Anatomy of the Back, Spine & Spinal Cord

Label the muscles on the diagram shown below. Hint: The mot inferior one is actually a muscle group.

There are two groups of intrinsic back muscles (muscles which maintain back posture and move spine). The superficial group is called the [blank_start]erector spinae[blank_end] group and the deep group is called the [blank_start]transversospinalis[blank_end] group

The intrinsic back muscles are supplied by the [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] rami branches at each vertebral level.

Flexion of the spine occurs due to psoas minor and rectus abdominis

A lordosis is a second degree curvature

Curvatures of the vertebral column: Cervical [blank_start]Lordosis[blank_end] Thoracic [blank_start]Kyphosis[blank_end] Lumbar [blank_start]Lordosis[blank_end] Sacral [blank_start]Kyphosis[blank_end]

Label the vertebrae

[blank_start]Facet[blank_end] joints are the joints between the superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae

What type of joint is a facet joint? (Enter type and subtype) [blank_start]Synovial Plane[blank_end] Joint

Intervertebral discs are composed of an outer fibrocartilage ring called the [blank_start]annulus fibrosus[blank_end] and an inner soft pulp called the [blank_start]nucleus pulposus[blank_end]

Ligaments of the Spine: [blank_start]Supraspinous ligament[blank_end] Strong, fibrous tissue connecting the tips of adjacent spinous processes. Kind of like a pole. [blank_start]Interspinous ligament[blank_end] Weak, membranous tissue connecting the superior and inferior surfaces of the spinous processes. Kind of like a curtain.

Which of the Cervical vertebrae does not have a vertebral body or spinous process?

The [blank_start]Odontoid Process[blank_end] of the C2 vertebrae projects into the Vertebral foramen of C1, forming a [blank_start]synovial[blank_end] joint (type?).

What is the first palpable vertebrae in around 70% of people?

What is the anatomical location of the start of the spinal cord? The [blank_start]Foramen Magnum[blank_end]

Before the cauda equina, the end of the spinal cord is called the [blank_start]conus medullaris[blank_end].

Lordosis: [blank_start]Second Degree Curvature[blank_end] Kyphosis: [blank_start]First Degree Curvature[blank_end]

Facet joints are [blank_start]synovial[blank_end] joints which exist between the [blank_start]articular[blank_end] processes of adjacent vertebrae

What type of joints are intervertebral discs? Be specific [blank_start]Secondary Cartilaginous[blank_end] Joints

Ligamentum Flavum connects the [blank_start]lamina[blank_end] of adjacent vertebrae

[blank_start]Anterior longitudinal[blank_end] ligament prevents over-extension of the spine [blank_start]Posterior longitudinal[blank_end] ligament prevents over-flexion of the spine

Which is larger?

What is the main movement of the atlanto-axial joint?