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Which of the following characteristics are specific for the neuroglial cells
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Which of the following elements are visible in the neurons by light microscope by light microscopic observation
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The nonmyelinated nerve fibers consist of
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axon
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mylein sheath
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schwann sheath
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endoneurium
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The myelinated nerve fibers consist of
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axon
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myelin sheath
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microglia
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endoneurium
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schwann sheath
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parts of the neuron are
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axon
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dendrites
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perikaryon
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depending on shape of their bodies (perikaryons), the neurons are
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Depending on the number of their branches the neurons are
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unipolar
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pseudounipolar
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bipolar
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multipolar
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depending on their functions, the neurons are
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motor
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sensory
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associative
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neuroendocrine
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the central type of neuroglial cells are
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astrocytes
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oligodendrocytes
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ependyma
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microglia
Frage 10
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By light microscope, observation of spinal cord on transverse sections stained with toluidinblue, multipolar neurons with cytoplasm filled with blue granules in the anterior horns are observed. What is the name of these structures, and appearance of which organelle are they
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nissle substance ( RER)
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glial cells
Frage 11
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Under electron microscope, a transverse section of cylindrical in shape structure with dark and light lines arranged in concentric manner is observed. Peripherally, a part of cytoplasm with mitochondria and nucleus is visible. what is the name of the described structure?
Frage 12
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under light microscope, on sections from cerebrum stained with AuCl2 star-shaped neurons with numerous long non-branching processes localised in the white matter are observed. some of the processes attach to the blood vessel walls. what is the name of these cells?
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fibrous astrocyte
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glial cells
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under light microscope, on sections stained with OsO4 bundles of black coloured fiber-like structures appear. there are gaps in their outer sheath and it is seen to be an incomplete or interrupted cylinder. radial clefts or fissures, extending through the thickness of the sheath are also visible. what is the name of the described structures?
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By the oogenesis, 4 mature oocytes occur from 1 oogonium
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oogenesis is fully completed after the fertilisation of the secondary oocyte
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by spermatogenesis, 1 mature spermatozoon occurs from one spermatogonia
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the axis (axonema) of the spermatozoon flagellum is built of microtubules following the 9x3+10 formula
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the human spermatozoon head looks like 'flame of candle' in shape
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the mitochondria are arranged in spiral fashion around the middle piece of the spermatozoon flagellum
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the spermatogenesis starts during the
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fetal period
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puberty
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embryonic period
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right after birth
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the spermatozoon acrosome represents
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oogenesis starts during the
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embryonic period
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fetal period
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right after birth
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puberty
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the marker enzyme of the human spermatozoon acrosome is
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hyaluronidase
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acid phosphatase
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alkaline phosphatase
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lipase
Frage 24
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which of the following organelles are not present in the ovum (mature oocyte)
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golgi apparatus
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mitochondria
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lysosomes
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centrioles
Frage 25
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body of balbani is present in the
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oogenium
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primary oocyte
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primary spermatocyte
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spermatogonium
Frage 26
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human spermatogenetic cycle occupies about
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diameter of human ovum is
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spermatozoon length is
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oogenesis is completed
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before ovulation
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after fertilisation
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after puberty
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before fertilisation
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which of the following are specific to acrosomes
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which of the following are specific to spermatogenesis
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starts during the embryonic period
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starts with onset of puberty
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passes through four phases
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passes through three phases
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which are specific to secondary spermatocytes
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haploid number of chromosomes
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formed during the second phase of spermatogenesis
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biggest in size male germ cells
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spermatozoon head contains
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nucleus
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mitochondria
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centrioles
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acrosome
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consecutive stages of spermatogenesis
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cell multiplication
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cell growth
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cell differentiation
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cell maturation
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ovum is surrounded by
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zona pellucida
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corona radiata
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main parts of spermatozoon are
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head
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middle piece
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neck
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tail
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consecutive stages of oogenesis
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cell multiplication
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cell growth
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cell differentiation
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type of male germ cells are
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spermatogonia
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primary spermatocytes
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secondary spermatocytes
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spermatids
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spermatoza
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under electron microscope, a round cell with spherical, pale nucleus and prominent nucleolus is observed. in the cell cytoplasm mitochondria, elements of golgi complex and vesicles are arranged in a group and form a common structure localised near the nucleus
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primary oocyte
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secondary oocyte
Frage 41
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by electronic microscopic observation of transverse section of spermatozoon flagellum, centrally placed microtubules surrounded by filamentous sheath and in spiral fashion arranged mitochondria appear.
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middle piece
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central piece
Frage 42
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by light microscopic observation of stained with hematoxylin-eosin section of ovary, a round, big in size cell within a spherical structure appears. the cell is with a pale nucleus ad prominent nucleolus. around the cell a homogenous, deeply stained membrane is visible. outside of it radially arranged cuboidal to cylindrical in shape cells form a layer.
Frage 43
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Link the parts of the spermatozoon and the corresponding structures.
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Fertilisation ability of the spermatozoon is preserved for 24-30 hours
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Two veins and one artery are present in the umbilical cord on the newborn baby
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the yolk sack takes part in the formation of the embryo discus
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amnion is not involved in the formation of the embryo discus
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the cells obtained as a result of segmentation are called blastomers
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the trophoblast related structures are associated with the implantation and nutrition of the embryo
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the smooth chorion takes part in the formation of the fetal sack
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the embryoblast cells situated on the floor of the amnion differentiate into the ectoderma
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the chorion frondosum participates in the formation of the placenta
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linea primitiva is a temporary structure related to the organisation of the mesoderma
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sperm volume normally is
Frage 55
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II type of oocyte has a fertlisation ability during
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6-12 hours
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12-24 hours
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24-36 hours
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36-72 hours
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the spermatozoa number in 1cm^3 sperm is
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10-30 x 10^6 /cm^3
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400-500 x 10^2 /cm^3
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130-160 x 10^6 / cm^3
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40-120 x 10^6 / cm^3
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minimum part of mobile spermatazoa in the sperm necessary for fertilisation is above
Frage 58
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process of transformation of spermatids into spermatazoa is called
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spermiogenesis
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spermation
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capacitation
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acrosomal reaction
Frage 59
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the trophoblast is part of
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embryoblast
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blastocysta
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magma reticularis
Frage 60
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the somites derive from
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mesoblast
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endoblast
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ectoblast
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mesenchyme
Frage 61
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The dermatomes form
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skin epithelium
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skin connective tissue
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skeletal muscles
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The implantation starts
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on first day after fertilisation
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6-7 days after fertilisation
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10 days after fertilisation
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15 days after fertilisation
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The fertilisation is completed in
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uterus cavity
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oviduct cavity
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abdomen
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ovary
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what type of function is the oocyte cortical reaction
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trophic
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receptor
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barrier
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phagocytic
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umbilical cord of the newborn baby consists of
Frage 66
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dermatomes
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sklerotomes
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myotomes
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nephrotomes
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from the mesenchyme derivates
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cardiac muscle tissue
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smooth muscle tissue
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skeletal muscle tissue
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blood tissue
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microglia
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from the ectoblasts derivates
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the fetal sack wall consists of
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amnion
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smooth chorion
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placental villae
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covering decidua
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basal decidua
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the placental barrier after the third month of embryogenesis consists
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synctical trophoblast
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cytotrophoblast
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epithelium of the placental capillaries
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mesenchyme of the placental villa
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epithelium of the uterus capillaries
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the maternal part of the placenta consists of
Frage 72
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the fetal part of the placenta consists of
Frage 73
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which of the following are specific for the cortical reaction is
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completed in corona radiata
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associated with releasing of the acrosomal enzymes
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associated with releasing the proteolytic enzymes under the oocyte plasmalemma
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blocks the passing of more than one spermatozoon into the oocyte
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associated with destroying of the spermatozoon receptors in zona pellucida
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Structures that derive from the somites of the mesoblast
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dermatomes
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sclerotomes
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myotomes
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specific for the segmentation by the human embryo is
Frage 77
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chorion laeve
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chorion frondosum
Frage 78
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Trophoblast types are
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cytotrophoblasts
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syncytial trophoblasts
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The process of the transformation of the nervous system passes through the following stages:
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neural plate
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neural groove
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neural tube
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Under the light microscope, HE staining part of extraembryonal organ that is covered by amnion and contains three blood vessel and mucoid tissue between them appears. what is this organ