1401936
Frage 1
Frage
A 63 year old woman develops breast cancer. Which of the following is the most likely manner in which the cancer will become noticeable
Antworten
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she is anemic
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she develops an opportunistic infection
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she develops a cough with bloody sputum production
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she has pain with breathing
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she feels a lump during her monthly breast self-examination
Frage 2
Frage
Which of the following has NOT been implicated in causing cancer
Antworten
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exposure to high-voltage power lines
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viral carcinogens, such as HPV
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exposure to ultraviolet radiation (sunlight)
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chemicals in foods, such as aflatoxin
Frage 3
Frage
Which of the following is not an example of physiologic hyperplasia?
Antworten
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Breast development in adolescent females
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Breast enlargement in males
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A well-conditioned athlete’s enlarged heart
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Uterine size increase during pregnancy
Frage 4
Frage
The first step a cell must undergo to acquire autonomous growth potential is called:
Antworten
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Progression
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Transformation
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Alteration
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Initiation
Frage 5
Frage
Specialized copies of DNA that code for growth factors contributory to neoplasia are called:
Antworten
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Mutations
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Promoters
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Tumor suppressor genes
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Oncogenes
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Initiators
Frage 6
Frage
Chemotherapy is generally most effective with tumors composed fo rapidly dividing cells.
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 7
Frage
The most aggressive growths will appear this way under microscopic examination
Antworten
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poorly differentiated
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well differentiated
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low grade
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atypical
Frage 8
Frage
Examples of chemical carcinogens include all of the following except:
Antworten
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cigarette smoke
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vinyl chloride
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ultraviolet radiation
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human papillomavirus
Frage 9
Frage
The most common cancer in women is _a. __________ cancer, but more women die of _b._______________ cancer.
Antworten
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a. lung b. breast
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a. breast b. lungs
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a. cervix b. breast
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a. lungs. b. cervix
Frage 10
Frage
An agent that causes cancer is
Antworten
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carcinogen
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initiator
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transformer
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oncogene
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promoter
Frage 11
Frage
A 53 year old woman undergoes a breast biopsy. The pathology report states that some of the breast ducts demonstrate epithelial hyperplasia. Based on your understanding of hyperplasia, what do you think is the most appropriate advice to give this woman?
Antworten
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She should have mammograms at more frequent intervals.
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She should return in 1-2 years for her regular screening mammogram
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She should undergo brain imaging because she might have a pituitary adenoma.
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She should have a pregnancy test.
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She should have a mastectomy to remove all premalignant tissue.
Frage 12
Frage
A neoplasm that will likely not kill the individual that harbors it
Antworten
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Benign
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malignant
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invasion
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in situ
Frage 13
Frage
A neoplasm that has the potential to spread widely and cause death
Antworten
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malignant
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in situ
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benign
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invasion
Frage 14
Frage
The direct extension of neoplastic cells into surrounding tissue without regard to tissue boundaries
Antworten
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benign
-
malignant
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in situ
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invasion
Frage 15
Frage
Metaplasia is the replacement of one tissue type by another
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 16
Frage
Which of the following contribute to accurate staging of a cancer
Antworten
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A. Knowing the size of the tumor and the extent to which it has invaded local tissues
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B. Knowing whether there are metastases to regional lymph nodes
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Knowing whether there are metastases to distant organs.
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Knowing the size of distant organ metastases.
Frage 17
Frage
Which of the following names suggests a benign neoplasm when, in fact, it is malignant?
Antworten
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lymphoma
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chondroma
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fibrosarcoma
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papilloma
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lipoma
Frage 18
Frage
In the context of neoplasia, “stage” refers to:
Antworten
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The size of the tumor.
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The amount of functional disability the tumor has caused.
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The degree of atypia of malignant cells.
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The extent of spread of a cancer through the body.
Frage 19
Frage
Carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal tissues
Antworten
- True
- False
Frage 20
Frage
Hormonal therapy plays a significant role in the regression of breast and prostate cancer.
Antworten
- True
- False
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