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Cyanobacterial Blooms

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University Microbiology Quiz on Cyanobacterial Blooms, created by Becca Shaw on 30/04/2015.
Becca Shaw
Quiz by Becca Shaw, updated more than 1 year ago
Becca Shaw
Created by Becca Shaw about 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Rapid overgrowth of cyanobacteria may occur due to
Answer
  • Increased nutrient content
  • Lower pH
  • Higher temperatures
  • A reduction in competition and predation

Question 2

Question
Nutrient exhaustion is associated with rapid death and decline, forming scum
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
The existence of cyanobacterial blooms are not related to climate change
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 4

Question
What are the long-term consequences of cyanobacterial overgrowth?
Answer
  • Increase in climate
  • Food web disruption
  • Decrease in biodiversity
  • Economic losses

Question 5

Question
What of the following nutrients are associated with cyanobacterial blooms?
Answer
  • Magnesium
  • Iron
  • Phosphate
  • Carbon

Question 6

Question
Which eukaryotic species overgrowth causes 'red tide'?
Answer
  • Microcystis aeruginosa
  • Karena brevis
  • Trichodesmium
  • Prochlorococcus marinus

Question 7

Question
How may a Harmful Algal Bloom cause indirect toxicity to organisms?
Answer
  • Generating a hypoxic or anoxic environment
  • Producing waste products
  • Increasing competition for resources
  • Releasing toxins

Question 8

Question
Microcystis aeruginosa and Trichodesmium are both eukaryotic organisms
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
People boating on high risk lakes reported symptoms of toxicity how much more/less frequently than others? (Approximately)
Answer
  • Three times as much
  • Twice as much
  • Half as much
  • No difference

Question 10

Question
Microcystis aeruginosa is a gram-negative species of bacteria
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
Microcystins enhance fluid uptake in fish causing increased toxicity which can lead to liver damage or cancer
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
What are the effects caused by a bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa?
Answer
  • Nutrient content of water is increased
  • Selective predation occurs whereby the food web is disrupted
  • Water quality is decreased
  • Economic losses due to lack of fishing and tourism

Question 13

Question
Microcystis aeruginosa is made up of spherical cells, a flagellum and a gram-negative wall structure
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 14

Question
What size is the genome of Microcystis aeruginosa? (Approximately)
Answer
  • 6 Mb
  • 4 Mb
  • 5 Mb
  • 2 Mb

Question 15

Question
Which of the following statements are true regarding gas vesicles in Microcystis aeruginosa?
Answer
  • They are produced during the night to bring the cell to the surface of the water
  • They are arranged in a pentagonal array
  • They reduce the surface area: cytoplasm ratio
  • They provide buoyancy for access to light

Question 16

Question
What are the names of the gas vesicle structural proteins?
Answer
  • GpB2, GpB3 and F270
  • SI3P and NNt3
  • P2f and Fn73
  • GvpA and GvpC

Question 17

Question
A cork and hammer experiment was conducted to mimic the effect of vesicle disruption due to sudden pressure change
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 18

Question
Which of the following statements are true concerning algicides?
Answer
  • Their use is not feasible on a large scale
  • Algicide use is ineffective at destroying cyanobacterial blooms
  • Bacterial toxins may be released when the cells are destroyed during algicide treatment
  • None of the above are true

Question 19

Question
Sonication or hydrostatic pressure may be used as control measures for treating algal blooms as this has an effect on the buoyancy of gas vesicles
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Which of the following are appropriate control measures in regards to cyanobacterial blooms?
Answer
  • Increase mixing/flushing
  • Use of micropredators
  • Limit temperatures
  • Use of algicides

Question 21

Question
Which of the following statements about Microcystin-LR is false?
Answer
  • Peptide synthesis is non-ribosomal
  • Preferential uptake by liver transporter OATP
  • Released on lysis of cells
  • Cyclic hexapeptide

Question 22

Question
How does microcystin-LR cause liver damage?
Answer
  • Inhibits protein PP2A
  • Causes damage due to reactive oxygen species and apoptosis
  • Inhibits protein phosphatase-1
  • Is transported by protein OAFP

Question 23

Question
During the day, what genes are transcribed by MIcrocystis aeruginosa?
Answer
  • Energy metabolism
  • Photosynthesis
  • DNA repair
  • DNA replication

Question 24

Question
During the night, what genes are transcribed by Microcystis aeruginosa?
Answer
  • Photosynthesis
  • Energy metabolism
  • DNA replication
  • DNA repair

Question 25

Question
Eutrophicaton due to hippo waste occurred in Kruger National Park, causing many unexpected animal deaths
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 26

Question
The addition of chlorine to treat water in Brazil meant less people were affected by the HAB toxins
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Microcystin-LR was produced by Microcystis bloom in Tabocas reservoir causing contaminated water to be distributed in Brazil
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 28

Question
What serious health outcomes are associated with long-term exposure to cyanobacterial blooms?
Answer
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Liver cancer
  • Emphysema
  • Parkinson's disease
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