97021
Alcohols
- organic compounds
- basis of all living things
- contain carbon
- basis of all living things
- uses and properties
- drinking
- solvents eg perfume , medicines
- fuels ( ethanol)
- burn in air very well in a combustion
reaction (release CO2 and H2O)
- react with sodium to produce hydrogen
- dissolve in water to form a neutral solution
- drinking
- methanol ( CH3OH)
- contain the functional group - OH
- homologus series - family of compounds with
the same general formula and have similar
chemical properties
- ethanol ( CH3CH2OH)
- ( by oxidising agents or microbes)oxidised
ethanol becomes ethanoic acid (vinegar)
- ethanol is harmful....in small amounts
cause drunkness....large amounts can be
toxic and cause death
- carbon neutral
- carbon neutral
- ethanol is harmful....in small amounts
cause drunkness....large amounts can be
toxic and cause death
- ( by oxidising agents or microbes)oxidised
ethanol becomes ethanoic acid (vinegar)
- propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH)
- Carboxylic acid
- functional group is - COOH
- Esters
- functional group - COO
- methyl methanoate ( HCOOCH3)
- methyl ethanoate( CH3COOCH3
- ethyl propanoate( CH3CH2COOCH2CH3
- can be made by the reaction of alcohold and carboxylic
acids. reaction is slow an so is carried out in the prsence of
a concentrated acid like sulfuric acid which acts as a catylst
- responsible for smells and flavours
of many fruits...esters can either be
extracted from fruits or made
artifically from alcohois and
carboxylic acids
- also can be used as flavourings in foods
- also can be used as flavourings in foods
- volatile liquids---- meaning low boiling points and readily
evaporate so they can reach scent receptors in your nose.
also smell pleasant so often used as purfumes
- functional group - COO
- methanoic acid ( HCOOH)
- ethanoic acid ( CH3COOH )
- propanoic acid ( CHCCH2COOH )
- dissolve in water to produce acidic solutions
- react with carbonates to produce CO2 eg ethanoic acid
+ sodium carbonate = sodium ethanoate + water +
carbon dioxide
- react with alcohols ( and acid catalyst) to make esters
- do not ionise completely in water - weak acids
- aqueous solutions have a higher pH than aqueous solutions
of strong acids with the same concentration
- Vinegar and aspirin
- butanoic acid - smell of rancid butter
and present in human sweat and
methanoic acid is found in ant stings
- functional group is - COOH
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