RNA

RNA

DNA code are transcribed onto a single stranded molecule called ribonucleic acid.
1. DNA is confined into the nucleus and it cannot move
messenger RNA (mRNA)
1. acts as a messenger
  1. transfers the DNA code from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
  2. long strand that is arranged in a single helix
2. small enough to leave the nucleus through the nuclear pore and to enter cytoplasm
  1. associates with ribosomes.
3. Genetic code refers to the sequence of nucleotide bases on mRNA
  1. *Degenerate code- most amino acids have more than one codon,
  2. *Universal- same codon codes for same amino acids in all organisms.
  3. *Non overlapping- each base in the sequence read only once. Eg. 123 456 and not 123 345
  4. *Few amino acids have only a single codon
  5. Three codons do not code for amino acid. E.g stop
4. mRNA code is complementary to the DNA code
Codon refers to the sequence of three bases (triplet) on mRNA that codes for a single amino acid
Structure
1. Sugar- Ribose
  1. (A) pairs up with (U)
    1. Anticodon- which can base pair up with codon
  2. (C) pairs up with (G)
2. Phosphate group
is a polymer made up of repeating mononucleotides subunits.
tRNA
1. clover- leaf shape
  1. part of tRNA molecules, which amino acids can easily attach
2. small molecules made up of 80 nucleotides

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

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