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1.1 In the first solo across the Atlantic in 1927, how did Charles Lindbergh keep control of the airplane while flying in clouds and darkness?
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Name three instruments used by the Wright Brothers in their first flight that marked the beginning of what would become "avionics".
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Stopwatch
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turn-and bank
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Prop counter
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Wind speed
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earth inductor compass
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1.3 What generated power for Lindbergh's earth induct compass?
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a battery
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an anemometer
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an alternator
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an engine
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1.4 Which of the following systems airlines not consider part of "avionics"?
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Turbocharching
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fire detection
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landing gear
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air conditioning
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water-waste
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air
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starting
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1.5 What technology was widely adopted in avionics to reduce size and weight, as well as provide greatly increased function.
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semiconductor
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radio waves
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transponder
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vacuum tubes
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1.6 What system, made possible by digital electronics, greatly reduces the problem of mid-air collisions?
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1.7 What replaces early "steam gauges" in aircraft instrument panels?
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Flat LCD panels
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CRT panels
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some other crazy answer
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1.8 How can the function of an electronic instrument be easily enhanced?
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1.9 What does "CNS," which describes basic functions of avionics, stand for?
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An automatic electronic system that controls engine efficiency by using the less fuel as possible
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An automatic electronic system that controls airplane primary control surfaces in order to take workload from the pilot
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1.11 Name the world body that deliberates future aviation technology?
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2.1 Radio frequencies are measured in Hertz (Hz), after Heinrich Hertz, What was his contribution to communications?
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What was the first system for marking cross-country airways?
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NDB
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ADF
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lighted beacons
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radio airways
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What was the first instrument to enable pilots to maintain control of an airplane without seeing outside the cockpit?
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What component led to the artificial horizon and autopilot?
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Vacuum pump
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auto pilot computer
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gyro
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? Name the developer of the autopilots early systems.
Antworten
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Thorne-Baker
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Jimmy Doolittle
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Alexander Graham Bell
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Elmer Sperry
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What type of transmitter sent the first radio message from an airplane to the ground?
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Who was the pioneer who flew the flrst in strument flight, sometimes known as "blind flying," in 1929?
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Jimmy Doolittle
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Samuel Morse
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Elmer Sperry
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What system in Air Traffic Control replaced position reports by voice?
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reports by Morse code
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reports by ACARS
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Reports by datalink
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3.2 What is the frequency coverage of the VHF com band?
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3 to 30 Mhz
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30 to 300 Mhz
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300 to 3000 Mhz
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What is the narrowest spacing for channels in the VHF com band?
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3.88 Khz
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8.33 Khz
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8.33 Mhz
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25 Khz
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3.6 What is the purpose of a mic key line?
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provide the signal that de-activate the microphone
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provide the signal that activate the microphone
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call Mic Key
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Permits the use of the comminication receiver
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3.7 A typical com radio has two frequencys
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3.8 What is the purpose of a squelch?
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Allows the user to hear throught the radio interference Caused by the atmosphere
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is provides the mean so the user can perform a quick test on the com receiver
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it provides interfece between ATC and pilot
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is a filter of atmospheric noise that incorporate the receiver in order to provide a clean sound
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3.9 What function does the "com test" control provide?
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3.10 Where is the LRU (line replaceable unit) for a com transceiver of a large aircraft located?
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wheel well compartment
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electronic bay
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cockpit
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landing gear
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3.11 What is a radio management system?
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I dont know, it does not really exist
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is a unit the provide all of the differents com LRU control buttons and advisories in a single unit
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It is a universal com control panel located on the cockpit
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3.12 What is the third VHF com radio of an airIiner often used for?
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4.1 Are High Frequency communications not as reliable as those of VHF because the ionosphere is always changing between day and night and season to season
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4.2 What is the advantage of "Autotune.“
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it concentrates all of the transmitter power in only on of three components
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LSB modulation
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USB modulation
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AM modulation
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carrier wave
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4.4 What made HF datalink successful?
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the extremely huge antennainternetworked
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HFDL system relationship to HF voice
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Automatic selection of data rates:
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Digital signal processing
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pre-assigned frequency to communicate with the responsible ATC
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HF ground stations
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4.7 What is the purpose of an HF antenna coupler?
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4.6 check the correct aseverations on HF datalink
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Data Relieves Congestion on Voice Frequencies
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-Data Detects Errors and Automatically Retransmits
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Shorter Message Transmission Time (Iess than 3 seconds vs more than 1 minute)
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it is the preffered system of communications in short fligths
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5.1 Select those that are true about satellite communications?
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it is Free from atmospheric interference and limited bandwidth
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it is not Free from atmospheric interference and limited bandwidth
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Satcom signals penetrate the ionosphere without bending or reflecting
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Satcom signals can not penetrate the ionosphere without bending or reflecting
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are unaffected by electrical noise or weather
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are affected by electrical noise or weather
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5.2 What is the name of the next generation air traffic control system based on satellites?
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5.3 How many Inmarsat satellites provide global coverage, and where are they located?
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They are 24 satellites of GPS constellation in six planes
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four satellites that hover over the equator
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they are four satellites that are not geostacionary instead each one can see all the following regions
871 Atlantic Ocean Region – East (AOR-E)
872 Pacific Ocean Region (POR)
873 Indian Ocean Region (IOR)
874 Atlantic Ocean Region – West (AOR-W
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The two major components of the satcom system are Ground Earth Station and Aircraft Earth Station
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satcom antenna that supports the full range of satcom services
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low gain
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intermedium gain
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high gain
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select satcom antennas that must be highly directional?
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low gain
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high gain
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conformal
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intermedium gain
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5.9 After satellite messages are received at a GES, how do they get to their final destination?
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5.10 On what band does the aircraft send and receive satellite communications?
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5.11 What is the purpose of a Beam Steering Unit?
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keeps the elements pointed at the satellite as the airplane position changes
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converts signals from an intermediate frequency up into the L-band
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SDU interfaces with the airplane navigation system
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5.12 What is the typical location on the airplane for an electromechanically steered antenna?
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5.13 communications satellites appear to remain fixed in one position?
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6.1 What is the meaning of the abbreviation "ACARS"?
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Aircraft Communication Addressing and Repair System
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Aircraft Communication Air and Reporting System
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Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System
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6.2 What type of communications occur on ACARS?
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datalink through LF
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datalink through L band
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datalink through VHF
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datalink through HF
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datalink through UHF
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6.3 networks operates ground and satellite services for ACAR are ARINC and SITA
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6.4 What is the meaning of the ACARS message "0001 OFF"
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preflight and taxi
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en route
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approach and landing
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none of the options
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6.5 an ACARS message received only by the aircraft it’s intended for?
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7.1 What does the contraction "Selcal” mean?
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Sectional calling
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Local calling
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selective calling
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7.2 Select the reasons why Selcal is used.
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During oceanic flights, aircraft monitor a HF (high frequency) radio for clearances from a ground controller from long period of time
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HF reception is often noisy
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a pilot prefers to turn down the audio He will not miss calls intended for him
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VHF com are not to trust
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7.3 How many tones are in a Selcal code?
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7.4 How many Selcal tone pairs are transmitted simultaneously?
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7.5 Can two aircraft have the same Selcal code?
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7.6 if a pilot receives a Selcal intended for a different airplane
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8.1 how many are sent out by an ELT during a distress call?
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8.2 an ELT must be mounted
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8.3 Name the satellites that pick up and relay ELT signals?
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Cospas
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Sarsat
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Doppler
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Leosar
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Geosar
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8.4 a geostacionary satellite
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The 406 system is a mixture of Leosar and Geosar satellites. Leosar ("low earth orbit search and rescue") completely covers the globe
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9.1 Is there a combined VOR and Tacan navigational station?
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9.2 What problem of early radionavigation did VOR overcome?
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9.3 VOR waves travel
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9.4 Name the two major components of a VOR signal
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frecuency modulation
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variable phase
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subcarrier
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amplitud modulation
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reference signal
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9.5 The reference phase broadcasts in what direction?
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9.6 The variable phase rotates 60 times per second
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9.6 The variable phase rotates 10 Times per second
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9.7 What happens when the variable phase moves through magnetic north (O degrees)?
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a reference phase beams in 360 directions
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a reference phase is on its lowest frecuency
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a reference phase is on its highest frecuency
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9.8 the VOR receiver know its bearing from the VOR station by counting time
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9.9 Besides fixed and variable phase signals, are there other information broadcasted by a VOR station?
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9.10 Why is it necessary to place the reference phase signal on an FM subcarrier?
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because it is a to low frecuency
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because it is in a to hi frecuency
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because its a signal with little power
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9.11 What is the purpose of the course deviation indicator (CDI) on a VOR receiver?
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indicates the airplane heading
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indicates the VOR graund station magnetic bearing selected on the instrument
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indicates the VOR graund station runway
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• 10.2 How is RVR (Runway Visual Range) measured on an ILS runway?
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• 10.3 Name the categories of ILS.
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10.4 What component of an ILS provides an ILS provides an extended centerline to the runway?
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VNAV
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glideslope
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azimuth
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LNAV
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localizer
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10.5 IS VNAV the ILS component that provides vertical guidance to a runway?
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10.6 How many channels are allocated to localizers?
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10.7 in general aviation The localizer frequency is selected on the
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10.8 The frequencies of the two audio tones that provide left-right guidance or localizer are
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10.9 When a localizer frequency is selected on the VOR receiver, the indicator needle indicates
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10.9 When a localizer frequency is selected on the VOR receiver, the indicator needle deflected full right indicates 2.5 degrees off the center line... or more
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10.11 The compass locator of an ILS is received on the
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Inner marker beacon
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middle marker beacon
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outer marker beacon
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10.12 The localizar frecuency is tuned automatically when glideslope frequenci is selected on the receiver?
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11.1 select What were reasons for approving the Microwave Landing System?
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ILS has only 40 frequencies
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An ILS serves one runway with a single course
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the repeated "I hear music” he reported to the controller
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Installing an ILS at an airport is not simple
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the GPS technology was out of reach
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11.2 MLS creates inbound courses to runways by a scanning beam which moves back and forth beyond either side of the runway, this is called the ___________________________signal.
Antworten
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glideslope
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marker
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localizer
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azimuth
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11.4 An MLS scanning beam determine the centerline of a runway by a principle called distance Reference Scanning Beam
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11.4 An MLS scanning beam determine the centerline of a runway by a principle called time Reference Scanning Beam
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11.5 Why are there so few MLS installations at airports?
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it is to new
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it is to expensive
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Navstar systm was borned
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11.6 What type of receiver can use ILS, MLS and GPS signals?
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On what bands does ADF operate?
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An ADF with a fixed compass card can only indicate _ bearing to an NDB (non-directional beacon) station.
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Magnetic north
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Magnetic bearing
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Relative bearing
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Magnetic heading
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When the edge of an ADF loop points toward the station, strongest signal is received. This is known as a?
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When the flat side of the loop faces the station, the received signal is weakest. This is known as a?
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Which is used by the ADF receiver for determining direction, the peak or null?
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What is the purpose of a sense antenna?
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Determinar dirección
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Corregir el cuadrante
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Determinar sentido
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Determinar BFO
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Is "quadrantal error, a condition in which the loop antenna is not in a extremely straight line with the NDB?
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How is direction-finding selected'?
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Activating the ADF function
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Deactivating the ADF function
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Activating the BFO function
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Activating the ET/FLT function
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What is the function of the switch marked "BFO" or "Tone"'?
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It creates an audio from the NDB stations without audio identifier
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It helps locate very weak NDB stations
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Is makes possible the audio receptions if form of morse code by disabling the loop antenna
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What type of interference may occur in a ADF receiver?
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An airborne DME sends out a pulse known as an?
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Jitter
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Interrogating pulses
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Answer pulse
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Slant range
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DME is a component of a military system known as?
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VORTAC
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TACAN
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MILITARY DME
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In addition to distance-to-station, an airborne DME computes and?
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A distance error in DME is called Slant Range?
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All aircraft interrogating the same DME ground station are on the same frequency. How does an aircraft identify its replies from all others?
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Due to the GS reply jitter is identical of that of the interrogation
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Due to that each aircraft sends and random spacing pair of pulse that is different from all others
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Due to that the airplane first makes a link with the ground station
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How is a DME station tuned in?
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With the knob in the DME panel, you select the DME frequency.
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With the knob in the DME panel, you select the VORTAC frequency.
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With the knob in the DME panel, you select the VOR frequency.
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the radio automatically channels the correct DME frequency.
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What happens when more than about 100 aircraft interrogate the same DME ground station?
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does the DME ground station delay its reply by 50 microsecond To take time to copy aircraft interrogating panel?
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Does the DME station transmit an ID?
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A TCAS aircraft transmits an interrogation ?
Antworten
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Once per second
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Twice per second
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4 times per second
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10 times per second
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How does an intruder aircraft with an ATCRBS (early type) transponder reply to TCAS interrogations?
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With an address
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With an Threat Advisory
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Resolution Advisory
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How does an intruder aircraft with a Mode S transponder reply to TCAS interrogations?
Antworten
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With a 1090 MHz Datalink Resolution Advisory
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With a 1090 MHz Datalink Threat Advisory
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With a 1030 MHz Datalink Resolution Advisory
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With a 1030 MHz Datalink Threat Advisory
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How does TCAS determine the direction of a threat?
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does TCAS determine the distance of a threat the same way the SSR?
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How does TCAS determine whether the other aircraft is a threat?
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If it is within 2.1 NM
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If it is within 3.3 NM
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If it is within 20 NM
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Name the two kinds of warnings issued by TCAS
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What does an Resolution Authority (RA) do?
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Makes the other aircraft in collision course to appear on the screen
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Tells the othe aircraft to fly up or down and left or right
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Tells the othe aircraft to fly up or down
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If two TCA aircraft are closing, what prevents them from climbing, and flying into each other?
Antworten
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The pilot resolution
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The TCAS resolution
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Where is the technique of “whisper-shout” most useful?
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In cruise flight
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In landings only
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Near airports areas
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does the directional antenna reduce the number of replies for each interrogation?