6899237
Mental Health
- Osteoarthritis
- Pathophysiology
- Osteoarthritis is caused by the
biochemical breakdown of articular
cartilage in the synovial joints and
the entire joint organ, including the
subchondral bone and synovian.
- Osteoarthritis is caused by the
biochemical breakdown of articular
cartilage in the synovial joints and
the entire joint organ, including the
subchondral bone and synovian.
- Cause
- Lose of balance between cartilage
breakdown and production, degeneration
exceeds regeneration
- Deterioration of the articular cartilage
- Increase the development
- Obesity, misalignment of bones and
joints, joint trauma and injury,
exercise
- Obesity, misalignment of bones and
joints, joint trauma and injury,
exercise
- Lose of balance between cartilage
breakdown and production, degeneration
exceeds regeneration
- Risk factors and signs/symptoms
- Over the age of 45, more common in women
- Pain, stiffness, swelling, harry potter wand fingers,
- Pain, stiffness, swelling, harry potter wand fingers,
- Over the age of 45, more common in women
- Treatment and Management
- Pain management with NSAIDS
- Non-pharm: physio,
OT, exercise,
acupuncture and
nutritional
supplements
- Pharm: paracetamol,
NSAIDS, capsaican,
analgesics, hormone
replacement therapyy
- Pharm: paracetamol,
NSAIDS, capsaican,
analgesics, hormone
replacement therapyy
- Non-pharm: physio,
OT, exercise,
acupuncture and
nutritional
supplements
- Pain management with NSAIDS
- Nursing interventions
- Promote
self-management
through health education
- Assessments should include
function, mood, mobility
and pain assessments
- Assessments should include
function, mood, mobility
and pain assessments
- Promote
self-management
through health education
- Pathophysiology
- Gout
- Pathophysiology
- An inflammatory reaction to monosodium urate crystals.
- Increased production of uric acid,
decreased excretion, increased
purine intake - increase urate
levels
- Needle-shaped monosodium urate
crystals which are deposited in the
articular cartilage or in the tend
sheaths, ligaments and around
distal joints and tissues.
- Needle-shaped monosodium urate
crystals which are deposited in the
articular cartilage or in the tend
sheaths, ligaments and around
distal joints and tissues.
- Increased production of uric acid,
decreased excretion, increased
purine intake - increase urate
levels
- An inflammatory reaction to monosodium urate crystals.
- Risk factors and signs/symptoms
- Acute and come out of nowhere.
Severe pain in the joints, nodules
on joints - redness and
inflammation, tender and hot
joints. Often onset of pain at
night.
- Acute and come out of nowhere.
Severe pain in the joints, nodules
on joints - redness and
inflammation, tender and hot
joints. Often onset of pain at
night.
- Causes
- Hyperuricemia > 6.8.
Crystals in the joints
bruv.
- Hyperuricemia > 6.8.
Crystals in the joints
bruv.
- Treatment and Management
- Pharm - rate
lowering
treatment for
recurrent
attacks
- Allopurinol
- Used to decrease uric acid
concentrations. Taken once daily after
meal. SIDE EFFECTS: skin reactions,
headaches.
- Used to decrease uric acid
concentrations. Taken once daily after
meal. SIDE EFFECTS: skin reactions,
headaches.
- Probenecid
- Allopurinol
- Pharm - acute gout:
- Colchicine
- Inhibits urate crystal deposition. Not an analgesic but
relies pain in acute attacks of gout. You can't take it if
you have kidney and liver disease, cardiac or GI
disorders.
- Inhibits urate crystal deposition. Not an analgesic but
relies pain in acute attacks of gout. You can't take it if
you have kidney and liver disease, cardiac or GI
disorders.
- NSAIDS; diclofenac, ibuprofen
- Colchicine
- Pharm - rate
lowering
treatment for
recurrent
attacks
- Nursing Interventions
- Health education
- Keep a healthy body weight, rest lots,
keep sheets off of the joint if its an
early morning attack. Drink 2L of water.
- Avoid purine rich foods: red meat,
fish, yeast extracts. Avoid alcohol
and soft drinks.
- Keep a healthy body weight, rest lots,
keep sheets off of the joint if its an
early morning attack. Drink 2L of water.
- Health education
- Pathophysiology
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- What is it
- Chronic disease that cannot be cured. Form of
inflammatory arthritis and autoimmune diseases.
Fluid build up causing inflammation and joint pain,
systemic and intermittent. Is the second most
common form of arthritis and women are three
times more likely to develop RA than men.
- Chronic disease that cannot be cured. Form of
inflammatory arthritis and autoimmune diseases.
Fluid build up causing inflammation and joint pain,
systemic and intermittent. Is the second most
common form of arthritis and women are three
times more likely to develop RA than men.
- Signs and symptoms
- Fatigue, pain in the joints, swelling of the
joints, stiffness in the joints, muscle pain
- Fatigue, pain in the joints, swelling of the
joints, stiffness in the joints, muscle pain
- Treatment and Management
- Treats the symptoms. Reducing pain and inflammation,
minimising or preventing joint damage and maximising join
movement.
- Treats the symptoms. Reducing pain and inflammation,
minimising or preventing joint damage and maximising join
movement.
- Interventions
- Education and counselling.
Self-management support approach.
Information and referral to support
networks. Fatigue management and
exercise. Encouraing reg check ups
- Education and counselling.
Self-management support approach.
Information and referral to support
networks. Fatigue management and
exercise. Encouraing reg check ups
- What is it
- Neurotransmitters
- GABA
- GABA
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