Analgesia

The WHO Analgesic ladder (least potent at top): [blank_start]Paracetamol[blank_end] [blank_start]NSAID[blank_end] [blank_start]Weak Opioid[blank_end] [blank_start]Strong Opioid[blank_end]

Therefore, order the following drugs based on the analgesic ladder, with least potent at the top. [blank_start]Paracetamol[blank_end] [blank_start]Ibuprofen[blank_end] [blank_start]Codeine[blank_end] [blank_start]Morphine[blank_end]

Therefore, order the following drugs based on the analgesic ladder, with least potent at the top. [blank_start]Paracetamol[blank_end] [blank_start]Indomethacin[blank_end] [blank_start]Tramadol[blank_end] [blank_start]Oxycodone[blank_end]

Opioids provide analgesia via inhibition of voltage gated [blank_start]Calcium[blank_end] channels and promotion of [blank_start]Potassium[blank_end] channel opening (to suppress excitation of projection neurons)

Opioid receptors are distributed throughout the nervous system and are traditionally arranged into three classes. Which class is responsible for most of the analgesic action of opioids?

Tramadol is a weak [blank_start]μ[blank_end] receptor agonist

Epileptic patients should not be given which of the following analgesics?

Which analgesic is given to aid withdrawal symptoms from strong opioids such as heroin? [blank_start]Methadone[blank_end]

Patients who experience an overdose of a strong opioid can be reversed using a short acting μ-receptor antagonist called [blank_start]Naloxone[blank_end]

The therapeutic benefit of NSAIDs largely comes via inhibition of which COX receptor?

Which of the following drugs would provide the highest level of analgesia in a patient experiencing neuropathic pain?