Jerome Bruner

Jerome Bruner

His Life
1. American Psychologist born in 1915 in New York City.
2. Studied at Harvard University in (1941)
His Theory
1. believes children will only develop to their full potential with the help of adults and peers, gradually becomes less frequent as it is no longer needed
  1. "Learning, he suggest, is about experiences: doing things, hearing stories, meeting new ideas, getting to know about yourself and others" Overall (2007,pg76)
2. Scaffolding
  1. framework in which adults/peers provide to enable a child cognitively, aims to help a child achieve a specific goal
    1. TAs can play a vital role in this
  2. Similar to the ideas and research carried out by Vygotsky
  3. He believed that providing a new experience should be repeated and developed upon
3. What he believed (myenglishpages 2011)
  1. Learning is an active process
  2. Learners make appropriate decisions and test the effectiveness of different outcomes
    1. be aware of children's learning styles and learning modes (Symbolic,Iconic and Enactive) which will help you plan and prepare appropriate resources and activities that meet the needs of children
  3. Learners use prior experiences to fit new information into existing structures
    1. Spiral curriculum, introduction of levels: developing on skills that already exsist
  4. Building on and revisiting ideas until learners grasp the formal concept
    1. Letters and sounds Intervention: : fisher phase 3 Daily Rountines within the classroom (Timetable)
  5. Although extrinsic motivation may work short term, intrinsic motivation has more value
    1. -Rewards (Merits, golden time etc) -feedback on work, positive and improvements -Displaying childrens work
    2. ''experience success and failure not as reward and punishment, but information''(Bruner 1961 ,pg 26)
4. 'the purpose of education is not to impart knowledge but to facilitate a child's thinking and problem solving skills'(simply psychology, 2012)
3 modes of Representation
1. Enactive (0-1years) the stage which refers to learning through your actions. e.g a baby remembering the movement of a rattle
2. Iconic (1-6 years) this stage refers to learners using pictures and models for their learning
  1. -Visual resources -Displays
3. Symbolic Stage refers to the development of the ability to think in different terms e.g.. to ensure they have fixed relation to which they represent

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