GCSE PE - 5 | Mindmap

GCSE PE - 5

How to Prevent Injury
1. Warm-up and cool-down practices
2. Understand the rules of the game.
3. Wear correct clothing and footwear and protective clothing and equipment for different sports.
4. Balance competition terms, i.e. grading, weight, sex, age and skill levels
DR ABC
1. Danger
  1. Response
    1. Airway
      1. Breathing
        Circulation
First Aid
1. Conscious - make them comfortable, check airway and if they are breathing, check circulation and check for injury.
  1. Breathing - keep in recovery position, check airway and if they are breathing, check circulation and check for injury.
    1. Pulse Present - Keep them on their back, continue M.M.V (mouth to mouth ventilation) and check pulse and breathing.
2. Unconscious - Put them into the recovery position, clear their airway and tilt their head, look, listen and feel for breathing.
  1. Not Breathing - Put them on their back, start mouth to mouth ventilation, give 2 full breaths and then check circulation.
    1. Pulse Absent - start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and check pulse and breathing.
Recovery Position
1. When a person is unconscious we place them in the recovery position to prevent them from :-
  1. 1. Being Sick
    1. 2. Choking
      1. 3. Their tongue falling back and blocking their airway.
2. After placing a person in the recovery position, dial 999 for help.
3. You have to keep checking their breathing every 2-3 minutes until help arrives.
Hard Tissue Injuries
1. Fractures and Dislocations
  1. Fractures - Break in the bone.
    1. Simple (closed) fracture - bone stays under the skin.
    2. Compound (open) fracture - bone breaks through the
  2. Dislocations - Bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position.
    1. Also could be possible ligament damage around the joint. Could be caused by strong force wrenching the bone.
      1. Eg. Rugby Tackle.
  3. Stress Fractures - Small cracks in the bone, often an overuse injury and caused by running too much in a hard surface.
    1. Use ice to reduce inflammation.
      1. Get immediate rest.
        Keep fit doing other activities.
        Check footwear for problems.
Soft Tissue Injuries
1. Includes:- sprains, strains, cartilage damage, tendon and ligament damage, minor injuries (cuts, grazes and bruises).
2. Treatment is R.I.C.E
  1. Rest - Rest the injured part to prevent further injury.
    1. Ice - Apply ice or a cold compress to reduce blood flow, pain and swelling.
      1. Compression - Compress the injury to reduce bleeding and swelling.
        Elevation - Elevate the injured part to reduce bleeding, swelling and throbbing.

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GCSE PE - 5

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