10375007
Beschreibung
Quiz von Michael Jardine, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Michael Jardine
vor mehr als 7 Jahre
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Frage 1
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The 9 stages of metastasis are:
1 - Primary tumour formation;
2 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
3 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
4 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
5 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
6 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
7 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
8 - [blank_start]____________________[blank_end];
9 - Clinically detectable macroscopic metastases.
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Local invasion
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Intravasation
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Survival in the circulation
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Arrest at a distant organ site
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Extravasation
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Micrometastasis formation
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Metastatic colonisation
Frage 2
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Temporal course of metastasis:
The latency period of BREAST CARCINOMA is generally
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Years to decades
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Months
Frage 3
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Temporal course of metastasis:
The latency period of COLORECTAL CARCINOMA is generally
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Years to decades
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Months
Frage 4
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Temporal course of metastasis:
The latency period of LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA is generally
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Months
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Years to decades
Frage 5
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Does stiffening of the ExtraCellular Matrix (ECM) promote or inhibit tumourigenesis?
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Promote
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Inhibit
Frage 6
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True or false:
MMPs (Matrix MetalloProteinases) play a role in Intravasation.
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- True
- False
Frage 7
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Angiopoietin-like 4 ("ANGPTL4") is involved in:
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Extravasation
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Intravasation
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Both of the above
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[none of the above]
Frage 8
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The "Cell-of-Origin" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
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Normal epithelial cell (already has activated metastasis virulence genes due to its normal cellular differentiation program) > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
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Normal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
Frage 9
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The "Partial-Competence" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
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Normal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
Frage 10
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The "Stochastic" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
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Normal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
Frage 11
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The "Tumour Self-seeding" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
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Normal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
Frage 12
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The "Parallel Progression" model of metastasis progresses as follows:
Antworten
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable partially metastasis-competent disseminated tumour cell > [mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including stochastic mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Metastatic colonisation
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Normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations] > Primary tumour > [dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > [additional mutations] > Metastatic colonisation > [re-infiltration of the primary tumour by metastatic cells] > Primary tumour that has undergone self-seeding
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Normal epithelial cell > [mutation] > Quasi-normal epithelial cell > [early dissemination to a foreign microenvironment] > Viable disseminated quasi-normal epithelial cell > [series of mutations, including mutations in metastasis virulence genes] > Metastatic colonisation
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