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Beach astro final

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professor beach unmla astronomy final, review of old tests from the class
Greg Gustav
Quiz by Greg Gustav, updated more than 1 year ago
Greg Gustav
Created by Greg Gustav over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
One reason copernicus's theory of the solar system was a better scientific theory than ptolemy's theory is because...
Answer
  • Copernicus's theory is newer than Ptolemy's theory, and a newer theory is always better
  • Copernicus's model predicts that we should observe stellar parallax (ptolmys predicts that we should not), and astronomers do observe stellar parallax.
  • Ptolemy's model of the solar system was accepted by the church in 1600, whereas the church was against Copernicus's model.
  • Ptolemy's model does not include and explanation for retrograde motion of the planets.

Question 2

Question
true or false, the largest optical telescopes on earth are refractors.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
In a telescope, the star alberio is seen as a double star including a dimmer blue star and a brighter yellow star. Which star is hotter.
Answer
  • blue star
  • yellow star
  • we can't tell without knowing their distance

Question 4

Question
The main function of an optical astronomical telescope is to
Answer
  • make objects look bigger
  • gather as much light as possible
  • increase the sharpness of an image
  • separate white light into its constituent colors

Question 5

Question
on a day when mars rises in the southeast, in what direction will it set
Answer
  • southwest
  • southeast
  • northeast
  • northwest

Question 6

Question
What kind of spectrum do you observe after passing a continuous spectrum through a cool, this gas
Answer
  • continuous plus bright lines
  • bright line
  • dark line
  • emission line

Question 7

Question
our suns peak energy output occurs in what region of the electromagnetic spectrum
Answer
  • infrared radiation
  • red colored light
  • green-blue colored light
  • ultraviolet radiation

Question 8

Question
which of these are types of ionzing radiation? CHECK ALL THAT APPLY
Answer
  • infrared rays
  • gamma rays
  • microwaves
  • ultra-long waves
  • x-rays

Question 9

Question
a partial lunar eclipse can only occur when the moon is in [blank_start]_[blank_end] phase
Answer
  • full

Question 10

Question
The zodiac band of constellations straddles the
Answer
  • celestial equator
  • horizon
  • milky way
  • ecliptic
  • zenith

Question 11

Question
Approximately what time would the waxing gibbous phase of the moon be highest overhead? [blank_start]-[blank_end]
Answer
  • 9 pm

Question 12

Question
what kind of spectrum do we see when we observe our sun?
Answer
  • bright line
  • dark line
  • emission line
  • maginot line
  • continuous

Question 13

Question
The most important feature of a good scientific theory is that
Answer
  • the theory must not predict any phenomena that have not been observed in the past
  • the predictions the theory makes must agree with observations
  • the theory must agree with all previous theories
  • the theory must work well for obtaining funding from the national science foundation

Question 14

Question
if a star rises at 10:30 pm today (Thursday) what time will it rise TWO days later (on Saturday)
Answer
  • 10:26
  • 10:22
  • 10:34
  • 10:38

Question 15

Question
compared to visible light, infrared radiation has... MARK TWO
Answer
  • longer wavelength
  • shorter wavelength
  • higher energy photons
  • lower energy photons

Question 16

Question
mars in furthest from the sun when it is at
Answer
  • perihelion
  • apogee
  • perigee
  • aphelion

Question 17

Question
the solar system model made by Copernicus...
Answer
  • was heliocentric
  • was centered on earth
  • was geocentric
  • was egocentric

Question 18

Question
the radio receiver dishes of the VLA are spaced far apart to get
Answer
  • more observing time on an object
  • higher magnification
  • greater radio wave length gathering area
  • better resolution

Question 19

Question
in the solar system model of _____, mars actually move backward in space (relative to its normal direction of motion) when it is doing its retrograde motion. it doesn't just appear to move backward as seen from earth in this model
Answer
  • newton
  • copernicus
  • ptolemy
  • galileo

Question 20

Question
What type of spectrum is given off by a hot, solid object, such as an incandescent light bulb filament? [blank_start]___[blank_end]
Answer
  • continuous

Question 21

Question
True or false: the closer to the sun a planet orbits, the slower it moves.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
The two planets that never appear opposite in the sky from the sun are (CHOOSE TWO ANSWERS):
Answer
  • jupiter
  • mars
  • mercury
  • venus
  • saturn
  • neptune

Question 23

Question
The moon displays a complete cycle of phases in one...
Answer
  • sidereal month
  • elliptic month
  • solar week
  • synodic month

Question 24

Question
the method we use to determine the age of the earth is:
Answer
  • measuring earthquake rates
  • radiometric dating
  • ocean salinity increases
  • atmosphere escape dating

Question 25

Question
The first person to report observing the phases of Venus with a telescope was
Answer
  • tycho
  • ptolemy
  • galileo
  • newton
  • hubble

Question 26

Question
a telescope lens forms an image using the principles of
Answer
  • reflection
  • refraction
  • dispersion
  • diffraction

Question 27

Question
a star that is close enough to Polaris that it never rises or sets is called
Answer
  • circumpolar
  • zodiacal
  • synodical
  • annular

Question 28

Question
Very accurate naked-eye observations make by ____ allowed _____ to derive his three laws of planetary motion. (choose one set of names to fill the blanks)
Answer
  • newton/keplar
  • keplar/newton
  • newton/galileo
  • tycho/kepler

Question 29

Question
How would the mass of an object differ when measured on the earth and on the moon
Answer
  • the mass is greater on the moon
  • the ass is the same in both places
  • the mass is less on the moon

Question 30

Question
Polaris was not the earth's pole star 10000 years ago, this is because of
Answer
  • precession
  • obfuscation
  • stellar parralax
  • the earth's magnetic field flips

Question 31

Question
an atom which had an electron removed is called
Answer
  • a neutron
  • an isotope
  • an ion
  • a fusion particle

Question 32

Question
there are two questions with images on test one that could not be entered. look at them on your own. Type YES if you understand. [blank_start]___[blank_end]
Answer
  • Yes

Question 33

Question
a necleus of an oxygen atom contains (mark all that apply)
Answer
  • protons
  • electrons
  • waxons
  • neutrons

Question 34

Question
The greenhouse effect of the earths atmosphere keeps the earth warmer because...
Answer
  • air is trasparent to incoming visible light, but partially opaque to outgoing infrared rays
  • earth's magnetic field traps heat in the lower atmosphere
  • the ozone layer is very efficient at reflecting cold rays back into outerspace
  • the decay of radioactive elements inside the earth provides heat

Question 35

Question
The layer of ozone in the earth's atmosphere...
Answer
  • regulates earth's ocean temperature
  • blocks some solar ultraviolet radiation
  • creates the earth's magnetic field
  • reflects dangerous gamma rays back to space

Question 36

Question
Which part of the moon's serface is younger.
Answer
  • the maria areas
  • the cratered highlands
  • the light-colored areas
  • the mountain ranges

Question 37

Question
the asteroid belt is bordered by the orbits of (choose 2 answers)
Answer
  • titan
  • neptune
  • mars
  • saturn
  • jupiter
  • venus

Question 38

Question
the solid part of a comet is called the [blank_start]____[blank_end]
Answer
  • Nucleus

Question 39

Question
Comet tails are made of (mark all that apply)
Answer
  • liquid water droplets
  • molten metal droplets
  • gas
  • dust particles

Question 40

Question
The most abundant gas in earth's current atmosphere is
Answer
  • oxygen
  • nitrogen
  • helium
  • ozone
  • methane

Question 41

Question
the 2ND most abundant gas in venus's atmosphere is
Answer
  • nitrogen
  • oxygen
  • methane
  • carbon dioxide
  • hydrogen

Question 42

Question
han solo has the millennium falcon <3 at Triton, and he has to pick up princess leia from the largest moon in our solar system. which way must he go?
Answer
  • closer to the sun
  • farther from the sun
  • neither because both moons orbit the same planet
  • he is already on the correct moon

Question 43

Question
Which of the planets in our solar system that have rings has the smallest diameter? [blank_start]____[blank_end]
Answer
  • neptune

Question 44

Question
we know that this planet has no global magnetic field
Answer
  • uranus
  • neptune
  • murcury
  • satern
  • venus
  • jupiter
  • earth

Question 45

Question
although venus is further from the sun than murcury, venus has a thigher surface tempurature. why?
Answer
  • Mercury is smaller in size than Venus, so it absorbs less sunlight
  • Mercury has less mass than Venus so it cant hold the heat photons
  • Venus has a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide
  • Venus has a dense ozone layer

Question 46

Question
theearth's magnetic feild is generated by
Answer
  • the solid iron inner core vibrating rapidly
  • a dynamo effect in the liquid outer core
  • the shifting of plates in the earth's crust
  • the solar wind plasma hitting the ozone layer

Question 47

Question
the earth's surface does not contain large amounts of carbon dioxide because
Answer
  • it chemically reacted with our helium
  • it all escaped into space due to our low gravity
  • our oceans and life forms remove it
  • cows have removed all the co2 by inhaling it

Question 48

Question
List a planet that exhibits retrograde rotation and is a terrestrial planet: [blank_start]__[blank_end]
Answer
  • venus

Question 49

Question
Compared to terrestrial planets, Jovian planets have (choose 3)
Answer
  • greater density
  • lower denisty
  • fewer moons
  • more moons
  • faster rotation
  • slower roation

Question 50

Question
the asteroids in the asteroid belt are generally composed of
Answer
  • rock & metal
  • ice & gasses
  • hydrogen & helium
  • curds & whey

Question 51

Question
the lump of metal we passed around in class is properly called a
Answer
  • Meteorite
  • meteroid
  • meteroligest
  • meteor
  • meteor-senpai

Question 52

Question
which of these materials are found in the polar caps on mars (mark all that apply)
Answer
  • frozen oxygen
  • water ice
  • helium ice
  • solid carbon dioxide

Question 53

Question
The most common gas in the atmosphere of Saturn is
Answer
  • nitrogen
  • oxygen
  • methane
  • carbon dioxide
  • hydrogen

Question 54

Question
this planet has clouds made of concentrated sulfuric acid
Answer
  • uranus
  • neptune
  • murcury
  • saturn
  • jupiter
  • venus

Question 55

Question
the gas tail of a comet points away from the sun due to
Answer
  • radiation pressure
  • solar wind
  • the sun's magnetic field
  • "jets" from the comet

Question 56

Question
the mean density of the earth is 5.5 times that of water, while the crust is only 3 times that of water. this suggests that..
Answer
  • earth has a liquid core
  • earth probably has a dense metal core
  • earths core has a lower density than the crust
  • earth's atmosphere is made mostly of oxygen

Question 57

Question
the largest asteroid in the asteroid belt is
Answer
  • ceres
  • titan
  • charon
  • holestein
  • angus
  • guernsey

Question 58

Question
the atmosphere of [blank_start]___[blank_end] has 1.5 times the surface pressure of the earth's atmosphere, is composed mainly of nitrogen, and has an opaque orange smog layer that hides the surface from the view of visible light telescopes.
Answer
  • titan

Question 59

Question
mars has a reddish surface color because
Answer
  • the carbon dioxide in its atmosphere absorbs blue light, allowing red light to pass through.
  • the temperature of the surface causes it to glow with a dull reddish orange color
  • the single-cell organisms that cover its surface use a chlorophyll that is red, not green
  • the surface material has been oxidized by oxygen that was previously in its atmosphere

Question 60

Question
which planet or moon have we observed that has a crust composed of plates that shift position very slowly over time? [blank_start]__[blank_end]
Answer
  • earth

Question 61

Question
why did the Jovian planets only form n the outer part of the solar system?
Answer
  • it was the only part of the solar nebula that contained hydrogen gas molecules
  • the Jovian planets didn't have enough mass to attract rock and metal to form into terrestrials
  • hydrogen molecules move slow enough out there for a forming planet to hold onto them
  • it was too hot out there to melt rock and metal to form terrestrial planets

Question 62

Question
where on our moon would you most likely find water ice
Answer
  • in the sea of tranquility
  • in some permanently-shadowed craters near the lunar poles
  • in the largest craters near the lunar equator
  • 50 feet below the surfaces of all maria

Question 63

Question
which of these has a sub-surface salt-water ocean
Answer
  • europa
  • venus
  • mars
  • jupiter
  • mercury

Question 64

Question
which of these rotates three times on its axis for every two orbits it makes
Answer
  • euorpa
  • venus
  • mars
  • jupiter
  • mercury

Question 65

Question
tidal forces in the earth-moon system are responsible for what effects (mark two)
Answer
  • the length of earth's day is getting longer
  • the length of earth's day is getting shorter
  • the moon's orbit is getting smaller
  • the moon's orbit is getting larger

Question 66

Question
True or false: Neptune was discovered accidentally by William herchel using a 6-inch telescope
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 67

Question
the particles that hit the earth's atmosphere and burn up during a meteor shower
Answer
  • large rocks from the asteroid belt
  • particles left a comet trail along its oribt
  • ice crystals streaming in from interstellar space
  • ejecta from meteorite impacts on the lunar surface

Question 68

Question
the oort cloud is located
Answer
  • in venus' atmosphere
  • in jupiters' atmosphere
  • far beyond neptune
  • around io

Question 69

Question
radiometric dating shows that the age of our solar system is [blank_start]_[blank_end] years.
Answer
  • 4.6 billion

Question 70

Question
number the stages of stellar evolution our sun will go though in order (1 - 4). White dwarf [blank_start]__[blank_end] , red giant [blank_start]__[blank_end] , main sequence [blank_start]__[blank_end] , planetary nebula ejection [blank_start]___[blank_end] ,
Answer
  • 4
  • 2
  • 1
  • 3

Question 71

Question
Of the spectral types listed below, which one corresponds to the coolest temperature stars:
Answer
  • G
  • F
  • O
  • B
  • A

Question 72

Question
Where are red giant stars located on the H-R diagram
Answer
  • along the left side
  • along the top side
  • in the upper right
  • in the lower right

Question 73

Question
what property is plotted vertically on an H-R diagram? [blank_start]__[blank_end]
Answer
  • luminosity

Question 74

Question
if the position of and evolving star on a H-R diagram is moving straight left over time, what is happening
Answer
  • the star is getting more luminous
  • the star is getting hotter
  • the star is getting larger in diameter
  • the star is getting less luminous
  • the star is getting cooler
  • the star is getting smaller in diameter

Question 75

Question
the location of the main sequence turnoff point on the H-R diagram of a cluster tells us its
Answer
  • mass
  • chemical composition
  • age
  • stellar population

Question 76

Question
which element CANT be used by high mass starts as a fuel in nuclear fusion reactions to obtain energy
Answer
  • carbon
  • hydrogen
  • helium
  • silicon
  • iron

Question 77

Question
the boundary of a black hole is called the [blank_start]_[blank_end] [blank_start]_[blank_end]
Answer
  • Event
  • Horizon

Question 78

Question
einstine's theory of general relitivity explains gravity in terms of
Answer
  • the bending of space-time by matter, causing objects to follow curved geodesic paths
  • quantum mechanical effects from the interactions of gravitons with higgs bosons
  • a force of attraction between objects that depends on the electric charges of objects
  • the natural tendency for earthy substances to seek the center of the universe

Question 79

Question
how do we know our galaxy has a very massove halo of "dark matter" if we cant see it
Answer
  • from the spectrum of the halo
  • the dark matter does give off detectable radio waves
  • the ages of planetary nebulae
  • the dark matter affects the rotation of the galaxy

Question 80

Question
the diameter of our galaxy is approximately [blank_start]__[blank_end] light years
Answer
  • 120000

Question 81

Question
if you lower the temperature of a normal gas in a container...
Answer
  • it expands
  • its pressure decreases
  • its molecules speed up
  • it ionizes

Question 82

Question
how do we know the interior structure of our sun
Answer
  • because it is a gas so we can see all the way into the center
  • space probes can send bursts of x-rays through the sun's core
  • its surface oscillation tell us about the interior (helioseismology)
  • we have landed seismographs on the surface of the sun at night. (apocryphilology)

Question 83

Question
a type 1a supernove (which shows no hydrogen in its spectrum) results from the explosion of a
Answer
  • very young star
  • very high-mass star
  • red dwarf
  • white dwarf

Question 84

Question
what is the most common type of star in our galaxy
Answer
  • red dwarf
  • white dwarf
  • green giant
  • blue dwarf

Question 85

Question
two stars, gimli and fezzik, are both spectral type m3, but fezzik has much greater luminosity than gimli. Therefore we know...
Answer
  • gimli is hotter than fezzik
  • gimli is cooler than fezzik
  • gimli is larger than fezzik
  • gimli is smaller than gezzik

Question 86

Question
the gravitational collapse of a white dwarf is prevented by
Answer
  • degenerate electron pressure
  • degenerate neutron pressure
  • energy production inside
  • hot gas pressure

Question 87

Question
the maximum mass a white dwarf can have is ___ solar masses
Answer
  • 0.4
  • 1.4
  • 3.4
  • 8
  • ~100

Question 88

Question
when a star first begins its life on the main sequence, what primarily determines where the star is located on the sequence
Answer
  • its magnetic field strength
  • its chemical composition
  • its mass
  • its age

Question 89

Question
the nuclear reactions in our sun produce energy because
Answer
  • of the radioactive decay of helium necleus
  • a helium nucleus weights less than four hydrogen nuclei that form it by fusion
  • the reactions pull energy out of the suns magnetic field and radiate it into space
  • the reactions pull energy out of the suns rotation and radiate it into space

Question 90

Question
pulsars are
Answer
  • black holes detected by their regular radio pulses
  • neutron stars that beam energy as they rotate rapidly
  • white dwarfs that change size
  • old planetary nebulae

Question 91

Question
which of these can produce a black hole?
Answer
  • type B supernova
  • type 2 supernova
  • type 1a supernova
  • regular nova

Question 92

Question
how do the chemical composition of stars
Answer
  • from their colors
  • from their spectra
  • from their orbits
  • from samples collected by interstellar space probes.

Question 93

Question
the photosphere of the sun has a temperature pf approximately [blank_start]___[blank_end] kelvin
Answer
  • 5800

Question 94

Question
sunspots are __ than the surrounding photosphere
Answer
  • hotter
  • brighter
  • cooler
  • bluer

Question 95

Question
where are the most neutrinos produced in the sun
Answer
  • center
  • chromosphere
  • photosphere
  • corona

Question 96

Question
the length of the sunspot cycle averages around ___ years
Answer
  • 11
  • 34
  • 5
  • 98

Question 97

Question
the very hot, low density outer layer of the suns atmosphere is the
Answer
  • corona
  • photosphere
  • aggitosphere
  • chromosphere

Question 98

Question
which stellar population formed first in our galaxy
Answer
  • population 1
  • population 2
  • population zero
  • they all formed at the same time

Question 99

Question
which of these stars would have the longest lifetime
Answer
  • 1.4 solar mass star
  • 0.4 solar mass star
  • type B star
  • 50 solar mass star

Question 100

Question
the two most abundant gasses in the interstellar medium are [blank_start]___[blank_end] and [blank_start]___[blank_end].
Answer
  • hydrogen
  • helium

Question 101

Question
which of these objects in our galaxy is the oldest
Answer
  • an open cluster
  • the m13 globular cluster
  • the high mass cepheid star
  • our sun

Question 102

Question
what type of star produces a type 2 supernova
Answer
  • white dwarf
  • very high mass star
  • red dwarf
  • all of these

Question 103

Question
we can learn the masses of various stars by observing
Answer
  • star tempuratures
  • binary star orbits
  • parallax shifts of stars
  • stellar flares

Question 104

Question
on a H-R diagram, most stars are located on the [blank_start]__[blank_end] [blank_start]___[blank_end].
Answer
  • main
  • sequence

Question 105

Question
the crab nebula is
Answer
  • a collapsing protostar
  • a giant molecular cloud in orion
  • i giant molecular cloud
  • a cluster of stars in the crab constellation
  • an expanding supernova remnant
  • the
  • largest globular cluster in the milky way
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