Question 1
Question
Complete this statement, “Number sense is linked to a complete understanding of..”.
Answer
-
Problem solving.
-
Place-value.
-
Base-ten models.
-
Basic Facts.
Question 2
Question
What statement below would represent a child that has yet grasped the knowledge of recognizing groups of ten?
Answer
-
Counts out sixteen objects and can tell you how many by counting each piece.
-
Counts out sixteen and puts the 10 in one pile and 6 in another and tells you there
are sixteen.
-
Counts out sixteen and makes two piles of eight and tells you there are sixteen.
-
Counts out sixteen and places 6 aside and tells you 10 and 6 are sixteen.
Question 3
Question
All the examples below are examples of proportional base-ten models EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Counters and cups.
-
Cubes.
-
Strips and squares.
-
Money.
Question 4
Question
What does the relational understanding of place value needs to begin with?
Answer
-
Counting by ones and saying and writing the numeral.
-
Counting by ones, making a model and saying and writing the numeral.
-
Counting by tens and ones and saying and writing the numeral.
-
Counting by tens and ones, making the model, saying and writing the numeral.
Question 5
Question
What would be a strong indication that students are ready to begin place-value grouping activities?
Answer
-
Students understand counting by ones.
-
Students have had time to experiment with showing amounts in groups of twos,
fives and agree that ten is a useful-sized group to use.
-
Students have only worked with small items that can easily be bundled together.
-
Students are able to verbalize the amounts they are grouping.
Question 6
Question
Base ten riddles engage students in what type of mathematical demonstration?
Answer
-
Part-part-whole representation.
-
Commutative representation.
-
Equivalent representation.
-
Nonproportional representation.
Question 7
Question
All of the activities below would provide opportunities for students to connect the baseten concepts with the oral number names EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Using arrays to cover up rows and columns and ask students to identify the
number name.
-
Lie out base-ten models and ask students to tell you how many tens and ones.
-
A chain of paper links is shown and students are asked to estimate how many tens
and ones.
-
Students need to show with fingers how to construct a named number.
Question 8
Question
What is the major challenge for students when learning about three-digit numbers?
Answer
-
Students are not clear on reading a number with an internal zero in place.
-
A different process is used than how students learned with two-digit numbers.
-
Students are not competent with two-digit number names.
-
An instructional process that values quick recall and response.
Question 9
Question
Place-value mats provide a method for organizing base-ten materials. What would be the purpose of using two ten-frames in the ones place?
Answer
-
Show the left-to-right order of numbers.
-
Show how numbers are built.
-
Show that there is no need for regrouping.
-
Show that there is no need for repeated counting.
Question 10
Question
What mathematical representation would help students identify patterns and number relationships?
Question 11
Question
What is the valuable feature of what hundred charts and ten-frame cards demonstrate?
Answer
-
The meaning behind the individual digits.
-
The identity of the digit in the ones place and in the tens place.
-
The distance to the next multiple of ten.
-
The importance of place-value.
Question 12
Question
The multiplicative structure of a number would help students in acquiring skill in all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Writing numbers greater than 100.
-
Reading large numbers.
-
Knowing ten in any position means a single thing.
-
Generalizing structure of number system.
Question 13
Question
The ideas below would give students opportunities to see and make connections to numbers in the real world. The statements below identify examples that would engage students with large benchmark numbers EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Measurements and numbers discovered on a field trip.
-
Number of milk cartons sold in a week at an elementary school.
-
Number of seconds in a month.
-
Measurement of students’ height in second grade.
Question 14
Question
The mathematical language we use when introducing base-ten words is important to the development of the ideas. Identify the statement that consistently connects to the standard approach.
Answer
-
Sixty-nine.
-
Nine ones and 6 tens
-
6 tens and 9.
-
6 tens and 9 ones.
Question 15
Question
The statement below are all helpful when guiding students to conceptualize numbers with 4 or more digits EXCEPT;
Answer
-
Students should be able to generalize the idea that 10 in any one position of the
number result in one single thing in the next bigger place.
-
Because these numbers are so large, teachers should just use the examples
provided in the mathematics textbook.
-
Models of the unit cubes can still be used.
-
Students should be given the opportunity to work with hands-on, real-life
examples of them.
Question 16
Question
What is the primary reason for delaying the use of nonproportional models when introducing place-value concepts?
Answer
-
Models do not physically represent 10 times larger than the one.
-
Models like abacus are hard to learn how to use.
-
Models like money provide more conceptual than procedural knowledge.
-
Models do not engage the students as much as the proportional models.
Question 17
Question
As students become more confident with the use of place value models they can represent them with a semi-concrete notations like square-line-dot. What number would be represented by 16 lines, 11 dots and 5 squares?
Question 18
Question
Three section place-value mats can help students see the left to right order of the pieces.
What statement below would correctly depict 705?
Answer
-
7 hundred blocks and 5 tens.
-
7 hundred blocks and 0 tens.
-
7 hundred blocks and 0 units.
-
7 hundred blocks and 5 units.
Question 19
Question
A calculator activity that is good assessment to see whether students really understand the value of digits is titled “Digit Change”. Students must change one number without putting in the new number. What place value would a student need to know in order to change 315 to 295?
Answer
-
Ones.
-
Tens.
-
Hundreds.
-
Tens and ones.
Question 20
Question
The statements below are true of patterns and relationships on a hundreds chart EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Count by tens going down the far-right hand column.
-
Starting at 11 and moving down diagonally you can find the same number in the
ones and tens place.
-
Starting at the 10 and moving down diagonally the numbers increase by ten.
-
In a column the first number (tens digit) counts or goes up by ones as you move
down.
Question 21
Question
Modern technology has made computation easier. Identify the true statement below
Answer
-
But mental computation strategies can be faster than using technology.
-
And recent studies have found that a very low percentage of adults use mental
math computation in everyday life.
-
And mental computation contributes to diminished number sense.
-
So the ability to compute fluently without technology is no longer needed for
most people.
Question 22
Question
All of the following provide an example of a method used for computation EXCEPT:
Question 23
Question
One of the statements below would NOT be considered a benefit of invented strategies.
Answer
-
They require one specific set of steps to use them, which makes them easier to
memorize.
-
They help reduce the amount of needed re-teaching.
-
Students develop stronger number sense.
-
They are frequently more efficient than standard algorithms
Question 24
Question
Which of the following is a true statement about standard algorithms?
Answer
-
Students will frequently invent them on their own if they are given the time to experiment.
-
They cannot be taught in a way that would help students understand the meaning
behind the steps.
-
In order to use them, students should be required to understand why they work
and explain their steps
-
There are no differences between various cultures.
Question 25
Question
Complete the statement, “When creating a classroom environment appropriate for inventing strategies..”.
Answer
-
The teacher should immediately confirm that a student’s answer is correct, in
order to build his/her confidence.
-
The teacher should attempt to move unsophisticated ideas to more sophisticated
thinking through coaching and questioning.
-
The teacher should discourage student-to-student conversations in order to
provide students with a quiet environment to think.
-
The teacher should encourage the use of naked numbers as a starting point.
Question 26
Question
Cultural differences are evident in algorithms. What reason below supports teaching formathematics?
Answer
-
Notational algorithms.
-
Customary algorithms.
-
Mental algorithms.
-
Invented algorithms.
Question 27
Question
The models listed below are used to support the development of invented strategies EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Jump strategy.
-
Split strategy
-
Take-away strategy
-
Shortcut strategy
Question 28
Question
An open number can be used effectively for thinking about addition and subtraction. All of the reasons below support the use of an open number line EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Is less flexible than a numbered line.
-
Eliminates confusion with hash marks and spaces.
-
Less prone to computational errors.
-
Helps with modeling student thinking.
Question 29
Question
The ten-structure of the number system is important to extend students thinking beyond counting. All of the activities below reference a strategy for calculation EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Using decade number.
-
Odd or even.
-
Up over 10.
-
Add on to get to 10.
Question 30
Question
All of the following could be examples of invented strategies for obtaining the sum of two-digit numbers EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Adding on tens and then ones (For example, to solve 24 + 35, think 24 + 30 = 54
and 5 more makes 59.)
-
Using nicer numbers to estimate (For example, to solve 24 + 47, think 24 is close
to 25 and 47 is closer to 45 so 24 + 47 = 25 + 45 = 70.)
-
Moving some to make 10 (For example, to solve 24 + 35, move 6 from 35 to
make 24 + 6 and then add 30 to the remaining 29.)
-
Adding tens and adding ones then combining (For example, to solve 24 + 35,
think 20 + 30 = 50 and 4 + 5 = 9 so 50 + 9 = 59.)
Question 31
Question
Students who have learned this strategy for their “basic facts” can use it effectively with solving problems with multidigit numbers.
Answer
-
Jump strategy.
-
Shortcut strategy.
-
Think addition strategy.
-
Split strategy.
Question 32
Question
When a problem has a number that is a multiple of ___ or close to ___it is an example of
a problem that you leave one number intact and subtract from it.
Answer
-
85 – 35
-
85 – 64
-
85 – 29
-
85 - 56
Question 33
Question
There are important things to remember when teaching the standard algorithm. Identify
the statement that does not belong.
Answer
-
Good choice in some situations.
-
Require written record first.
-
Require concrete models first.
-
Explicit connections are made between concept and procedure.
Question 34
Question
The general approach for teaching the subtraction standard algorithm is the same as addition. What statement below would not be a problem when using the standard algorithm for addition?
Question 35
Question
The following statements are true regarding computational estimation EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Use the language of estimation- about, close, just about.
-
Focus on flexible methods.
-
Focus on answers.
-
Accept a range of estimates.
Question 36
Question
What strategy for computational estimation after adding or subtracting do you adjust to correct for digits or numbers that were ignored?
Answer
-
Front-end.
-
Rounding
-
Compatible numbers.
-
Over and under.
Question 37
Question
Complete the statement, “A mental computation strategy is a simple..”.
Answer
-
Left-handed method.
-
Invented strategy.
-
Standard algorithm.
-
One right way.
Question 38
Question
Often siblings and family members are pushing the use of the standard algorithm while students are learning invented strategies. What is the course of action for a teacher?
Answer
-
Insist on invented strategies.
-
Require students demonstrate both standard and invented strategies.
-
Expect them to be responsible for the explanation of why any strategy works.
-
Memorize the steps
Question 39
Question
All of the statements below represent the differences between invented strategies and standard algorithms EXCEPT:
Answer
-
A range of flexible options.
-
Left-handed rather than right-handed.
-
Number oriented rather than digit oriented.
-
Basis for mental computation and estimation.
Question 40
Question
The Common Core State Standards states that student should learn a variety of strategies. These strategies should be based on all of the following EXCEPT:
Question 41
Question
Representing a product of two factors may depend on the methods student experienced. What representation of 37 x 5 below would indicate that the student had worked with base-ten?
Answer
-
An array with 5 x 30 and 5 x 7.
-
5 groups of 30 lines and 5 groups of 7 dots.
-
5 circles with 37 items in each.
-
37 + 37 + 37 + 37 + 37 + 37 + 37.
Question 42
Question
What invented strategy is represented by a student multiplying 58 x 6 by adding 58 + 58 to get 116 and then adding another 116 to get 232 and then adding another 116 to find the product of 348.
Answer
-
Partitioning.
-
Clusters.
-
Complete number.
-
Compensation.
Question 43
Question
What invented strategy is just like the standard algorithm except that students always
begin with the largest values?
Answer
-
Partitioning.
-
Clusters.
-
Complete number.
-
Compensation.
Question 44
Question
What compensation strategy works when you are multiplying with 5 or 50?
Question 45
Question
What statement below describes the cluster problem approach for multidigit multiplication?
Answer
-
Encourages the use of known facts and combinations.
-
Encourages the manipulation of only one of the factors.
-
Encourages the use of an open array.
-
Encourages the use of fair sharing.
Question 46
Question
This model uses and a structure that automatically organizes proportionate equal groups and offers a visual demonstration of the commutative and distributive properties.
Answer
-
Clusters.
-
Missing Factor.
-
Area.
-
Open array.
Question 47
Question
When developing the written record for multiplication computation it is helpful to encourage students to follow these suggestions EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Use sheets with base-ten columns.
-
Record partial products
-
Record the combined product on one line
-
Mark the subdivisions of the factors.
Question 48
Question
Division may be easier for students if they are familiar with the concepts. All of the statements below are related to division of whole numbers EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Partitioning
-
Fair sharing.
-
Compensating.
-
Repeated subtracting.
Question 49
Question
Cluster problems are an approach to developing the missing-factor strategy and capitalize on the inverse relationship between multiplication and division. All of equations below represent clusters that would help solve 381 divided by 72 EXCEPT:
Answer
-
81 x 70
-
10 x 72
-
5 x 70
-
4 x 72
Question 50
Question
Which of the following is a strategy that is more applicable for multiplying single digits than multidigits?
Answer
-
Compatible numbers
-
Doubling
-
Partitioning.
-
Complete number.
Question 51
Question
Which is an example of the compensation strategy?
Answer
-
63 × 5 = 63 + 63 + 63 + 63 + 63 = 315
-
27 × 4 = 20 × 4 + 7 × 4 = 80 + 28 = 108
-
46 × 3 = 46 × 2 (double) + 46 = 92 + 46 = 138
-
27 × 4 is about 30 (27 + 3) × 4 = 120; then subtract out the extra 3 × 4, so 120 –12
= 108
Question 52
Question
Identify the statement that represents what might be voiced when using the missing-factor strategy.
Answer
-
When no more tens can be distributed a ten is traded for ten ones.
-
Seven goes into three hundred forty-five how many times?
-
What number times seven will be close to three hundred forty-five with less than
seven remaining?
-
Split three hundred forty-five into 3 hundred, four tens and five ones.
Question 53
Question
Developing the standard algorithm for division teachers should used all of the following
guides EXCEPT:
Question 54
Question
An intuitive idea about long division with two digit divisors is to round up the divisor. All of examples below support this idea EXCEPT:
Answer
-
Think about sharing base-ten pieces.
-
Underestimate how many can be shared.
-
Pretend there are fewer sets to share than there really are
-
Multiples of 10 are easier to compare.
Question 55
Question
One strategy for teaching computational estimation is to ask for information, but no answer. Which statement below would be an example of NOT gathering information?
Answer
-
Is it more or less that 1000?
-
Is it between $400 and $700?
-
Is one of these right?
-
Is your estimate about how much?
Question 56
Question
What is the purpose of using a side bar chart in multidigit division?
Answer
-
Easier to come up with the actual answer.
-
Uses a doubling strategy for considering the reasonableness of an answer
-
Increases the mental computation needed to find the answer.
-
Uses the explicit trade notation.
Question 57
Question
What is the reason why mental calculations estimates are more complex?
Answer
-
They require a deep knowledge of how numbers work.
-
They require a solid knowledge of division procedures.
-
They require a deep knowledge of partitioning.
-
They require a solid knowledge of multiplication procedures.
Question 58
Question
A number line can be helpful with teaching this estimation strategy.
Answer
-
Front end.
-
Compatible
-
Rounding.
-
Mental computation.