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Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
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Resource summary
Slide 1
Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
Slide 2
Dr Jekyll
Caption: : Dr Jekyll with a potion
Jekyll is a doctor and experimental scientist.
He is wealthy and respectable.
He has been a sociable person in the past, with a circle of friends including the lawyer, Utterson, and another doctor, Lanyon.
During the course of the novel his behaviour becomes increasingly erratic.
His
will states that if he disappears he leaves everything to Hyde. His
oldest friend, Utterson, knows nothing of Hyde and urges Jekyll to
change his will. He fears Hyde has a mysterious, perhaps criminal, hold
over Jekyll, and that Hyde might murder him to benefit from the will.
In
the last chapter we learn that Jekyll has been carrying out experiments
to separate his personality (the 'evil' part embodied in Hyde) from his
higher nature. Hyde eventually becomes more powerful and takes over.
Slide 3
Mr Hyde
Caption: : Mr Edward Hyde
He is described as small ('dwarfish') and young.
People
react with horror and fear when they see him. But there is no single
thing about him that is especially unpleasant; it is as if his spirit
affects people.
He is violent, and has no sense of guilt about
his crimes. In Chapter 1, Hyde assaults a young girl, and in Chapter 4
he beats an elderly gentleman to death. He has no motive for either of
these attacks.
His appearances in the novel are always brief.
People only catch impressions of him, before he vanishes into the dark
or behind a door.
Hyde is very secretive.
Slide 4
Mr Utterson
Caption: : Mr Utterson
Utterson is an old friend of Jekyll, and his lawyer.
He
is calm and rational, just as lawyers are supposed to be. Rather like a
scientist, his approach in life is to weigh up the evidence.
Utterson
is 'a lover of the sane and customary sides of life'. Stevenson
probably uses him to represent the attitudes of the average reader of
his time.
His sense of shock and horror when he first meets
Hyde is, by contrast to his normal reaction to things, irrational: 'not
all these points together could explain the hitherto unknown disgust,
loathing and fear with which Mr Utterson regarded him.'
He
spends much of the novel trying to advise and help Jekyll, giving advice
about his will and avoiding Hyde, and trying to help him when he shuts
himself in his room. Jekyll recognises that he is a good friend, but
rejects all his offers of help.
Slide 5
Richard Enfield
Caption: : Richard Enfield
A distant relative of Utterson, Enfield is a well-known man about town and the complete opposite to Utterson.
Slide 6
Richard Poole
Caption: : Richard Poole
He is Jekyll's man servant.
Poole appears briefly in the novel from time to time, notably when Utterson goes to visit Jekyll.
In
Chapter 8, he goes to Utterson's house to report the strange goings on
in Jekyll's house. He helps Utterson to break down the door.
ekyll’s
butler. Mr. Poole is a loyal servant, having worked for the doctor
for twenty years, and his concern for his master eventually drives
him to seek Utterson’s help when he becomes convinced that something
has happened to Jekyll.
Slide 7
Mr Guest
Mr Guest is Utterson's secretary and a handwriting expert. In Chapter 5,
he comments on the remarkable similarity between Jekyll and Hyde's
handwriting.Guest notices that Hyde's script is the same
as Jekyll's, but slanted the other way. Sir Danvers Carew - A well-liked
old nobleman, a member of Parliament, and a client of Utterson.
Caption: : Mr Guest
Slide 8
Dr Jekyll and Dr Lanyon were close friend, however when Dr Jekyll got intreteted about spepraing the bad from the good.Lanyon is questioned keenly by Utterson about Jekyll, but Lanyon will
say nothing definite, just that Jekyll is interested in the perverse
aspects of science, and for that reason, he is no longer friends with
him.Dr lanyon became termanly after seen the transformation of Mr Hyde to Dr Jekyll.
Dr Lanyon
Slide 9
Summary of all ten chapters
Chapter 1 – Story of the Door
Utterson and Enfield are out for a walk when
they pass a strange-looking door (the entrance to Dr Jekyll's laboratory).
Enfield recalls a story involving the door. In the early hours of one winter
morning, he says, he saw a man trampling on a young girl. He pursued the man
and brought him back to the scene of the crime. (The reader later learns that
the man is Mr Hyde.)
A crowd gathered and, to avoid a scene, the
man offered to pay the girl compensation. This was accepted, and he opened the
door with a key and re-emerged with some money and a large cheque.
Utterson is very interested in the case and
asks whether Enfield is certain Hyde used a key to open the door. Enfield is
sure he did.
Chapter 2 – Search for Hyde
That evening the lawyer, Utterson, is troubled
by what he has heard. He takes the will of his friend Dr Jekyll from his safe.
It contains a worrying instruction: in the event of Dr Jekyll's disappearance,
all his possessions are to go to Mr Hyde.
Utterson decides to visit Dr Lanyon, an old
friend of his and Dr Jekyll's. Lanyon has never heard of Hyde, and not seen
Jekyll for ten years. That night Utterson has terrible nightmares.
He starts watching the door (which belongs to
Dr Jekyll's old laboratory) at all hours, and eventually sees Hyde unlocking
it. Utterson is shocked by the sense of evil coming from him.
Utterson goes next door to warn his friend,
Jekyll, against Hyde, but is told by the servant, Poole, that Jekyll is out and
the servants have all been instructed by Jekyll to obey Hyde.
Utterson is worried that Hyde may kill Jekyll
to benefit from the will.
Slide 10
Summary #2
Chapter 3 – Dr Jekyll was Quite at EaseTwo weeks later, following a dinner party with
friends at Jekyll's house, Utterson stays behind to talk to him about the will.
Jekyll laughs off Utterson's worries,
comparing them to Lanyon's 'hidebound' (conventional and unadventurous)
attitude to medical science. The reader now sees why Lanyon and Jekyll have
fallen out, and starts to understand that Jekyll's behaviour has become
unusual.
Utterson persists with the subject of the
will. Jekyll hints at a strange relationship between himself and Hyde. Although
he trusts Utterson, Jekyll refuses to reveal the details. He asks him, as his
lawyer not his friend, to make sure the will is carried out. He reassures him
that 'the moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr Hyde'.
Chapter 4 – The Carew Murder Case
Nearly a year later, an elderly gentleman is
brutally clubbed to death in the street by Hyde. The murder is witnessed by a
maid who recognises Hyde.
A letter addressed to Utterson is found on the
body and the police contact him. He recognises the murder weapon as the broken
half of a walking cane he gave to Jekyll years earlier. When he hears that the
murderer is Hyde, he offers to lead the police to his house.
They are told that Hyde has not been at home
for two months. But when they search the house they find the other half of the
murder weapon, a semi-burnt cheque book and signs of a hasty exit.
Slide 11
Summary #3
Chapter 5 – The Incident of the Letter
Utterson goes to Jekyll's house and finds him
'looking deadly sick'. He asks whether he is hiding Hyde. Jekyll assures him he
will never see or hear of Hyde again. He shows Utterson a letter from Hyde that
indicates this. Jekyll also hints that it was Hyde who forced him to write his
will which assures Utterson he was right in thinking Hyde wanted to murder
Jekyll.
Utterson asks Guest, his head clerk, to compare
the handwriting on the letter to that on an invitation from Jekyll. There is a
resemblance between the two, though with a different slope. Utterson believes
Jekyll has forged the letter in Hyde's handwriting to cover his escape.
Chapter 6 – Remarkable Incident of Dr Lanyon
The police cannot find Hyde. Coincidentally,
Jekyll seems happier and, for two months, he socialises again.
Suddenly, however, he appears depressed and will not see Utterson. Utterson
visits Dr Lanyon to discuss their friend's health, but finds Lanyon on his
death-bed.
Lanyon refuses to discuss Jekyll who, he hints, is the cause of his illness.
Trying to find out what has happened, Utterson writes to Jekyll. He receives a
reply which suggests Jekyll has fallen into a very disturbed state and talks of
being 'under a dark influence’.
Lanyon dies and leaves a letter for Utterson in an envelope marked 'not to be
opened till the death or disappearance of Dr Henry Jekyll'. Utterson, being a good
lawyer, locks it away unopened in his safe.
Utterson tries to revisit Jekyll several
times, but his servant, Poole, says he is living in isolation in his laboratory
and will not see anyone.
Slide 12
Summary #4
Chapter 7 - Utterson and Enfield are taking one of their walks, as at the
opening of the book. They pass Jekyll's window and see him looking like a
prisoner in solitary confinement. Utterson calls out to him and Jekyll replies,
but his face suddenly freezes in an expression of ‘abject terror and despair'.
The change in Jekyll's expression is so sudden
and horrible it 'froze the very blood of the two gentlemen below’ and they
depart in silence.
Chapter 8 – The Last Night
One evening, Jekyll's servant comes to Utterson and asks him to
come to Jekyll's house. They go to the laboratory, but the door is locked. The
voice from inside does not sound like Jekyll's and both men believe it is Hyde.
Poole says the voice has for days been crying out for a
particular chemical to be brought, but the chemicals given have been rejected
as 'not pure'.
Poole says that earlier he caught a glimpse of a person in the
lab who looked scarcely human.
They break down the door and inside find a body, twitching. In
its hand are the remains of a test tube (or vial). The body is smaller than
Jekyll's but wearing clothes that would fit him.
On the table is a will dated that day which leaves everything to
Utterson, with Hyde's name crossed out. There is also a package containing
Jekyll's 'confession' and a letter asking Utterson to read Dr Lanyon's letter
which he left after his death (in chapter
6) and is now in Utterson's safe.
Utterson tells Poole he will return before midnight, when he has
read all the documents.
Slide 13
Summary #5
Chapter 9
– Dr Lanyon’s Narrative
Chapter 9 lists the contents of Dr Lanyon's letter. It tells of
how Lanyon received a letter from Jekyll asking him to collect a drawer
containing chemicals, a vial and a notebook from Jekyll's laboratory and to
give it to a man who would call at midnight.
Lanyon says he was curious, especially as the book contained
some strange entries.
At midnight a man appears. He is small and grotesque, wearing
clothes that are too large for him.
The man offers to take the chemicals away, or to drink the
potion.
Lanyon accepts and, before his very eyes, Hyde transforms into
none other than Dr Jekyll.
In horror at what he has witnessed, Lanyon becomes seriously
ill.
Chapter 10 – Henry Jekyll’s Full Statement of the Case
Jekyll tells the story of how he turned into Hyde.
It began as scientific curiosity in the duality of human nature
(or the good and evil), and his attempt to destroy the 'darker self'.
Eventually, however, he became addicted to the character of Hyde, who increasingly
took over and destroyed him.
The novel does not return to Utterson who, at the end of Chapter
8, was going to return to Jekyll's house.
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