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Biology Advanced higher - part of cell and molec

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part of cell and molecular course
Katie Bryden
Quiz by Katie Bryden, updated more than 1 year ago
Katie Bryden
Created by Katie Bryden over 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which is the only amino acid class that is hydrophobic
Answer
  • acidic
  • non-polar
  • polar
  • basic

Question 2

Question
The reaction that forms when two amino acid monomers are liked together is a hydration reaction
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
In which stage of the protein structure does interactions between R-groups of amino acids occur ?
Answer
  • primary
  • secondary
  • tertiary
  • quaternary

Question 4

Question
Which one is the description for hydrophobic interactions in the protein structure ?
Answer
  • Non-polar R groups are mostly arranged to the inside of the protein. The Polar, acidic and basic R groups are mostly arranged on the outside
  • Very weak attractions between the electron clouds of atoms
  • The weak negative charge of the oxygen of the C=o is attracted to the weak positive charge on a hydrogen of an OH or NH2 group
  • The COOH and NH2 groups ionise to become COO- and NH3+. These groups are strongly charged and can attract each other
  • Covalent bonds form due to reactions between the Sulphur-containing R groups of cysteines

Question 5

Question
Choose two purines
Answer
  • Adenine
  • cytosine
  • uracil
  • guanine
  • thymine

Question 6

Question
The phosphodiester bonds link in the ......
Answer
  • 3' to 5' direction
  • 5' to 3' direction
  • 2' to 6' direction
  • 6' to 2' direction

Question 7

Question
which of the following describes the structure of cytosine
Answer
  • A purine base with a single-ring structure
  • A purine base with a double bond structure
  • A pyrimidine base with a single-ring structure
  • A pyrimidine base with a double ring structure

Question 8

Question
how many hydrogen bonds link together cytosine and guanine
Answer
  • 2
  • 4
  • 3
  • 1

Question 9

Question
What do you call proteins that are easily removed from membranes in the laboratory using ionic washes
Answer
  • lateral
  • integral
  • horizontal
  • peripheral

Question 10

Question
Attachment proteins are Proteins which provide cytoskeleton attachment points within the membrane for the structural support of the cell.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 11

Question
The covalent chemical bonds between nucleotides in DNA are
Answer
  • peptide
  • phosphodiester
  • glycosidic
  • hydrogen

Question 12

Question
Refer to the picture - which colour shows the phosphate group
Image:
a4d03b82-b8c8-49ef-bba5-01f3d89ab32b (image/png)
Answer
  • orange
  • blue
  • green
  • purple

Question 13

Question
Why is cholesterol important in the membrane structure ? (could be more than one answer)
Answer
  • reduced membrane fluidity
  • allows diffusion across the membrane
  • used to maintain the structure of the membrane
  • prevents solidification of the membrane at low temperatures
  • prevents solidification of the membrane at high temperatures

Question 14

Question
What converts inactive trypsinogen in to active trypsin
Answer
  • kinase
  • phosphate
  • protease
  • glycogen

Question 15

Question
which one is true about a positive modulator (could be more than one answer)
Answer
  • It is also known as an activator
  • reduces the affinity of the enzyme
  • binds to a different allosteric site
  • increases the formation of all products
  • also known as an inhibitor
  • changes the shape of the enzyme

Question 16

Question
End product inhibition is when the end product binds to the substrate
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
end product inhibition is a form of .....
Answer
  • non- competitive inhibitor
  • the induced fit hypothesis
  • extracellular signalling
  • negative feedback
  • positive modulator

Question 18

Question
The actions of protease
Answer
  • Hydrolysis of peptide bonds break down proteins
  • Hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds to break down nucleic acids
  • Hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in ATP to form ADP and phosphate
  • Condensation reaction to add to phosphate group to another molecule

Question 19

Question
the actions of kinases
Answer
  • Hydrolysis of peptide bonds break down proteins
  • Hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds to break down nucleic acids
  • Hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in ATP to form ADP and phosphate
  • Condensation reaction to add to phosphate group to another molecule

Question 20

Question
Find the incorrect answer on enzymes
Answer
  • they are biological catalysts
  • lower the activation energy
  • speeds up the reaction
  • regulate half of the metabolic reactions in a cell

Question 21

Question
competitive inhibitors are non-specific so can be used with a range of enzymes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
which of the following are correct about inhibitors reducing reaction rates
Answer
  • they can alter enzyme's shapes so it becomes inactive
  • they can resemble the substrate
  • they bind to another part of the enzyme
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