duty to ensure the right to health
  • Single-issue advocacy may be damaging to health systems
  • Promoting Universal Coverage creates tension
  • Growing public debt impacts health care
  • Complicated by the “right to life” vs. “right to die” debates, and “human right to health” action and lawsuits

Question 18

Question
Cost-effectivness cannot be the primary driver of health ressources allocation in a rights-based approach
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Uniform fees are consider equals (in the human right based approach)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
What proportion of primary school-age children are out of school?
Answer
  • Around 25%
  • Less than 5%
  • 50%
  • 9%

Question 21

Question
What is the net enrolment rate ? (education indicator)
Answer
  • All the children that are actually enrolled in primary school
  • Children in primary school within the age range
  • Ratio of girls to boys enrolled in primary school
  • Seriously, you should know that

Question 22

Question
Since 2012, the progress in education (enrolment wise) have...
Answer
  • Stalled
  • Progress
  • regress
  • We have no data

Question 23

Question
Where do we observe the lowest rate of school participation?
Answer
  • Asia
  • Middle East
  • Latin America
  • Western and Central Africa and South Asia

Question 24

Question
What are the main factors that prevent school participation?
Answer
  • Gender, poverty, malnutrition
  • Transport, gouvernement policies, low quality education
  • Violence, slum areas, child labour
  • Gendre, rural areas and conflict zones

Question 25

Question
The gender gap in education is DECLINING in developed countries
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
What proportion of children entering primary school in developing is likely to drop out?
Answer
  • More than 1/4
  • 1/2
  • 1/10
  • The completion rate are actually high

Question 27

Question
What proportion of the 58 millions out-of-school children of primary school age live in conflict affected areas?
Answer
  • 1/4
  • 1/10
  • 1/2
  • 4/5

Question 28

Question
Out of the 58 millions out of school children, what is the proportion of girls? (2012)
Answer
  • 50% (half)
  • 53% (more than half)
  • 25%
  • If you don't know that, please be one of them and drop ASAP !

Question 29

Question
What agency is the leader in the Education for All movement?
Answer
  • Banque Mondiale
  • WHO
  • UNICEF
  • UNESCO

Question 30

Question
Universal BASIC education best refers to...
Answer
  • broader in scope, includes a full range of education activities that can happen in formal and informal settings giving people basic learning needs
  • Elementary education, and al children (boys girls from all age) learning literacy, mathematics, etc.
  • There is no such a thing my friend
  • Synonym of primary education

Question 31

Question
What are the 3 focuses of the Human Rights-Based Approach to Education ?
Answer
  • Right to access to education, right to quality education and right to respect in the learning environment
  • Right to access to education, right to free education and right to private education
  • Right to access, right to secondary education and right to safe transport to the learning environment
  • I'm tired, I don't want to be educated anymore.

Question 32

Question
Equality of opportunity falls under which pillar Human Rights-Based Approach to Education ?
Answer
  • Right to access to education
  • Right to quality education
  • Right to respect in the learning environment
  • Universal primary school education for all

Question 33

Question
Uniform, transportation, field trips, school supplies, food, etc. engenders....
Answer
  • Public expenditures
  • Discrimination
  • bigger gender gap
  • Out of pocket expenses

Question 34

Question
Private primary education have...
Answer
  • stalled
  • decreased
  • increased
  • It doesn't exist...

Question 35

Question
How do we define absolute poverty?
Answer
  • Severe deprivation of the basic material necessities of life, including access to services
  • When people are able to meet basic needs, but only just
  • Being much poorer than most people in a given society
  • You will end up poor if you can't answer this

Question 36

Question
"The minimum level of income deemed necessary to achieve an adequate standard of living” is the definition of...
Answer
  • Human Development Index (HDI)
  • Financial poverty indicator
  • Low-income cut-off
  • Povertyr Line / Threshold

Question 37

Question
How many people live in extreme poverty (less than 1$/day) ?
Answer
  • 2 billion
  • 1.2 billion
  • 1.2 million
  • 1.5 billion

Question 38

Question
The HDI is based on...
Answer
  • Health (Infection disease prevalence), Education attainment (adult literacy), level of consumption
  • Life expectancy at birth, Education attainment (adult literacy), GDP per capita (PPP to buy commodities for meeting basic needs)
  • Shelter situation, Education attainment (adult literacy), GDP per capita
  • Number of people living under the poverty line

Question 39

Question
What is the most used measure of poverty in Canada?
Answer
  • The poverty threshold
  • The Low-Income Cut-Off
  • The Low-Income measure
  • The Market-Based measure

Question 40

Question
What is the low-income measure?
Answer
  • Low income, as being much worst off than the average, calculated at one-half of the median income of an equivalent household.
  • Income level at which a family may be in straitened circumstances because it has to spend a greater proportion of its income on necessities than the average family of similar size.
  • Amount of income needed by a housed to meet its needs, not just in bare subsistence terms, but also in terms of what's need to approach a creditable community norms.
  • No money sorry

Question 41

Question
What are the five countries sharing most of the burden of extreme poverty?
Answer
  • India, China, Nigeria, Palestine, Congo
  • China, India, Somalia, Bangladesh, Congo
  • India, China, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Congo
  • India, Haiti, China, Congo, Angola

Question 42

Question
Men deal more with vulnerable employment that women
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
The global productivity has increased in the last years
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 44

Question
Aid in education has declined in middle-income countries?
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 45

Question
Check the characteristics of the PRSP
Answer
  • Result oriented
  • People centred
  • Cost-effectivness
  • Country-driven
  • comprehensive
  • short-term oriented
  • Long-term oriented
  • Partnership orientd

Question 46

Question
Globally, what proportion of children under the age of 5 are underweight?
Answer
  • 1/10
  • 1/4
  • 1/7
  • 1/3

Question 47

Question
Representation of women on the job market is an exemple of gender equity and gender equality?
Answer
  • Gender equity
  • Gender equality

Question 48

Question
What terms describe the absence of discrimination on the basis of a person’s sex in opportunities, allocation of resources or benefits, and access to services.”
Answer
  • Gender equity
  • Gender equality
  • Fairness of opportunity
  • Sexism

Question 49

Question
Men tend to report their health poorer than women
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
Women are a larger portion of the extremely poors
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 51

Question
Check all the statements applying to women
Answer
  • More likely to engage in preventative activies, open about their health, and they are more on medication.
  • More engage in occupations that are consider high risk
  • More likely to die in conflict
  • Biologically superior
  • More likely to abuse alccool , smoking, drugs, etc
  • More likely to consume high fat diets
  • More likely to experience stress which they don’t talk about
  • More likely to die from suicide
  • More likely to attempt suicide

Question 52

Question
In developed country the gap in life expectancy btw men and women is generally smaller
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
Who is more likely to be diagnosed with mental illness?
Answer
  • Women
  • Men

Question 54

Question
Which disease is more likely to affect women than men?
Answer
  • Heart disease
  • Respiratory diseases
  • Cancer
  • Diabetes

Question 55

Question
What can explain the decline in the mortality rate around the world?
Answer
  • Abortion
  • Better pregnancy care
  • The decrease in malnutrition
  • Effective birth control

Question 56

Question
How many women die annually in childbirth?
Answer
  • 1 million
  • 1/2 million
  • 100 000
  • 1 out of 5

Question 57

Question
What proportion of women around the globe has experienced sexual and other abuse in her lifetime?
Answer
  • 1/3
  • 1/2
  • 1/4
  • 2/3

Question 58

Question
What proportion of countries have reached gender parity in primary education?
Answer
  • 1/2
  • Less than 1/2
  • More than 1/3
  • 4/5

Question 59

Question
Where in the world are gender disparities persisting?
Answer
  • Africa
  • Middle East
  • Latin America
  • South Asia
  • Everywhere

Question 60

Question
Sex-selective abortion refers to which phase of the life-course perpective on violence against women?
Answer
  • Prenatal
  • Infancy
  • Childhood
  • Adolescence
  • Reproductive
  • Old age

Question 61

Question
Honour killings refer to which phase of the life-course perpective on violence against women?
Answer
  • Prenatal
  • Infancy
  • Adolescence
  • Childhood
  • Reproductive
  • Old age

Question 62

Question
Genital mutilation refers to which phase of the life-course perpective on violence against women?
Answer
  • Prenatal
  • Infancy
  • Childhood
  • adolescence
  • Reproductive
  • Old age

Question 63

Question
Female infanticide: intentional killing of a child under the age of 5 year (often a baby girl) due to the “lower” status associated with the birth of females and a preference for male babies;
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 64

Question
Where in the world are sex-selective abortions the most common?
Answer
  • China
  • Japan
  • Sub-saharan Africa
  • Russia
  • India

Question 65

Question
Education is a human right
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 66

Question
What is specially good about girl's education (that does not apply to boys)
Answer
  • It empowers them
  • It has an inter-generational effect
  • good for the economy

Question 67

Question
Male-female enrolment gaps are getting smaller (from 6% to 2%)
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 68

Question
What is the tendance rate of disability?
Answer
  • increasing
  • decreasing
  • stable
  • decreasing in richer regions of the world

Question 69

Question
What does the notion of romanticizing disability refer to?
Answer
  • Media show people with disabilities who achieve great things (and the average disabled get forgotten)
  • Media show people with disabilities who get married
  • We have to make the environment as user-friendly as possible for disabled people
  • Appealing to emotions to tempt donations

Question 70

Question
Check all the conditions falling under the notion of disability
Answer
  • Mental issue
  • impairment (miss a leg)
  • Blind
  • Learning deficit

Question 71

Question
What is impairment?
Answer
  • Loss or lack of a body part
  • Physical abnormality
  • Loss or abnormality in the body (psychological, physical or physiological)
  • Psychological disability

Question 72

Question
The idea that people with disabilities often require more resources to achieve the same outcomes as non-disabled people refers to...
Answer
  • Conversion Handicap
  • Universal design
  • Societal level
  • Need a coffee

Question 73

Question
What proportion of people disability (out of the billion worldwide) live in developing countries?
Answer
  • 15%
  • 50%
  • 80%
  • 25%

Question 74

Question
Why is the prevalence of disability increasing?
Answer
  • Improved diagnosis
  • Medical advancement (we live older and survive more but it comes with a cost)
  • Lack of pregnancy care
  • Lack of healthcare
  • Genetic transmission
  • Aging population

Question 75

Question
What is the notion of decolonizing disability? (check all those that applies)
Answer
  • Dominance of the Global North in writing about and universalizing disability
  • The production of “impaired people” or persons continue as a result of the power/control of the Global North (EX. DRUG DUMPING' SWEATSHOPS' etc.)
  • Most of disabled people live in developing countries (80%)
  • Universal design is required to give access to services to disabled people

Question 76

Question
Developing countries report a higher disability rate
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 77

Question
There are different degrees of disabilities. What is the average prevalence rate of disability for adults with very significant difficulties?
Answer
  • Around 15%
  • Around 2%
  • Around 5%
  • Around 10%

Question 78

Question
What is the rate of disability in Canada
Answer
  • 13.7%
  • 21.6%
  • 11%
  • 7.7%

Question 79

Question
Which MDG first explicitly mentioned disability (2010) ?
Answer
  • #8 (global partnership and development)
  • #2 (achieve universal primary education)
  • #1 (eradicate poverty and hunger)
  • It has never been explicitly mentioned

Question 80

Question
What are the 3 most prevalent disability
Answer
  • Depression
  • Chronic (ex. asthma)
  • Pain
  • Impairment
  • Mobility
  • Flexibility

Question 81

Question
What is the main aim of the IFC (international classification of functioning disability and Health) ?
Answer
  • It provides a standard language and framework for describing/understanding disabilities (+ health, health related states, health outcomes, and determinants of health)
  • It gave and an umbrella term for impairments (of body structures and functions), activity limitations, or participation restrictions.
  • It is a statical report on the state of disability globally
  • It is related to education

Question 82

Question
What is the umbrella term for body structures and functions, activities, and participation?
Answer
  • Disability
  • Handicap
  • Activity participation level
  • Functioning

Question 83

Question
What model presents Disability viewed as an illness, impairment or a medical problem
Answer
  • Biopsychosocial Model
  • Medical model
  • Social Model
  • Sociological Model

Question 84

Question
Which model is diagnosis and treatment focus?
Answer
  • Medical model
  • Social model
  • Biopsychosocial model
  • They all are

Question 85

Question
The medical model is disempowering
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 86

Question
Which model aims to modify the environment to make it more inclusive and accommodating?
Answer
  • Ecological
  • Philanthropic/Charitable
  • Social
  • Sociological

Question 87

Question
Which model of disability favours decentralization (home rather than hospital)
Answer
  • Medical
  • Social
  • charitable
  • ecological

Question 88

Question
Which model presents the most holistic view
Answer
  • sociological
  • biopsychosocial
  • social
  • Ecological

Question 89

Question
Which models states this : Disability reflects the interaction between the person and societal attitudes/behaviours and the physical, economic and political environments that hinder the equal participation of persons with disability?
Answer
  • Economics
  • Social
  • sociological
  • Ecological

Question 90

Question
The pilantropic model...
Answer
  • presents disability viewed as a tragedy.
  • Emphasizes the interaction between the environment and the person with disability.
  • aim to restore equality in employment, education, and business for those who suffer from discrimination
  • Highlights the role of society, especially the social environment, and the broader environment in the disabling process.

Question 91

Question
Which model presents disability viewed as a deviation from accepted social norms about appearance and function
Answer
  • Ecological
  • Charitable
  • Economic
  • Sociological

Question 92

Question
In the IEP, according a student extra time for a test would be consider as...
Answer
  • An accommodation
  • A modification
  • An alternative
  • It would not be part of the IEP

Question 93

Question
In the IEP, teaching a student how to read brail would be consider as...
Answer
  • Accomodation
  • Modification
  • Alternative

Question 94

Question
In the IEP, according the charge of work for a student would be consider as...
Answer
  • Accomodation
  • Modification
  • Alternative

Question 95

Question
About how many students in Ontario require an IEP ?
Answer
  • 100 000
  • 1000
  • 30 000
  • 300 000

Question 96

Question
In the right-based approach to disability, The Canada’s Charter of Rights and Freedoms would fall under which aspect
Answer
  • Constitutional guarantees of equality
  • Antidiscrimination legislation
  • Specific entitlement programs and social safety nets
  • Voluntary social/public commitment and involvement

Question 97

Question
Check the 3 characteristics of community
Answer
  • Location/geographical proximity
  • Common ties
  • Common ethnicity
  • Shared language
  • Social interactions
  • Self-sufficient

Question 98

Question
What are the factors that impact the sense of community
Answer
  • Frequent delocation
  • Governement policies
  • Division in politics
  • Difference in culture, religion, language
  • Changing demographie (ex. aging pop)
  • Imperialism/ colonialism
  • Conflict

Question 99

Question
What is the main aim of community development?
Answer
  • Strengthening the sense of community
  • Self-sufficiency for the community
  • Immediate aid
  • Equality among the community

Question 100

Question
A program/development that arise within the community and taken in charge by local people best refer to
Answer
  • A community-oriented initiative
  • A community-initiated initiative
  • Community development
  • It sucks

Question 101

Question
Community-based initiative favours a top-down approach
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 102

Question
Community program would foster ownership, participation and empowerment
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 103

Question
Which of the following is true
Answer
  • the private sector to deliver health services is growing.
  • the public sector to deliver health services is growing
  • Civil society is not seen as an agency for a participatory and empowering form of development.

Question 104

Question
The blending or bridging of two or more communities to foster social inclusion refers to
Answer
  • Train-the-trainer approach
  • International collaboration for community development
  • Community-oriented initiative
  • Cultural shifting

Question 105

Question
According to the World Health Organization, there is a shortage of nearly 7.2 million health workers.
Answer
  • 9.3 million health workers.
  • 7.2 million health workers.
  • 7.2 thousands health workers.
  • 1 million health workers.

Question 106

Question
Globally, nearly 2 billion people , particularly in the most remote villages, live without ever seeing a health worker.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 107

Question
What are the steps to prepare community workers?
Answer
  • Recruit
  • Train
  • Equip
  • Manage
  • Pay

Question 108

Question
Imposing program on people, lack of community ownership, unpaid work and funding issues pose barriers to community-based initiative
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 109

Question
moral systems of a group or culture refers to
Answer
  • virtue ethics
  • normative ethics
  • deontological ethics
  • descriptive ethics

Question 110

Question
Acts are judged morally right based on how well they conform to some set of principles best refers to...
Answer
  • normative ethics
  • deontological ethics
  • teleological ethics
  • virtue ethics

Question 111

Question
Teleological Ethics defines
Answer
  • acts are judged morally right based on how well they conform to some set of principles
  • act to bring about the best result or the maximum good; acts are judged morally right based on their consequences
  • a moral systems of a group or culture
  • a moral system that people can use to make moral decisions

Question 112

Question
what supports global institutions that mitigate and limit the power of individual nations and states?
Answer
  • Political cosmopolitanism
  • Moral cosmopollitanism
  • Utilitarism

Question 113

Question
cosmopolitanism states that all human beings belong to a shared community and have a moral duty to assist those in need regardless of nationality or proximity
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 114

Question
An informed consent is an example of which ethical standard?
Answer
  • Beneficience
  • Confidentiality
  • Veracity
  • Autonomy

Question 115

Question
identifying and addressing global wrongs related to health falls under which interpretation of Global Health Ethics?
Answer
  • Geographical account
  • Contente account
  • Normative account

Question 116

Question
The humanitarian model recognize power and wealth disparities between Northern and Southern countries
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 117

Question
The humanitarian model encourages humbleness
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 118

Question
the political model is thinking-driven while the humanitarian model is emotionally driven
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 119

Question
It is better for a new in the field of development to be closer the ethical paralysis rather tha righteous seizure
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 120

Question
What are the 4 sources of social capital
Answer
  • Social participation
  • Social network and social support
  • Reciprocity and trust
  • Civic participation
  • Lol

Question 121

Question
Democraty is an example of social partition
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 122

Question
A patient-centered approach fall under which perspective of the global health care?
Answer
  • Economic
  • Sociological
  • Bioethical
  • Existential
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