13533727
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Kathleen Cohen, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Kathleen Cohen
vor mehr als 6 Jahre
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Mitosis & Meiosis
- Mitosis
- Mitosis enables repair, growth
and development
- used in asexual reproduction
- produces cells with identical
number of chromosomes and
genetic information (46 in humans)
- results in 2 daughter cells, each identical
to the parent (clones)
- only one round of cellular division and genetic
separation
- daughter cells are diploid (2 sets of chromosomes = 46)
- stages of mitosis
- stage 1: Prophase - contains twice as
many chromosomes as before. The
chromosomes become shorter and
thicker. They each move to the opposite
end of the cell
- stage 2: Metaphase - each chromatid pair
becomes attached by their centromeres
to spindle fibres. Then all chromatid pairs
are lined up in the middle of the cell
- stage 3: Anaphase - the centromeres split
and the two chromatids of each double
chromosome separate. The chromatids
of each pair then dragged to the
opposite ends of the cell
- Interphase:
where the cell
spends most of
its life living,
growing and
producing
proteins
- stage 4: Telophase: the group of chromatids
assemble at the ends of the cell. The spindle
fibres disintegrate and a nuclear envelope
forms around the chromosomes at each end.
A crease (called a cleavage) forms in the
middle of the cell and the cell then splits by a
process called cytokinesis.
- two new identical cells, called daughter cells, are formed
- stage 1: Prophase - contains twice as
many chromosomes as before. The
chromosomes become shorter and
thicker. They each move to the opposite
end of the cell
- Mitosis enables repair, growth
and development
- Meiosis
- for the production of sex cells
- produces gametes for sexual
reproduction
- produces daughter cells with half
the number of chromosomes of the
parent (23 in humans)
- 2 rounds of genetic separation and cellular division
- daughter cells re not genetically identical to the parent cells
- daughter cells are haploid (half of a set of chromosomes)
- occurs in testes and ovaries
- daughter cells have homologous pairs of chromosomes
- for the production of sex cells
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