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Bio Final Exam Melinda Winter

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Bio Mid Term copied
Jaidha Rosenblat
Quiz by Jaidha Rosenblat, updated more than 1 year ago
Jaidha Rosenblat
Created by Jaidha Rosenblat almost 9 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Which of these is the most accurate description of the term "gene?"
Answer
  • A sequence of DNA nucleotides that are the code for making a particular protein.
  • A strand of DNA that acts as a 3D protein printer.
  • A notable feature or quality of an organism

Question 2

Question
Which of the following is the most accurate description of the term "chromosome?"
Answer
  • A long DNA double-helix, tightly wound around histone proteins.
  • A "protein printing" machine.
  • Long molecules of mRNA

Question 3

Question
Three dimensional printed objects with specific shapes and functions
Answer
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • Proteins
  • Nucleotides
  • Ribosomes

Question 4

Question
The cell's "3D printers."
Answer
  • mRNA
  • Ribosomes
  • DNA
  • Nucleotides
  • Proteins

Question 5

Question
The cell's "flash-drive"--portable copies of files or apps.
Answer
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • Ribosomes
  • Proteins
  • Nucleotides

Question 6

Question
Software stored in the cell's "hard-drive."
Answer
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • Ribosomes
  • Proteins
  • Nucleotides

Question 7

Question
Symbols of the cell's software code.
Answer
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • Ribosomes
  • Proteins
  • Nucleotides

Question 8

Question
Genes are made of a sequence of the nucleotides A, C, T and G.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Choose all responses that correctly complete this sentence: All 20 naturally occurring amino acids are identical in_____________________________________
Answer
  • The atoms in the "amino" group.
  • The central carbon atom with its attached hydrogen atom.
  • The atoms in the "carboxylic acid" group
  • The atoms in the "R-group" side-chain.

Question 10

Question
Two important categories of macro-molecules in cells are nucleic acids (DNA and the different RNAs), and protein. Which of the following are characteristics of proteins?
Answer
  • Its function is determined by its shape.
  • Genes are made of this type of molecule.
  • Its function is determined by the sequence of its chemical "symbols."
  • A chain of nucleotides is a....
  • A chain of amino acids is a...
  • It is synthesized ("printed") by ribosomes

Question 11

Question
Match each term with its correct description. Making an mRNA copy of a gene.
Answer
  • DNA Replication
  • transcription
  • translation

Question 12

Question
Match each term with its correct description: Copying all a cell's DNA, just before the cell divides into two cells.
Answer
  • DNA Replicaiton
  • transcription
  • translation

Question 13

Question
Match each term with its correct description: Reading mRNA code and printing a protein.
Answer
  • DNA Replication
  • transcription
  • translation

Question 14

Question
Choose the most correct answer to this question: What are nucleotides?
Answer
  • The molecular symbols of the genetic code.
  • Chromosomes
  • Amino acids
  • Proteins

Question 15

Question
On the left are "letters" on one side of a DNA double helix. Add the correct complementary DNA letters, according to the "base-pairing" rule of DNA replication: CGTTA [blank_start]_____[blank_end]
Answer
  • GCAAT

Question 16

Question
Match each biological structure to the job it does in the cell: "Unzips" a DNA molecule, in the process of DNA replication
Answer
  • helicase
  • tRNA
  • mRNA
  • ribosomes

Question 17

Question
Match each biological structure to the job it does in the cell: Prints proteins.
Answer
  • helicase
  • tRNA
  • mRNA
  • ribosomes

Question 18

Question
Match each biological structure to the job it does in the cell: Carries a "print this protein" message to ribosomes.
Answer
  • helicase
  • tRNA
  • mRNA
  • Ribosomes

Question 19

Question
Match each biological structure to the job it does in the cell: Delivers amino acids to ribosomes.
Answer
  • helicase
  • tRNA
  • mRNA
  • ribosomes

Question 20

Question
Select the TWO most precisely correct answers What functions does DNA perform for the cell?
Answer
  • It prints proteins, from amino acids provided to it by tRNA.
  • The sequence of its nucleotides provide the code for how to print the cell's proteins.
  • The full sequences of all its nucleotides can be replicated, so that when a cell can divides, each new cell gets a full copy of the "hard-drive".

Question 21

Question
The following processes happen in one of two places: Inside the nucleus
Answer
  • Transcription of mRNA from DNA gene
  • Synthesis (printing) of proteins
  • Translation of mRNA message by ribosomes.
  • DNA replication

Question 22

Question
The shape of the protein is determined by[blank_start]...[blank_end] The sequence of amino acids is determined by[blank_start]...[blank_end] The sequence of mRNA nucleotides is determined by[blank_start]...[blank_end] A protein's function is determined by[blank_start]...[blank_end]
Answer
  • amino acids
  • the shape of the protein
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • amino acids
  • mRNA
  • shape of Proteins
  • DNA
  • amino acids
  • shape of proteins
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • mDNA
  • DNA
  • amino acids
  • shape of proteins

Question 23

Question
The images we always see of chromosomes shaped like an "X" are actually "identical twin chromosomes" (chromatids), after DNA replication.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 24

Question
Which of the following are performed by proteins?
Answer
  • Transport amino acids to ribosomes.
  • Is translated by ribosomes.
  • Carry out active transport across the cell membrane.
  • Carry the genetic inheritance of a cell or organism.
  • Form complex cell structures (such as the cytoskeleton).
  • Act as enzymes

Question 25

Question
Which of the following are performed by RNA?
Answer
  • Transport amino acids to ribosomes.
  • Is translated by ribosomes.
  • Carry out active transport across the cell membrane.
  • Carry the genetic inheritance of a cell or organism.
  • Form complex cell structures (such as the cytoskeleton)
  • Act as enzymes

Question 26

Question
Which of the following are performed by DNA?
Answer
  • Transport amino acids to ribosomes.
  • Is translated by ribosomes.
  • Carry out active transport across the cell membrane.
  • Carry the genetic inheritance of a cell or organism.
  • Form complex cell structures (such as the cytoskeleton).
  • Act as enzymes

Question 27

Question
ONE of the following steps does NOT occur during DNA replication (right before a cell divides). Which step is NOT part of DNA replication?
Answer
  • The DNA double helix is "unzipped" by helicase protein (eventually, unzipping the entire length of every chromosome).
  • Make mRNA copies of the DNA.
  • Add complementary DNA nucleotides to each side of the unzipped helix.
  • Proofread two resulting helices.

Question 28

Question
Which "letters" (nucleotides) are found in the DNA "alphabet?"
Answer
  • U
  • A
  • G
  • C
  • T

Question 29

Question
Which "letters"(nucleotides) are in the RNA"alphabet?"
Answer
  • U
  • C
  • G
  • A
  • T

Question 30

Question
Match each energy-gathering process (below) with which organisms do this process. Respiration: [blank_start]___[blank_end] Photosynthesis: [blank_start]__[blank_end]
Answer
  • Both autotrophs and heterotrophs
  • Autotrophs only
  • Heterotrophs only
  • Both autotrophs and heterotrophs
  • Autotrophs only
  • Heterotrophs only

Question 31

Question
Which of the following statements are TRUE about glycolysis?
Answer
  • Glycolysis occurs in a cell's cytoplasm
  • Glycolysis produces a small number of "recharged" ATP molecules, for each glucose broken down. Correct
  • Glycolysis requires oxygen
  • Glycolysis happens inside a cell's mitochondria.

Question 32

Question
Select each molecule that has high (chemical) energy
Answer
  • Water and CO2
  • ADP and phosphate
  • ATP
  • Oxygen
  • Glucose
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