Science Midterm

Scientific Method
1. Steps:
  1. Purpose
    1. Research
      1. Hypothesis
        Design the exparement
        Analysis
        Conclusion
        Read science Fair packet for correct way to write each in report
Chapter 21-Substances, mixtures, and soulubility
1. Differences between substances and mixtures
  1. Substances
    1. Combounds and elements
  2. Mixtures
    1. A Mixture of substances
      1. Homogeneous mixtures
        Also Known as solotions
        cannot see different materials Mixed to molecular scale
        can be seperated by chemical means
      2. Heterogeneous mixtures
        Can see different substances
        Can be seperated by phisical means
2. Solution
  1. Solutes
    1. Substances that dissoves
  2. Solvents
    1. Dissolves Solutes
      1. The larger amount in Solution
        State of matter of solution is usually same as the solvent
3. Aqueous solutions have water as the solvent
4. Water Molucule
  1. Water is a Molecular compound
    1. It can dissolve both ionic and molecular compound
      1. it dissolve molecular compounds as a group when it dissolves ionic bond atom by atom
5. Solubility
  1. Measure of how much of a solute can dissolve in a certin amount of solvent
    1. Solid - Liquid Solution
      1. when temp. increases the solubiliy increases
    2. Gas- liquid solutions
      1. When temp. increase the solubiltiy decrease
        When Pressure increases solubility decreases
    3. Saturated solutions
      1. a Solution that holds the total amount of solute that can be hold under the given solution
    4. unsaturated solution
      1. A solution that has not reached its max it can dissolve at the given condisions
    5. Super Saturated solution
      1. a solution that has more solute dissolve than it can under a given condision
6. Dissolving Rate
  1. how quickly a substance dissolves.
    1. 3 factors that decrease the dissolve time are
      1. Temp. (Hot vs cold, hot is faster)
        Partical size(smaller is faster)
        Mixing(more mixing is faster)
7. bonds
  1. Covalent Bonds
    1. Bonds that share e-
      1. Polar
        Share e- non-evemly
      2. Non- Polar
        Share e- evenly
        Like dissolves like so polar dissolves polar and non polar dissolves non polar
  2. Ionic Bonds
    1. Bonds created when Atoms gain or loss e-
      1. This makes them become positive or negative
        So they become attracted to each other
8. Concentration
  1. how much solute is present in a solution compared to the amount of solvent
    1. Dilute
      1. a solution that has a very low amount of solute compared to the amount of solvent
    2. Concentrated
      1. a solution that has a high amount of solute compared to the amount of solvent
9. Acid and bases
  1. refer to chart on worksheet
10. pH
  1. Refer to worksheet (back of acid and base sheet)
  2. Indicators
    1. substances that change color relating to pH
Chapter 8:Life's Structure and Classification
1. Part of the microscope
  1. refer to worksheet and quiz
2. Six traits of all organisms
  1. 1. Organized in cells
    1. 2. Grow and develop
      1. 3. Respond to suroundings
        4. Maintain homeostasis
        5. Use energy
        6. Can reproduce
3. three things all living things need to survive
  1. 1. Place to live
    1. 2. Water
      1. 3. Food Source
4. 3 domains of living things
  1. 1. Bacteria
    1. 2. Archaebacteria
      1. 3. Eukanrota
5. Six Kingdoms
  1. 1. Eubacteria
    1. 2. Archbacteria
      1. 3. protista
        4. Animal
        5. Fungi
        6. Plant
6. Classification system
  1. Life
    1. Domain
      1. KIngdom
        phylum
        Class
        order
        Family
        Genus
        Species

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Science Midterm

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