Zusammenfassung der Ressource
(official) What extent, East-West
relations affected over Berlin
1948-1989?
- Over Berlin
- Berlin Blockade
- USSR claimed the wet
had broken Potsdam
agreement, treating
Germany as a single
economic unit
- Soured relations, USSR used
force to block off Wests
access to their half of city
- Incidents such as a USSR fighter
colliding with a British transport
plane worsened relations
- Berlin Wall+crisis
- Broke four power
accord, allowed free
travel between all zones
- Allies did not like
this, heightened
tensions
- Sign of aggression
by the USSR
- Physical sign of
political failure by the
GDR
- Brandt criticised the Berlin Wall and the
east for building it, this did not help the
relations as the countries were talking
negatively of each other
- Ostpolitik
- Positively improved
relations between both
states
- Moscow Treaty 1970, gave
GDR international
recognition, GDR joined UN
- 1984, recognised by
132 states, joined
UN
- Warsaw Treaty 1970, financial
aid given to eastern bloc
country
- Four power agreement
1971, improved travel
rights for west Berliners
- Basic Treaty 1973, FRG recognised the
GDR, visa introduced to allow west
Berliners to travel to East Berlin 1 day
- Made GDR thankful for
loans, allowed GDR to
grow a little, cheaper
exports for GDR
- Relations better, GDR
could gain access to
materials they
previosuly could not,
became an unofficial
extra member of EEC
- GDR were reliant on loan,
38.5 billion in debt to FRG,
they were thankful after the
USSR had pulled support
- Ostpolitik
- Drove states apart at
international level
- propped up the GDR for longer,
keeping the division existing
between them
- Broke the Basic laws
commitment to
unification
- Other
- Currency reform 1948
- USSR claimed the west had broken
potsdam agreement, the reform
united the currency of the three allied
zones which meant the western
zones could be treated as single
economic unit
- Caused severe disagreement
with the USSR and the west,
led to the Berlin Blockade
and airlift, blocked travel to
and from Berlin for
westerners
- Ideological differences
- Marshall Aid
- USSR thought west was trying
to build up western Europe as a
defence against communism
- Negative relations with the west, they
thought they were attackingt
communism
- Officially to help the
economic recovery of
Europe
- Hallstein Doctrine,
made relations worse,
isolated GDR
- Hallstein Doctrine,
isolated the GDR and
made them loose faith in
the west, they began
looking Eastward.
Damaged relations with
the west
- Stopped countries from having
diplomatic relations with GDR,
as they would have theirs with
the FRG removed
- Left the GDR isolated,
relatiosn worsened as GDR
looked Eastwards for
support
- Drew both states further apart
- Incompatable ideologies,
communism vs capitalism, they
were unlikely to have many
agreements over things
- NATO, the wests relationship with the east dissapeared
as they looked for western integration, NATO meant
the Warsaw Pact was created as a reaction to the west,
damaged relations as they looked towards the eastern
bloc for support that the west was not giving them
- London conference
- Excluded from the
conference, it was to discuss
German affairs
- NATO/ Warsaw Pact
- Bolstering defence
against
communism in
West
- Fears in East,
FRG may be
used to attack
East Germany
- GDR accepted into Warsaw Pact
1955, gave them a new sense of
security as they had the mutual
support of Eastern bloc countries
- Look eastwards for support, not
westwards, they lost faith in the
West when FRG joined NATO