Zusammenfassung der Ressource
5 CAUSES OF OEDEMA
- Na+ and H2O retention
- Renal failure
- Renal hypoperfusion
- Excessive salt intake
- ↑ Tubular absorption
- ↑ RAAS
- ↑ Salt retention
- ↑ water > ↑ hydrostatic P + ↓ colloid osmotic P
- Decreases plasma colloid P
- Hypoprotonaemia, ↓
albumin in plasma
- ↓ Absorption
- Malabsorption syndrome in GIT
- ↓ Intake
- Malnutrition
- ↓ Synthesis
- ** See note on Liver Cirrhosis with ascites
- ↑ Loss
- GIT – protein losing gastroenteropthy
- Kidney – nephrotic syndrome leading
to increased loss in urine
- Lymph obstruction
- Impairs interstitial
fluid clearance
- Inflammation
- Cancer
- Infiltration and obstruction of lymphatics by growth
- Treatment causing scarring/loss of lymph drainage
- Parasite
- infection by Filariarsis causes obstruction of
inguinal lymphatics (Elephantitis)
- Increased hydrostatic P
Anmerkungen:
- C;ljasL;KJAsc
asclknas;CLKNasc
as;LKC;Asckn
- ↓ Venous return
- Local
- Clot
- DVT causing oedema in distal part of lymb
- Mass
- Causing obstruction, leading to oedema
- Systemic
- CCF
- **See CCF diagram, leading to activation of RAAS
- Constrictive pericarditis
- Blood backs up behind the heart and ↑ P
- Dilation of arteries
- Heat
- Ascites
- **See note on Liver Cirrhosis leading to ascites
- **CCF
- ↓ Pump action of heart > ↓ cardiac output > ↓ Renal perfusion > activates RAAS
- ↑ Na+ and H2O to ↑ blood volume > ↑ hydrostatic P
- BUT heart cannot compensate and CO is still ↓ > ↑ Venous back P > ↑ oedema
- **Liver
Cirrhosis
- ↓ Liver function > Hypoprotonaemia > ↓ Colloid osmotic P
- H2O leaks from vessels > ↓ BV > ↓ Renal perfusion > activates RAAS
- ↑ Na+ and H2O to ↑ blood volume > ↑ hydrostatic P BUT ↓ Colloid osmotic P
- Will get progressively worse > kidney failure
- RAAS
- Reduced renal perfusion d/t ↓ BF, ↓ BP, dehydration, renal aa stenosis
- Kidney releases Renin > Liver > Angiotensinogen > Angiotensin I
- Angiotensin II
- Vasoconstriction > ↑ BP
- Adrenals > Aldosterone> Na+ retention + H2O
- ADH > ↑ H2O reabsorption
- ↑ Thirst, liquid intake, BV
- Increased vascular permeability
- Inflammation
- Systemic
- Local
- Acute
- Chronic
- Exudate