Contraception

What is the most commonly utilised contraceptive method worldwide?

Sperm can live in the female reproductive tract for up to [blank_start]5[blank_end] days

When in the menstrual cycle should a woman have sex in order to maximise her chances of pregnancy? I.e. when is she most fertile?

How long does a single ovum survive in the female reproductive tract post ovulation?

Which measurement is used to describe the effectiveness of contraceptive methods based on the number of contraceptive failures per 100 women per year? The [blank_start]Pearl[blank_end] Index

Basal body temperature [blank_start]increases[blank_end] by approximately 1 degree Celsius around the time of ovulation.

[blank_start]Lactational amenorrhea[blank_end] is the temporary postnatal infertility that occurs when a woman is and fully breastfeeding and amenorrhoeic

Lactational Amenorrhoea typically lasts for up to [blank_start]6 months[blank_end] post-natally

A woman must be breastfeeding in order for lactational amenorrhoea to cause infertility.

The Pearl Index predicts that on average [blank_start]85[blank_end] per 100 women having sex will become pregnant in any given year if they use no contraception.

The Pearl Index predicts that on average [blank_start]85[blank_end] per 100 women having sex will become pregnant in any given year if they use no contraception.

The Pearl Index predicts that on average [blank_start]22[blank_end] per 100 women having sex will become pregnant in any given year if their male partner(s) use the withdrawal method.

The combined oral pill contains which two hormones? (give in alphabetical order) [blank_start]Oestrogen[blank_end] and [blank_start]Progesterone[blank_end]

What is the primary mechanism of the combined oral pill and the progesterone only pill?

What is the most widely used contraceptive mechanism in the UK?

The contraceptive implant (surgically inserted into the upper arm) provides contraception for up to [blank_start]3 years[blank_end]

Which hormone does the contraceptive implant and contraceptive injection utilise to prevent pregnancy?

The Pearl index of the contraceptive implant is approximately …

The contraceptive injection must be given every [blank_start]13 weeks[blank_end]

Which is more effective, the contraceptive implant or the contraceptive injection?

After a contraceptive injection, a woman’s fertility may not return to normal for up to [blank_start]1 year[blank_end] after, and therefore this should not be given to patients who may wish to start a family in the near future.

After a contraceptive implant is removed, a woman will typically return to normal fertility rather quickly.

A common side effect of the contraceptive [blank_start]implant[blank_end] is amenorrhoea

Which metallic chemical is used in non-hormonal intrauterine devices to act as a spermicide?

Permanent contraception for men whereby the vas deferens are interrupted surgically is called a [blank_start]vasectomy[blank_end]

Which structures are blocked in the female reproductive system surgically in a tubal occlusion? The [blank_start]Fallopian Tubes[blank_end]

Sterilisation has a 100% effectiveness in preventing pregnancy – the pearl index is 0 in 100.

The copper intrauterine device can be used as emergency contraception if necessary.

Emergency contraception is required when [blank_start]more than one oral contraceptive pill[blank_end] has been missed in a row

There are currently 3 methods of emergency contraception available in the UK, one of which being the intrauterine copper device as previously discussed. The other two are emergency contraceptive pills: [blank_start]Levonorgestrel[blank_end] – Can be used up to 3 days after unprotected sex [blank_start]Ulipristal Acetate[blank_end] – Can be used up to 5 days after unprotected sex

A copper IUD can be fitted up to [blank_start]5 days[blank_end] after unprotected sex OR after [blank_start]5 days[blank_end] after likely ovulation in order to provide emergency contraception

In terms of the emergency contraceptive pills, they elicit their effects via: [blank_start]Levonorgestrel[blank_end] – High dose progesterogen [blank_start]Ulipristal Acetate[blank_end] – Anti-progesterogen

Emergency contraceptive pills typically do not work following ovulation.

A double dose of [blank_start]Levonorgestrel[blank_end] should be given for someone who is seeking emergency contraception and is over 70kg/BMI>26

Ulipristal acetate is contraindicated in patients with which respiratory condition? [blank_start]Asthma[blank_end]

The combined oral contraceptive pill should be taken for [blank_start]21[blank_end] days before [blank_start]7[blank_end] days should be taken off to allow withdrawal bleeding.

The combined oral contraceptive is known to increase your chances of which cardiovascular disease?

Taking the combined oral contraceptive pill slightly raises the risk of contracting which 2 of the following cancers?

Taking the combined oral contraceptive pill protects the individual against which 2 of the following cancers?

The contraceptive pill is know to have a positive effect on which of the following dermatological conditions?

Which method of contraception is the most effective for preventing menorrhagia?