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GCSE AQA Biology 3 The Breathing System
- The lungs
- Are in the thorax -
top part of your body
- Separated from lower part of
body (abdomen) by diaphragm
- Separated from lower part of
body (abdomen) by diaphragm
- Lungs are big, pink sponges
- protected by ribcage
- Air breathed in goes into trachea which
splits into 2 tubes called bronchi...
- ...which are split into smaller tubes called bronchioles
which end at alveoli (where gas exchange happens)
- ...which are split into smaller tubes called bronchioles
which end at alveoli (where gas exchange happens)
- Are in the thorax -
top part of your body
- Ventilation is...
- ...breathing in
- 1) Intercostal muscles
& diaphragm contract
Anmerkungen:
- Muscles between ribs pull ribcage & sternum up & out, diaphragm flattens out
- 2) Thorax volume increases
- 3) Pressure decreases,
drawing air in
- 3) Pressure decreases,
drawing air in
- 1) Intercostal muscles
& diaphragm contract
- ...breathing out
- 1) Intercostal muscles
& diaphragm relax
Anmerkungen:
- Ribcage and sternum drop in & down
- 2) Thorax volume
decreases
- 3) Pressure increases, forcing air out
- 3) Pressure increases, forcing air out
- 1) Intercostal muscles
& diaphragm relax
- ...breathing in
- Artificial ventilators
- Machines that move air into/out of lungs -
help people who can't breathe by themselves
- In the past, they used to be giant case (iron
lung) - air was pumped out of case so pressure
dropped, lungs expanded & air was drawn in
- Air pumped in had opposite effect, air was forced out of lungs
- Could interfere with blood flow to lower body
- Could interfere with blood flow to lower body
- Air pumped in had opposite effect, air was forced out of lungs
- Nowadays, ventilators work by
pumping air into lungs - expands
ribcage, when they stop pumping
ribcage relaxes, pushing air out
- Don't interfere with blood
flow but can cause
damage (e.g. burst alveoli)
- Don't interfere with blood
flow but can cause
damage (e.g. burst alveoli)
- In the past, they used to be giant case (iron
lung) - air was pumped out of case so pressure
dropped, lungs expanded & air was drawn in
- Machines that move air into/out of lungs -
help people who can't breathe by themselves
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