Week 2 DFT Prep - Equality, CQC, Radiography, Pilot schemes, quality assurance, GDC standard 4

According to the Equality Act 2010, how many protected characteristics are there?

What act dictates that treatment of employees should not be affected by 8 "protected" characteristics?

The treatment of employees should not be affected due to any of the following 8 protected characteristics A[blank_start]ge[blank_end] D[blank_start]isability[blank_end] Gender r[blank_start]eassignment[blank_end] M[blank_start]arriage[blank_end] and c[blank_start]ivil[blank_end] p[blank_start]artnership[blank_end] R[blank_start]ace[blank_end] R[blank_start]eligion[blank_end] or belief S[blank_start]ex[blank_end] S[blank_start]exual[blank_end] orientation [blank_start]Pregnant[blank_end] women have special protections Employers/service providers must make reasonable a[blank_start]djustments[blank_end] to the workplace to overcome b[blank_start]arriers[blank_end] experienced by d[blank_start]isabled[blank_end] people.

True or false: the CQC have the right to carry out inspections unnanounced

True or false: Comprehensive CQC inspections can be carried out unannounced

True or false: Focussed inspections by the CQC are usually in response to a specific issue or concern

True or false: Dental providers do not need to register with the CQC before they begin activities.

The CQC is an i[blank_start]ndependent[blank_end] regulatory body for health and social care services. Providers of care must satisfy CQC registration requirements. They rate providers as such: O[blank_start]utstanding[blank_end] Good Require i[blank_start]mprovement[blank_end] In[blank_start]adequate[blank_end] Rating s[blank_start]uspended[blank_end]. They ask 5 key questions during the inspection process. 1. Are they s[blank_start]afe[blank_end]? 2. Are they e[blank_start]ffective[blank_end]? 3. Are they c[blank_start]aring[blank_end]? 4. Are they well l[blank_start]ed[blank_end]? 5. Are they r[blank_start]esponsive[blank_end] to peoples n[blank_start]eeds[blank_end]?

True or false: All dental practices were given a comprehensive inspection by the CQC in 2015/2016

True or false: It is only in comprehensive inspections that the CQC ask the 5 key questions

How long does a comprehensive inspection usually take?

The CQC may take action on service providers should they identify concerns. Should this concern breach a regulation, they have enforcement powers given to them by which act?

Clinical governance is defined as: "A framework through which NHS organisations are a[blank_start]ccountable[blank_end] for continually improving the q[blank_start]uality[blank_end] of their services and safeguarding high standards of c[blank_start]are[blank_end] by creating an environment in which e[blank_start]xcellence[blank_end] in clinical care will flourish" Put simply, this means that clinical governance means that a service provider is responsible for improving their services and ensuring the services are always excellent in quality.

In the primary care dental services clinical governance document, dental radiography requirements state that procedures and policies should be in accordance with which two key documents?

Dental radiography service providers must ensure that they follow the dental radiography requirements from the Primary care dental services clinical governance documents. These are: 1. Procedures and policies are in accordance with [blank_start]IRR[blank_end] and IRMER 2. A quality a[blank_start]ssurance[blank_end] system is in place 3. X ray m[blank_start]alfunction[blank_end] plan should be stated - including management of over-exposures 4. Records of staff t[blank_start]raining[blank_end] and updates 5. X ray equipment m[blank_start]aintenance[blank_end] records

An [blank_start]excellent[blank_end] quality radiograph is given the rating [blank_start]1[blank_end]. This means there are no errors of patient preparation, exposure, positioning, processing, or film handling A [blank_start]diagnostically[blank_end] acceptable radiograph is given the rating 2. This means there are some errors of patient preparation, exposure, positioning, processing, or film handling but they do not detract from the diagnostic utility of the radiograph An unacceptable radiograph is given the [blank_start]rating 3[blank_end]. This means there are errors of preparation, exposure, positioning, processing, or film handling that render the radiograph diagnostically unacceptable.

Quality assurance in radiography ensures consistently a[blank_start]ccurate[blank_end] diagnostic information, keeping radiation doses to the patient A[blank_start]LARP[blank_end] (according to I[blank_start]RR[blank_end]). Radiographs must be prescribed and j[blank_start]ustified[blank_end], taking into account: P[blank_start]reviou[blank_end]s x rays R[blank_start]easons[blank_end] for taking radiograph Diagnostic b[blank_start]enefit[blank_end] to patient R[blank_start]adiation[blank_end] risk A[blank_start]lternative[blank_end] techniques Radiographs should be carried out in a c[blank_start]ontrolled[blank_end] area.

The target for grade 1 rated radiographs should ideally not be less than...

The target for radiographs graded 3 should not be more than...

Who should be contacted if a patient receives a dose of radiation much greater than intended?

What multiple of the intended dose is considered "much greater than intended"?

Bisphosphonates [blank_start]reduce[blank_end] bone resorption by hindering formation and function of [blank_start]osteoclasts[blank_end]. Bisphosphonates can cause bone fracture and pain. They accumulate at [blank_start]high[blank_end] sites of bone turnover e.g. the jaw and can lead to bone death due to decreased [blank_start]blood[blank_end] supply. This is known as bisphosphonate related [blank_start]osteonecrosis[blank_end] of the jaw.

To be classified as BRONJ, necrotic bone must be present in the mouth for more than how many weeks?

True or false: for diagnosis of BRONJ, a patient must have had a history of radiation.

Select all the symptoms of BRONJ

True or false: A patient should not be advised to stop taking their bisphosphonates even if they present with BRONJ

True or false: patients on bisphosphonates should avoid dental treatment

Select all the high risk BRONJ patients.

Why would cessation of bisphosphonate use not impact on a patient's risk for BRONJ following dental treatment?

True or false: even low risk patients for BRONJ should be referred to maxfacs

To reduce the chance of BRONJ, low risk patients may be treated with which of the following precautions?

If a high risk patient for BRONJ arrives at your practice for treatment, who should you ask for advice?

In what year did the first NHS pilot schemes begin?

NHS pilot schemes have shifted focus towards...

The two main paradigm shifts in the pilot NHS contracts focus on which two of the following key principles?

Renumeration models in pilot schemes reward dentists on...

Type 1 pilots remunerate dentists for providing an [blank_start]expected[blank_end] level of care based on what they were delivering prior to the pilot. This essentially means they are paid based on [blank_start]achieving[blank_end] their average target and not based on financial incentives for increased activity or patient numbers. Providing treatment that surpasses these targets [blank_start]does not[blank_end] provide any benefit to the dentist.

Type 2 pilots are remunerated based on the [blank_start]number[blank_end] of weighted capitated patients they have - capitation weighting depends on the patients age, gender, and [blank_start]deprivation[blank_end] status. The capitation payment system is intended to [blank_start]compensate[blank_end] for the average cost of care for an individual with that capitation weighting. The remuneration is dependent on the number of patients.

Type 3 pilots are remunerated based on their number of weighted capitated patients also. However; the weighted capitation payment is only for [blank_start]preventive and routine[blank_end] treatment only (i.e. band 3 treatment payments are fixed and not adjusted for with capitation weightings).

The clinical care pathway was developed for use in the pilot schemes and is based on need/risk pathways. The pathway begins with what clinical activity?

According to the clinical care pathway, which of the following are considered the four main causes of poor oral health?

The clinical care pathway developed for pilot schemes focusses on the patient's need for treatment based on their risk for the [blank_start]4[blank_end] main causes of poor oral health. A [blank_start]comprehensive[blank_end] oral health assessment will identify a patient's risk of these conditions occuring/[blank_start]progressing[blank_end] and the pathway guides clinicians to provide preventive care plans. These plans are based on a red amber green (RAG) system for risk for each of these 4 causes of poor oral health. The care plan provides a platform for [blank_start]communication[blank_end] with patients and aids in transferring [blank_start]responsibility[blank_end] for patient self care.

True or false: pilot schemes using the clinical care pathway put more onus on the clinical for responsibility over the patient's oral health status

Clinical care pathway plans based on a patients [blank_start]RAG[blank_end] risk status for dental caries, [blank_start]periodontal[blank_end] disease, tooth surface loss, and soft tissue conditions includes the following; [blank_start]Tailored[blank_end] advice to patients on their oral health and preventive actions they need to take to improve oral health information about prevention regimes implemented by the [blank_start]dental team[blank_end] - interim care management. This includes use of fluoride varnish. Suggested timing for the next [blank_start]oral health review[blank_end]

The GDC outlines a set of standards for education for their quality assurance programme. This ensures the degree is fit for purpose. These standards are: [blank_start]Patient[blank_end] protection Quality evaluation and review Student [blank_start]assessment[blank_end] Equality and diversity

A good q[blank_start]uality[blank_end] a[blank_start]ssurance[blank_end] programme is essential in practice and should cover all aspects of patient care. It should also help the practice work more e[blank_start]fficiently[blank_end] and reduce the kinds of incident that can lead to c[blank_start]omplaint[blank_end] or claim. Review practice p[blank_start]olicies[blank_end] and procedures to ensure they are fit for purpose and encourage members of staff to speak up should problems may arise

GDC standard 4: Maintaining and protecting patient c[blank_start]onfidentiality[blank_end]. This standard focusses on the patient's expectation for records to be: - Up to [blank_start]date[blank_end] - C[blank_start]lear[blank_end] - Stored s[blank_start]ecurely[blank_end] - A[blank_start]ccessible[blank_end] should they be requested

GDC Standard 4.1 Make and keep c[blank_start]ontemporaneous[blank_end], complete, and a[blank_start]ccurate[blank_end] patient records

GDC standard 4.2 Protect c[blank_start]onfidentiality[blank_end] and only use the information for the p[blank_start]urpose[blank_end] for which it was given

GDC standard 4.3 Only release information without p[blank_start]ermission[blank_end] in e[blank_start]xceptiona[blank_end]l circumstances e.g. interests of public, risk to patient. Document efforts to gain consent.

GDC standard 4.4 Ensure patients have a[blank_start]ccess[blank_end] to their records Under the data p[blank_start]rotection[blank_end] act 1998. You may charge for this.

GDC standard 4.5 Keep information s[blank_start]ecure[blank_end] at all times wether paper or electric