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MATH QUIZ 2013

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Who doesn't love math huh, I sure do but this quiz is mine :)
Halima Mahmoud
Quiz by Halima Mahmoud, updated more than 1 year ago
Halima Mahmoud
Created by Halima Mahmoud over 2 years ago
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Question 1

Question
2. ​Identify ​right​ statements concerning pain pathways
Answer
  • a) fast pain fibers of the spinal cord liberate excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate
  • c) upon entering the spinal cord fast and slow pain fibers synapse with the same population of neurons
  • b) most of slow pain fibers finish in reticular formation, rectal area and perpendicular grey region
  • d) paleospinothalamic tract transmits impulses concerning quality, intensity and location of pain

Question 2

Question
3. Nociception is ​NOT​ conducted by:
Answer
  • a) lateral spinothalamic tract
  • b) The same pathway as the sense of vibration and line,
  • c) The same pathway as the input from thermo receptors
  • d) Anterior spinothalamic tract

Question 3

Question
4. Tapping of patellar elicits reflex contraction of quadriceps muscle, Which of following precedes contraction of quadriceps femoris?
Answer
  • a) Ia afferents from quadriceps muscle spindle increase their rate of
  • b) Ib afferents from Golgi tendon organ increase their rate of firing
  • c) alpha-motor neurons innervating extradural muscle fibers increase their rate of firing
  • d) gamma-motor neurons innervate intrafusal muscle increase their rate of
  • e) The alpha-motoneurons to the antagonist muscles increase their rate of firing

Question 4

Question
5. Which of following are elements of reflex arc of the ​inverse​ stretch reflex?
Answer
  • a) Inhibitory interneuron of the spinal cord
  • b) Gamma motor neuron innervate extrafusal skeletal muscle cells
  • c) Golgi tendon organ
  • d) Ib sensory fiber from the annulospiral ending e9
  • e) Alpha-motor neuron innervate extrafusal skeletal mus
  • f) C fiber collecting input from the muscle spindle
  • g) Sensory protoneuron of the dorsal root ganglion collecting input from type La sensory fiber

Question 5

Question
6. Pyramidal pathway are essential for which of the following activities:
Answer
  • a) Speechandwriting
  • b) Respiratory movements of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
  • c) Motor activities performed with hands and fingers such as taping keyboards
  • d) Diadochokineasia
  • e) Kinesthesia and stereoagnosia

Question 6

Question
Match properly thalamic nucleus with its normal function:
Answer
  • a) Ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL nucleus ) -Somatosensory afference
  • b) Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) - Vision
  • c) Medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) - Rubrospinal tract
  • d) Midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei - Slow diffused pain

Question 7

Question
15. Identify THE FIRST + LAST stage of phototransduction of rods right after absorption of light:
Answer
  • a) Hyperpolarization and photoreceptor - last stage
  • b) Activation of transduction - fist stage
  • c) Increase of the concentration of cGMP - first stage
  • d) Changing of the retinal configuration from the cis-form to the more energetic transform - first stage
  • e) Closure of the cGMP-dependent Na+-channel - last stage
  • f) Reduction of the concentration of cGMP - last stage

Question 8

Question
-16) Visual acuity:
Answer
  • a) In the nearest point to the eye at which an object can be brought to into clear focus by accommodation
  • b) Is related to the smallest angle by which two points can be separated and still perceived as two points
  • c) Is determined by the perimeter
  • d) Is interfered by defects of accommodation
  • e) Is determined by ophthalmoscope

Question 9

Question
17​.​ Identify cells which are ​NOT​ elements of the visual pathway:
Answer
  • a) Bipolar cells
  • b) Cells of the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus
  • c) Cells of the medial geniculate body of the thalamus​ - ​Auditory pathway
  • d) Small retinal cells
  • e) Purkinje cells

Question 10

Question
18. Find right statement concerning audition:
Answer
  • a) Frequency of vibration of basilar membrane differs from vibration of eardrum
  • c) Outer hair cells of the cochlea help to discriminate loudness of the sound
  • d) Inner hair cells of cochlea function as detectors of the tone pitch
  • e) Tone of 20kHz produces vibration of the entire basilar membrane
  • b) Apical part of basilar membrane resonate most in response to tone of 200Hz

Question 11

Question
-19. Identify right statements concerning ß-rhythm appearing on an EEG recording:
Answer
  • a) It is present in awake patient with eyes open
  • b) It is made of low frequency high amplitude waves frequency is 8-12 Hz
  • c) It forms sleep spindles of the EEG recording
  • d) It is recorded during REM sleep
  • e) It disappears from the EEG recording after closure of eyes

Question 12

Question
20. Right LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus) is entered by input from
Answer
  • a) Temporal half of the left retina
  • b) Temporal half of the right retina
  • c) Nasal half of the left retina
  • d) Nasal half of the right retina
  • e) Both left hemiretinas (left half of both retinas)

Question 13

Question
21. In ​conductive​ loss of hearing (conductive deafness) of the healthy ear:
Answer
  • a) In Weber test, sound is heard louder by the healthy ear
  • b) Rinne test of the healthy ear is positive
  • c) Patients hearing of healthy ear is longer than examiners in Schwabach test
  • D) Air conduction of healthy ear is better bone conduction Vibration in ear

Question 14

Question
3. Nociception is ​NOT​ conducted by:
Answer
  • a) lateral spinothalamic tract
  • b) The same pathway as the sense of vibration and line,
  • c) Thesamepathwayastheinputfromthermoreceptors...
  • d) Anterior spinothalamic tract

Question 15

Question
11. Which is true about hearing:
Answer
  • b) Apical part of the basilar membrane vibrates from sound of frequency 200 Hz.​ ​
  • c) Middle ear amplifies the sound.
  • d) Inner hair cells detect the frequency of sound.
  • e) Outer hair cells discriminate the loudness of sound ​

Question 16

Question
22. Which of following statements concerning visual acuity are ​NOT​ TRUE:
Answer
  • a) is tested by Snellen letter chart
  • b) Is normal when eyes is able to discriminate details separated by a visual angle of 5 minutes of arc (1 min of arc= 1/50 degree)
  • c) it depends on defects of focusing
  • d) it depends on the state of rods

Question 17

Question
23. Rhodopsin is:
Answer
  • a) Composed of transducin and photopsin
  • b) The G-protein of cones
  • c) Serpentine receptor coupled with G-protein which activates enzyme PDE
  • d) It is a ligand gated channel similar to muscarinic receptor
  • e) Metabotropic receptor located on free floating discs of the outer segment of rods

Question 18

Question
-25. Which of the following cells are able to generate action potential?
Answer
  • a) Olfactory receptor cells
  • b) Hair cells of the organ of Corti
  • c) Ganglion cells of the retina
  • d) Bipolar cells of the retina

Question 19

Question
Cross bridge cycle - choose correct order: a) ADP is released b) ATP binds to myosin head c) ATP is hydrolyzed d) Pi is released + powerstroke e) A cross-bridge form
Answer
  • b, c, e, d, a
  • d, e, b, c, a
  • a, b, c, d, e
  • c, d, e, b, a

Question 20

Question
2. Identify ​right​ statements concerning pain pathways:
Answer
  • a) fast pain fibers of the spinal cord liberate excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate
  • b) most of slow pain fibers finish in reticular formation, rectal area and perpendicular grey region
  • c) uponenteringthespinalcordfastandslowpainfiberssynapsewiththesame population of neurons
  • d) paleospinothalamic tract transmits impulses concerning quality, intensity and location of pain - ​

Question 21

Question
3. Nociception is ​NOT​ conducted by:
Answer
  • a) lateral spinothalamic tract
  • b) same pathway as the sense of vibration and fine, precise touch
  • c)same pathway as the input from thermo receptors
  • d) anterior spinothalamic tract

Question 22

Question
4. Tapping of patellar tendon elicit a reflex contraction of the quadriceps muscle. Which of the following precedes the contraction of the quadriceps femoris
Answer
  • a) Ia afferents from the quadriceps muscle spindle increase their rate of firing
  • b) Ib afferent from the Golgi tendon organ increase their ring of firing
  • c) α-motoneurons (alpha) innervating the extrafusal muscle fibers increase their rate of firing
  • d) γ-motoneurons(gamma) innervating the intrafusal muscle fibers increase their rate of firing
  • e) α-motoneurons to the antagonistic muscles increase their rate of firing

Question 23

Question
5. Which of the following are elements of the reflex arc of the ​inverse​-stretch reflex?
Answer
  • a) Inhibitory interneuron of the spinal cord
  • b) Gamma motor neuron innervating extrafusal skeletal muscle cells
  • c) Golgitendonorgan
  • d) Ib sensory fiber from the annulospiral ending
  • e) Alpha-motor neuron innervating extrafusal skeletal muscle cells
  • f) C fiber collecting input from the muscle spindle
  • g) Sensory protoneuron of the dorsal root ganglion collecting input from type Ia sensory fiber

Question 24

Question
7. Gracile fasciculus pathway is composed of (mind the order of neurons):
Answer
  • a) Neurons in posterior horn of the spinal cord
  • b) Dorsal root ganglion cell
  • c) Neurons in nucleus gracilis
  • d) Neurons in ventral (posterolateral??) nuclei of thalamus
  • e) Neurons in postcentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex

Question 25

Question
8. Lesion of ​precentral​ gyrus of the left frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere leads to:
Answer
  • a) Inability to perform voluntary movements
  • b) Fluent ​ ​aphasia
  • c) Loss of coordination of movements
  • d) Spastic tone of the contralateral skeletal muscles due to damage of the upper neuron of the pyramidal tract

Question 26

Question
9.Which of the following sentences describe properly fasciculus gracilis:
Answer
  • a) it collects sensory input from lower part of the body
  • b) it collect sensory input from upper part of the body
  • c) conducts impulses from muscle spindles + Golgi tendon organs
  • d) it conveys crude (light) tough and temperature sense
  • e) it conveys fine (discriminative) touch and vibration sense
  • f) Second-order neuron is located in medulla oblongata
  • g) Second order neuron is located in posterior horn of the spinal cord

Question 27

Question
10. Identify statements concerning ​lateral​ corticospinal tract
Answer
  • a) it innervates bilaterally axial muscles (muscles proximal to the trunk)
  • b) it crosses the midline in pyramidal decussation
  • c) first order neurons of the pathways synapse in nucleus rubber
  • d) it reduces the muscular tone of flexors

Question 28

Question
11. Describe properly the characteristics of the spinothalamic tract:
Answer
  • a) it is 2 neuron sensory tract that is localized in anterolateral neural pathways system
  • b) it is a 3-neuron sensory tract that is localized in dorsal columns of the spinal cord
  • c) it conveys sensation modalities such as ticide and itch, temperature, light touch and pressure
  • d) it passes to the contralateral CNS side on the level of the medulla oblongata
  • e) it terminates finally in the somatosensory cortex

Question 29

Question
12. Indicate correct statements concerning Purkinje cells of cerebellar cortex:
Answer
  • a) liberate GABA producing inhibitory effect to neurons of deep cerebellar nuclei
  • b) they project excitatory output to basket and stellate cells through GABAc receptor
  • c) They are excited by glutamate liberated by axon terminals of climbing fibers and parallel fibers
  • d) they are directly activated by mossy fibers
  • e) project excitatory axons converging on deep cerebellar nuclei

Question 30

Question
13. Which statements are right?
Answer
  • a) Climbing fiber input exerts a strong excitatory effect on single Purkinje cell
  • b) Basket cells project to deep cerebellar nuclei - ​
  • c) Mossy fibers come from all possible sources except for inferior olivar nuclei
  • d) Mossy fibers come from inferior olivary nuclei - ​Climbing fibers

Question 31

Question
14. Identify right statements concerning cerebellar function
Answer
  • a) Damage of the flocculonodular lobe lead to nystagmus
  • b) Input from cerebro-porto-cerebellar pathways enters dentate nucleus of vestibulocerebellum
  • c) Anterior cerebello spinaltract distribute proper rate and strength of muscle cells to postural muscles
  • d) Damage of the cerebellum results with discoordination of all movements (ataxia)

Question 32

Question
15. Which of the following are direct effects of action of ​gamma​ motoneurons?
Answer
  • a) stimulate extrafusal muscle fibers to contract
  • b) help maintaining activity of Ia afferent during contraction
  • c) stimulate activity in Ib afferent fibers
  • d) detect the length of resting skeletal muscles
  • e) produce contraction of the nuclear bag and nuclear chain fibers

Question 33

Question
16. Find sentences describing ​cerebellar​ function:
Answer
  • a) projects to the motor cortex through ventral anterior (VA) and ventral posterior(VP) thalamic nuclei
  • b) influences γ- motoneurons of the spinal cord indirectly through the reticulospinal tract
  • c) indysfunctionitproducesinvoluntaryrestingmovementssuchasp<h-roling or resting tremor

Question 34

Question
-8. ​Identify elements concerning ​lateral​ corticospinal tract:
Answer
  • a. it innervates bilaterally axial muscles
  • b. it crosses the midline in pyramidal decussation
  • c. first order neurons of the pathway synapse on nucleus ruber
  • d. Itreducesthemusculartoneofflexors​(

Question 35

Question
18. Identify right statements concerning the ​ß- rhythm​ appearing on an EEG recording
Answer
  • a) appears when a patient's eyes open
  • b) forms sleep spindles of the EEG recording
  • c) recordedduringNREMsleepofhealthyadults
  • d) represents activity that is the most specific for the frontal region of the conscious brain

Question 36

Question
19.​ Identify correct statements concerning hyperopia (farsightedness):
Answer
  • a) Near point of vision can be located 1 meter from the eye
  • b) it is related to increased focal length of the eyeball
  • c) it is corrected by concave lenses
  • d) Near objects are focused on retina while far objects not​

Question 37

Question
20. ​Right​ LGN (lateral geniculate nucleus) is entered by input from:
Answer
  • a) Temporal half of the left retina
  • b) temporal half of the right retina
  • d) Nasal half of the tight retina
  • e) Both left hemiretinas (left of both retinas)
  • c) Nasal half of the retina

Question 38

Question
21.​ ​In conductive loss of hearing (conductive deafness) of right ear
Answer
  • a) In Weber's test, sound is heard louder by the right ear
  • b) Rinne's test of the right ear is positive
  • c) Patient's hearing of the right ear is longer than the examiner's in Schwabach's test
  • d) Air conduction of the right ear is better bone conduction

Question 39

Question
22. Which of the following statements concerning Visual acuity are ​NOT​ true:
Answer
  • a) Is tested by Snellen letter chart
  • b) is normal when eye is able to discriminate details separated by a visual angle of 5 minutes of arc (1 minute of arc = 1/60 degree)
  • c) it depends on defects of focusing
  • d) depends on the state of rods​

Question 40

Question
23. Rhodopsin is:
Answer
  • a) Composed of transducin and photopsin
  • b) the G-protein of cones
  • c) The serpentine receptor coupled with G-protein, which activates enzyme PDE​
  • d) It is a ligand gated channel similar to muscarinic receptor
  • e) Metabotropic receptor located on free floating discs of the outer segment of rods
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