GCSE PE - 7 | Mindmap

GCSE PE - 7

Heart
1. Heart Rate
  1. (HR)
    1. The amount of beats per minute.
2. Stroke Volume
  1. (SV)
    1. The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat.
3. Cardiac Output
  1. (CO)
    1. The amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.
4. CO = SV x HR
Respiratory System
1. Oxygen Debt
  1. The shortfall of oxygen to the body after maximum effort/anaerobic exercise, resulting in deep and shallow breathing.
2. Vital Capacity
  1. The maximum amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after breathing in as much air as possible.
3. Tidal Volume
  1. The amount of air breathed in or out at rest.
4. Anaerobic (without oxygen)
  1. Glucose + Oxygen >> Carbon Dioxide, Water, Energy, Lactic Acid
5. Aerobic (with oxygen)
  1. Glucose + Oxygen >> Carbon Dioxide, Water, Energy
6. The function is to get Oxygen into the body and remove Carbon Dioxide from the body.
Mechanism of Breathing
1. Inspiration
  1. Our diaphragm pull down.
    1. Our intercostal muscles contract.
      1. Air pressure is reduced.
        Air is sucked through the tubes into our lungs.
        Our Chest Expands.
        Inhaled Air
        79% Nitrogen, 20% Oxygen and a trace amount of Carbon Dioxide.
2. Expiration
  1. Our diaphragm relaxes.
    1. Our intercostal muscles relax.
      1. Our chest becomes smaller.
        Pressure increases on the lungs.
        Air is forced out.
        Exhaled Air
        79% Nitrogen, 16% Oxgen and 4% Carbon Dioxide.
Lactic Acid
1. Lactic acid is a bi-product of exercise. A build up of this can inhibit performance and cause pain, discomfort and fatigue.
2. It occurs in the anaerobic system because without the presence of oxygen, 'Pyruvic Acid' turns the 'Lactic Acid'.
3. Cooling down properly with stretching helps the lactic acid be removed and prevents aching muscles after the exercise.

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GCSE PE - 7

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