Frage 1
Frage
Which group of back muscles are associated with movements of the shoulder?
Antworten
-
Superficial
-
Intermediate
-
Deep
Frage 2
Frage
Which group of back muscles are associated with the movements of the thoracic cage?
Antworten
-
Superficial
-
Intermediate
-
Deep
Frage 3
Frage
Which group of back muscles are associated with movements of the vertebral column?
Antworten
-
Superficial
-
Intermediate
-
Deep
Frage 4
Frage
Why are the deep muscles of the back described as intrinsic muscles, whereas the intermediate and superficial muscles are described as extrinsic?
Antworten
-
The deep muscles develop embryologically in the back
-
The superficial and intermediate muscles develop embryologically in the back
-
The deep muscles are associated with movements of the vertebral column
-
The deep muscles are associated with movements of the thoracic cage
Frage 5
Frage
The deep muscles of the back can be separated into three groups - superficial, intermediate and deep. The following questions will be about the superficial deep muscles of the back - the spinotransversales. Which of the following are part of the spinotransversales?
Antworten
-
Splenius capitis
-
Splenius cervicis
-
Iliocostalis
-
Longissimus
-
Spinalis
-
Semispinalis
-
Multifidus
-
Rotatores
Frage 6
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the SPLENIUS CAPITIS muscle of the spinotransversales - the superficial deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]ligamentum nuchae[blank_end] and spinous processes of [blank_start]C7-T3/4[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]mastoid process[blank_end] and [blank_start]occipital[blank_end] bone of the skull
INNERVATION: posterior rami of [blank_start]C3 and C4[blank_end]
ACTIONS: [blank_start]ipsilateral[blank_end] rotation of the head
Antworten
-
ligamentum nuchae
-
C7-T3/4
-
C1-C7
-
mastoid process
-
occipital
-
temporal
-
C3 and C4
-
ipsilateral
-
contralateral
Frage 7
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the SPLENIUS CERVICIS muscle of the SPINOTRANSVERSALES - the superficial deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]T3-T6[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]transverse[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]C1-3/4[blank_end]
INNERVATION: posterior rami of lower [blank_start]cervical spinal[blank_end] nerves
ACTIONS: [blank_start]ipsilateral[blank_end] rotation of the head
Antworten
-
T3-T6
-
spinous
-
transverse
-
C1-3/4
-
cervical spinal
-
thoracic spinal
-
ipsilateral
-
contralateral
Frage 8
Frage
When acting together, what can the spinotransversales - the superficial deep muscles of the back - splenius capitis and spenius cervicis, do?
Frage 9
Frage
The following questions will be about the intermediate deep back muscles. These form a column known as the erectors spinae. Which of the following muscles are included in this group?
Antworten
-
Iliocostalis
-
Longissimus
-
Spinalis
-
Spinus cervicis
-
Spinus capitis
-
Semispinalis
-
Multifidus
-
Rotatores
Frage 10
Frage
The muscles of the erector spinae all have a common tendinous origin. Where does this arise from? Check all that apply.
Frage 11
Frage
Where will you find the erector spinae?
Antworten
-
Between the vertebral spinous processes and the costal angle of the ribs
-
Between the vertebral bodies and the inside of the ribs
-
Between the transverse processes of the vertebrae and the skin
-
Between the vertebral transverse processes and the costal angle of the ribs
Frage 12
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the ILIOCOSTALIS muscle of the ERECTOR SPINAE - the intermediate deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: common tendinous origin
INSERTION: costal angle of the [blank_start]12[blank_end] ribs and transverse processes of [blank_start]C1-C7[blank_end]
INNERVATION: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] rami of spinal nerves
ACTIONS: [blank_start]unilateral[blank_end] flexion of the vertebral column, bilateral [blank_start]extension[blank_end] of the vertebral column and head
Antworten
-
12
-
first 6
-
C1-C7
-
C5-C7
-
posterior
-
anterior
-
unilateral
-
extension
Frage 13
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the LONGISSIMUS muscle of the ERECTOR SPINAE - the intermediate deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: common tendinous origin
INSERTION: transverse processes of [blank_start]C2-T12[blank_end], the angles of ribs [blank_start]7-12[blank_end] and the [blank_start]mastoid process[blank_end] of the skull
INNERVATION: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] rami of the spinal nerves
ACTIONS: unilateral [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] flexion of the vertebral column, [blank_start]bilateral[blank_end] extension of the vertebral column and head
Antworten
-
C2-T12
-
7-12
-
mastoid process
-
posterior
-
anterior
-
lateral
-
bilateral
Frage 14
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the SPINALIS muscle of the ERECTOR SPINAE - the intermediate deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: common tendinous origin
INSERTION: spinous processes of [blank_start]C2[blank_end], [blank_start]T1-T8[blank_end] and the [blank_start]occipital bone[blank_end] of the skull
INNERVATION: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] rami of the spinal nerves
ACTIONS: unilateral [blank_start]lateral flexion[blank_end] of the vertebral column, bilateral [blank_start]extension[blank_end] of the vertebral column and head
Antworten
-
C2
-
T1-T8
-
occipital bone
-
posterior
-
anterior
-
lateral flexion
-
extension
Frage 15
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the superficial deep muscles of the back - the spinotransversales - and the intermediate deep muscles of the back - the erector spinae.
Antworten
-
Longissimus capitis
-
Spinalis cervicis
-
Longissimus cervicis
-
Longissimus thoracis
-
common tendon
-
Iliocostalis lumborum
-
Spinalis thoracis
-
Iliocostalis thoracis
-
Iliocostalis cervicis
Frage 16
Frage
The following questions will be about the deep deep muscles of the back are located underneath the erector spinae. They are known as the transversospinales. Which of the following muscles are part of the transversospinales?
Antworten
-
Semispinalis
-
Multifidus
-
Rotatores
-
Spinalis cervicis
-
Spinalis capitis
-
Longissimus
-
Spinalis
-
Iliocostalis
Frage 17
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the SEMISPINALIS muscle of the deep deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]transverse[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]C4-T10[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]C2-T4[blank_end] and [blank_start]occipital[blank_end] bone of the skull
INNERVATION: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] rami of the spinal nerves
ACTIONS: [blank_start]extension[blank_end] and [blank_start]contralateral[blank_end] rotation of the head and vertebral column
Antworten
-
C4-T10
-
transverse
-
spinous
-
C2-T4
-
occipital
-
posterior
-
anterior
-
extension
-
contralateral
-
ipsilateral
Frage 18
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the MULTIFIDUS muscle of the TRANSVERSOSPINALES, the deep deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: sacrum, [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] iliac spine, common tendinous origin of [blank_start]erector spinae[blank_end], [blank_start]mamillary[blank_end] processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of [blank_start]T1-T3[blank_end], articular processes of [blank_start]C4-C7[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of vertebral segments 2-4 segments above
INNERVATION: [blank_start]posterior rami[blank_end] of the spinal nerves
ACTIONS: [blank_start]stabilisation[blank_end] of the vertebral column
Antworten
-
posterior
-
erector spinae
-
mamillary
-
T1-T3
-
C4-C7
-
spinous
-
posterior rami
-
anterior rami
-
stabilisation
-
lateral flexion
-
extension
Frage 19
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the ROTATORES muscle of the TRANSVERSOSPINALES - the deep deep muscles of the back.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]transverse[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]T2-T12[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]lamina[blank_end] and [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of the immediately [blank_start]superior[blank_end] vertebrae
INNERVATION: [blank_start]posterior[blank_end] rami of the spinal nerves
ACTIONS: [blank_start]stabilisation[blank_end] of the vertebral column and [blank_start]proprioception[blank_end]
Antworten
-
T2-T12
-
transverse
-
lamina
-
spinous
-
superior
-
inferior
-
posterior
-
anterior
-
stabilisation
-
proprioception
-
flexion
-
extension
Frage 20
Frage
Which of the minor deep deep muscles of the back spans between adjacent spinous processes to stabilise the vertebral column?
Antworten
-
Interspinales
-
Intertransversari
-
Levatores costarum
Frage 21
Frage
Which of the minor deep deep muscles of the back spans between adjacent transverse processes to stabilise the vertebral column?
Antworten
-
Interspinales
-
Intertransversari
-
Levatores costarum
Frage 22
Frage
Which of the minor deep deep muscles of the back originate from the transverse processes of C7-T11 and inserts at the rib immediately below in order to elevate the ribs?
Antworten
-
Levatores costarum
-
Interspinales
-
Intertransversari
Frage 23
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the intrinsic or deep deep back muscles.
Frage 24
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to show the intrinsic back muscles in close association with the vertebral column.
Antworten
-
Intertransversari
-
Multifidus
-
Rotatores
-
Interspinales
-
Spinous process
-
Transverse process
Frage 25
Frage
The following questions will be about the intermediate muscles of the back. Which of the following are part of this group?
Frage 26
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR muscle of the INTERMEDIATE back muscles.
ORIGIN: lower part of the [blank_start]ligamentum nuchae[blank_end], spinous processes of [blank_start]C7-T2[blank_end]
INSERTION: ribs [blank_start]2-5[blank_end]
INNERVATION: [blank_start]intercostal nerves[blank_end]
ACTIONS: [blank_start]elevation[blank_end] of ribs 2-5
Antworten
-
ligamentum nuchae
-
C7-T2
-
2-5
-
intercostal nerves
-
elevation
-
depression
Frage 27
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the SERRATUS POSTERIOR INFERIOR muscle of the INTERMEDIATE back muscles.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]T11-L3[blank_end]
INSERTION: ribs [blank_start]9-12[blank_end]
INNERVATION: [blank_start]intercostal nerves[blank_end]
ACTIONS: [blank_start]depression[blank_end] of ribs 9-12
Antworten
-
T11-L3
-
9-12
-
spinous
-
intercostal nerves
-
depression
-
elevation
Frage 28
Frage
The following questions will be on the superficial muscles of the back. These are situated underneath the skin and superficial fascia and are associated with movements of the shoulder. Which of the following muscles are a part of this group?
Frage 29
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the TRAPEZIUS muscle of the SUPERFICIAL back muscles.
ORIGIN: skull, [blank_start]ligamentum nuchae[blank_end] and [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]C7-T12[blank_end]
INSERTION: clavicle, acromion and [blank_start]scapula spine[blank_end]
INNERVATION: motor innervation by [blank_start]the accessory nerve (CNXI)[blank_end] and proprioceptive fibres from [blank_start]C3 and C4[blank_end]
ACTIONS: upper fibres [blank_start]elevate[blank_end] the scapula and [blank_start]rotate[blank_end] during [blank_start]abduction[blank_end], middle fibres [blank_start]retract[blank_end] the scapula, lower fibres [blank_start]depress[blank_end] the scapula
Frage 30
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the LATISSIMUS DORSI muscle of the SUPERFICIAL back muscles.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]T6-T12[blank_end], [blank_start]thoracolumbar fascia[blank_end], ribs [blank_start]10-12[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]intertubercular sulcus[blank_end] of the [blank_start]humerus[blank_end]
INNERVATION: [blank_start]thoracodorsal nerve[blank_end] (C6-C8)
ACTIONS: [blank_start]extension[blank_end], adduction and [blank_start]medial[blank_end] rotation of the upper limb
Antworten
-
T6-T12
-
spinous
-
thoracolumbar fascia
-
10-12
-
intertubercular sulcus
-
humerus
-
thoracodorsal nerve
-
extension
-
medial
-
lateral
-
flexion
Frage 31
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the LEVATOR SCAPULAE muscle of the SUPERFICIAL back muscles.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]transverse[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]C1-C4[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]medial border[blank_end] of the scapula
INNERVATION: [blank_start]dorsal scapular nerve[blank_end]
ACTIONS: [blank_start]elevation[blank_end] of the scapula
Frage 32
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the RHOMBOID MAJOR muscle of the SUPERFICIAL back muscles.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]T2-T5[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]medial border[blank_end] of the scapula
INNERVATION: [blank_start]dorsal scapular nerve[blank_end] (C5)
ACTIONS: [blank_start]retraction[blank_end] and rotation of the scapula
Antworten
-
spinous
-
T2-T5
-
medial border
-
dorsal scapular nerve
-
retraction
-
protraction
Frage 33
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the RHOMBOID MINOR muscle of the SUPERFICIAL back muscles.
ORIGIN: [blank_start]spinous[blank_end] processes of [blank_start]C7-T1[blank_end]
INSERTION: [blank_start]medial border[blank_end] of the scapula
INNERVATION: [blank_start]dorsal scapular nerve[blank_end] (C5)
ACTIONS: [blank_start]retraction[blank_end] and rotation of the scapula
Antworten
-
spinous
-
C7-T1
-
medial border
-
spine
-
C1-C7
-
dorsal scapular nerve
-
retraction
-
protraction
Frage 34
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the superficial back muscles.
Antworten
-
Trapezius
-
Latissimus dorsi
-
Rhomboid major
-
Rhomboid minor
-
Levator scapulae
Frage 35
Frage
The thoracolumbar fascia consists of three layers - posterior, middle, and anterior.
Frage 36
Frage
Which muscle occurs between the anterior and middle layers of the thoracolumbar fascia?
Antworten
-
Quadratus lumborum
-
Psoas major
-
Deep back muscles
-
Trapezius
Frage 37
Frage
Where do the deep back muscles occur in relation to the thoracolumbar fascia?
Antworten
-
Between the anterior and middle layers
-
Between the middle and posterior layers
-
Anterior to the anterior layer
Frage 38
Frage
Where does the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia extend to and from?
Antworten
-
Between the 12th rib and the iliac crest
-
Between the vertebra prominens and the iliac crest
-
Between the sacral promotory and the 12th rib
-
Between the first rib and the iliac crest
Frage 39
Frage
What does the thoracolumbar fascia meet as it extends laterally?
Antworten
-
Internal oblique
-
Transversus abdominis
-
External oblique
Frage 40
Frage
Where does the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia attach? Check all that apply.
Frage 41
Frage
Laterally, the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia is continuous with the aponeurotic origin of....
Antworten
-
Transversus abdominis
-
Internal oblique
-
External oblique
-
Iliacus
Frage 42
Frage
Superiorly, the thoracolumbar fascia thickens to become...
Frage 43
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the layers of the thoracolumbar fascia and how it separates the muscles of the back.
Antworten
-
Psoas major
-
Quadratus lumborum
-
Deep back muscles
-
Anterior layer
-
Middle layer
-
Posterior layer
Frage 44
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the thoracolumbar fascia and its layers in the back.
Antworten
-
Psoas major
-
Quadratus lumborum
-
Erector spinae
-
Anterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia
-
Middle layer of thoracolumbar fascia
-
Posterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia
-
Transversus abdominis
-
Latissimus dorsi