BLOOD

BLOOD

Leukocytes
1. Granulocyte
  1. Neutrophil
    1. nucleus
      1. Old: Lobulated/Segmented nucleus
      2. Young: U shaped Nucleus>Band Cell
      3. Accessory lobe
        Barr Body in female
    2. Granules
      1. Azurophilic (primary)
      2. Specific (secondary)
      3. Tertiary
    3. Myeloperoxidase (green color)
      1. pus(หนอง)
      2. Mucous
      3. Buffy coat
    4. Phagocyte
  2. Eosinophil
    1. Bilobed nucleus
    2. Eosinophilic granules
      1. Horse: bright red granules เต็ม cytoplasm
    3. Phagocyte
    4. Eo+Mast+Basophilic--> allergy&asthma
    5. Eosinophilia - pararsitic infestation
  3. Basophil
    1. Bilobed or irregular shaped nucleus
    2. Basophilic granules
    3. dark blue-purple stained
    4. Involved in inflammatory, allergic
    5. Produce
      1. Histamine
      2. Heparin
2. Agranulocyte
  1. Lymphocyte
    1. Dark stain nucleus (เข้มสุด)
    2. Large round nucleus
    3. SHAPE
      1. Small
      2. Large
        Large granular lymphocyte
        Natural Killer cell
    4. DUTY
      1. T-cell
        Helper (CD4)
        Cytotoxic (CD8)
        Memory
        Pegulatory
      2. B-cell
        Plasma (antibody)
        Memory
      3. Natural Killer cell
  2. Monocyte
    1. Largest WBC
    2. Kidney shaped nucleus
    3. Phagocyte
    4. Store in spleen 50%
    5. Vacuoles
Platelets
1. No nucleus
2. Fragment of Megakaryocyte
3. 3 steps to stop bleeding
  1. 1)adhesion
  2. 2)activation
  3. 3)aggregation
4. concentration
  1. Low: Thromcocytopenia
  2. High: Thrombocytosis
Erythrocytes
1. Erythropoieses (build)
  1. Bone Marrow
2. Eryptosis (destroy)
  1. spleen
  2. liver
  3. lymph node
3. Stucture
  1. No nucleus
  2. Biconcaved disk
  3. lifespan: 120 days
  4. Heme = Iron+Bilirubin (yellow)
4. Delivering
  1. Hemoglobin + O2 = Oxyhemoglobin (red)
  2. Hemoglobin wuthout O2 = Deoxyhemoglobin (dark red)
  3. Hemoglobin + CO = Carboxyhemoglobin (bright red)
5. Effects of osmolarity to RBC
6. Rouleaux formation
  1. Cause: high plasma protein
  2. Result: Upper erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
7. Abnormal
  1. Anisocytosis
    1. Macrocyte
    2. Microcyte
  2. Poikilocytosis
    1. Hypochromasia
    2. Basophilic stippling
Preparing thin film blood smear
1. Romanowsky dye: Wright's stain, Giemsa

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	Erstellt von Chutikan Srisang vor etwa 9 Jahre