Alexander III

Beschreibung

A-Levels History - Russia Mindmap am Alexander III, erstellt von Gemma Bradford am 07/05/2013.
Gemma Bradford
Mindmap von Gemma Bradford, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Gemma Bradford
Erstellt von Gemma Bradford vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Alexander III
  1. Alexander II
    1. Emancipation of serfs
      1. + Freedom, modern
        1. - Had to pay redemption payments for 49 years
          1. - Loss of free living
          2. Zemstvas
            1. + Distribution of power
              1. Elected by wealthy
              2. Jury
                1. Fair trials
                2. Access to primary/secondary education for all
                  1. + Education widespread
                    1. - Radical thinking
                    2. Relaxed censorship
                      1. + More information to people
                        1. - Criticised authority
                        2. Known as Tsar liberator
                          1. Assassinated by the people's will on his way to sign for a reform
                            1. Showed unpopularity of Tsarist system despite him being a reformist
                          2. Unprepared for Tsardom as a child
                            1. Pobedonostev taught him in 1865 after his brother died
                              1. Blamed liberals for political extremism and Alexander II death
                                1. Hostile to other nationalities in Empire
                                  1. Wanted to turn Russia into a police state
                                    1. Influence on Alexander III
                                  2. Reforms
                                    1. 1883 Improved working conditions for women and children
                                      1. 1881 Continued with emancipation of serfs
                                        1. Peasant's land bank
                                          1. loans to peasants to help them purchase land
                                          2. 1889 Finance Minister Vyshnegradsky offered money to peasants to migrate to Siberia
                                            1. Make use of land for crops
                                            2. Laws to reduce tax burden on peasants
                                              1. Increased Tsar popularity from peasants
                                            3. Reactions
                                              1. Russification
                                                1. All official documents in Russian
                                                  1. Other languages forbidden in schools
                                                    1. Angered minorities
                                                      1. Unified Russia
                                                      2. Censorship increased
                                                        1. University fees increased
                                                          1. Excluded everyone but very wealthy
                                                            1. Prevent radical thinking
                                                            2. 1884 Universities under government control
                                                              1. Chose who governed Zemvsta
                                                                1. Increased power
                                                                2. 1890 Chose who could be jury members
                                                                  1. Increased power
                                                                  2. Jews had no access to education and peasants had no access to secondary schools
                                                                    1. Reduce radical thinking and uprisings
                                                                    2. Primary schools under Church control
                                                                      1. Voting rights restricted
                                                                      2. Known as a reactionary
                                                                        1. Reaffirmed autocratic power of the Tsar
                                                                          1. Repression is different to other European countries
                                                                          2. Jews joined radical organisations
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