B1 Quiz

Label the image with the correct terms.

Choose the correct order below, from smallest to largest.

Genes instruct the cells to make proteins needed for your body to work. The strands of DNA are made up of four chemicals that we call bases, along with phosphate and sugar molecules. It is the order of these four different bases along each piece of the DNA strand that determines the protein code.

Choose the characteristic which is an example of a genetic trait.

In some cases, several [blank_start]genes[blank_end] work together to determine a feature. A good example of this is [blank_start]eye[blank_end] colour. Human eye colour does not follow a simple [blank_start]pattern[blank_end] of inheritance, because it is [blank_start]determined[blank_end] by a [blank_start]number[blank_end] of different genes. As a result, there is a wide [blank_start]range[blank_end] of eyes colours in humans. This is an example of [blank_start]continuous[blank_end] variation, where there is a wide range of possible [blank_start]outcomes[blank_end].

The genetic make up of an individual organism is called the phenotype.

Tick the correct facts about chromosomes.

It is possible that both alleles of a gene are the same, in which case the individual is said to be [blank_start]homozygous[blank_end] for that trait. If the alleles for a gene in an individual are different, the individual is said to be [blank_start]heterozygous[blank_end] for the trait.

Explain, using ideas about chromosomes and alleles, why siblings often look similar to each other, but not identical.

Draw a punnett square for a cross between a hairy-toed male (Hh) and a female with hairless toes (hh). What proportion of the offspring would have hairy toes?

Clones are individuals with [blank_start]identical[blank_end] genes. Bacteria, plants and even some [blank_start]animals[blank_end] can reproduce [blank_start]asexually[blank_end] to form clones. In asexual reproduction, only one [blank_start]parent[blank_end] is involved, so the offspring has identical [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] to the parent. As clones have identical DNA, any differences between clones and their parents are likely to be due to the [blank_start]environment[blank_end] which they are in, rather than to their [blank_start]genes[blank_end].

The diagram below shows the steps of artificial animal cloning. Choose the correct labels for each stage of the process.

Adult stem cells can develop into any type of cell.