Frage 1
Frage
What is the mediastinum?
Antworten
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The central compartment of the thoracic cavity between the two pleural sacs
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The posterior compartment of the thoracic cavity behind the two pleural sacs
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The abdominal cavity
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The opening into the thorax bound by the first thoracic vertebra and first ribs
Frage 2
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the regions of the mediastinum.
Frage 3
Frage
The superior thoracic aperture might also be referred to as the 'thoracic inlet', which is unusual because 'thoracic outlet' syndromes occur there.
Frage 4
Frage
What is the superior thoracic aperture bound by?
Antworten
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T1, inside of first rib, superior border of manubrium
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T1, inside of first rib, sternal angle
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T2, inside of second rib, sternal angle
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T1, inside of second rib, xiphisternum
Frage 5
Frage
The suprapleural membrane arches over the superior thoracic aperture to seal the neck from the thoracic cavity. Where is the suprapleural membrane found?
Antworten
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Between C7 and the first rib
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Between C1 and the first rib
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Between T1 and the first rib
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Between T1 and the second rib
Frage 6
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the superior thoracic aperture. The suprapleural membrane is shown in green.
Frage 7
Frage
What forms the boundaries of the inferior thoracic aperture/thoracic outlet
Antworten
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Costal margin, tip of the 11th rib, inferior border of 12th rib, T12
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Costal margin, T12
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Inferior border of the 12th rib, T12
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Costal margin, tip of the 11th rib, inferior border of 12th rib, L1
Frage 8
Frage
Where is the theoretical line that divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior compartments?
Antworten
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Between the sternal angle and T4
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Between the jugular notch and C7
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Between the sternal angle and T2
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Between the xiphisternum and T7
Frage 9
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the superior mediastinum.
SUPERIOR - [blank_start]thoracic inlet[blank_end]
INFERIOR - continuous with the inferior mediastinum at the level of [blank_start]the sternal angle[blank_end]
ANTERIOR - [blank_start]manubrium[blank_end] of the sternum
POSTERIOR - vertebral bodies of [blank_start]T1-T4[blank_end]
LATERAL - [blank_start]pleurae of the lungs[blank_end]
Antworten
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thoracic inlet
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base of the skull
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the sternal angle
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T7
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C1
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manubrium
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body
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xiphoid process
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T1-T4
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C1-T1
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T1-T7
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pleurae of the lungs
Frage 10
Frage
Which of the following vessels will you find in the superior mediastinum?
Frage 11
Frage
Which of the following nerves will you find in the superior mediastinum?
Frage 12
Frage
Which of the following structures will you find in the superior mediastinum?
Antworten
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Thymus gland
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Trachea
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Oesophagus
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Thoracic duct
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Diaphragm
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Stomach
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Heart
Frage 13
Frage
Which of the following muscles will you find in the superior mediastinum?
Antworten
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Sternohyoid
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Sternothyroid
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Longus colli
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Anterior scalene
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Posterior scalene
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Sternocleidomastoid
Frage 14
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to label the neurovasculature of the superior mediastinum.
Antworten
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Right reccurent laryngeal nerve
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Anterior scalene
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Right phrenic nerve
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Brachiocephalic trunk
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Left subclavian vein
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Left subclavian artery
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Left internal jugular vein
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Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
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Left common carotid artery
Frage 15
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the veins found in the mediastinum.
Antworten
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Left superior intercostal vein
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Accessory hemiazygos vein
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Communication between azygos/hemiazygos
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Azygos vein
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Arch of azygos
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Superior vena cava
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Right superior intercostal vein
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Intercostal veins
Frage 16
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the arteries of the thoracic cage.
Antworten
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Supreme intercostal artery
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Costocervical trunk
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subclavian artery
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Posterior intercostal artery
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Collateral branch
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Musculophrenic artery
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Superior epigastric artery
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Anterior intercostal artery
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Anterior perforating branches
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Internal thoracic artery
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Aorta
Frage 17
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the anterior mediastinum.
LATERAL: [blank_start]mediastinal pleura[blank_end]
ANTERIOR: [blank_start]body[blank_end] of the sternum and [blank_start]transversus thoracis[blank_end]
POSTERIOR: [blank_start]pericardium[blank_end]
ROOF: continuous with superior mediastinum at the level of [blank_start]the sternal angle[blank_end]
FLOOR: [blank_start]diaphragm[blank_end]
Antworten
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mediastinal pleura
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costal pleura
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diaphragmatic pleura
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body
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xiphoid process
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manubrium
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transversus thoracis
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pericardium
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oesophagus
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diaphragm
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the sternal angle
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T5
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C1
Frage 18
Frage
The anterior mediastinum contains no major structures.
Frage 19
Frage
What extends inferiorly into the anterior mediastinum in children?
Antworten
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Thymus
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Pericardium
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Right lung
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Oesophagus
Frage 20
Frage
Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the borders of the middle mediastinum.
ANTERIOR: [blank_start]anterior margin of pericardium[blank_end]
POSTERIOR: [blank_start]posterior border of pericardium[blank_end]
LATERAL: [blank_start]mediastinal pleura[blank_end]
SUPERIOR: theoretical line between sternal angle and [blank_start]T4[blank_end]
INFERIOR: superior surface of [blank_start]diaphragm[blank_end]
Frage 21
Frage
Which of the following occur in the middle mediastinum?
Antworten
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Heart
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Tracheal bifurcation
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Thymus
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Oesophagus
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Lungs
Frage 22
Frage
Which of the following vessels will you find in the middle mediastinum?
Frage 23
Frage
Which of the following nerveswill you find in the middle mediastinum?
Frage 24
Frage
Which lymph nodes will you find in the middle mediastinum?
Antworten
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Tracheobronchial
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Coeliac
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Right gastroepiploic
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Thoracic duct
Frage 25
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the borders of the posterior mediastinum.
LATERAL: [blank_start]mediastinal pleura[blank_end]
ANTERIOR: [blank_start]pericardium[blank_end]
POSTERIOR: [blank_start]T5-T12 vertebrae[blank_end]
ROOF: theoretical line between the sternal angle and [blank_start]T4[blank_end]
FLOOR: [blank_start]diaphragm[blank_end]
Antworten
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mediastinal pleura
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pericardium
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T5-T12 vertebrae
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T4-T7
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T1-T4
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T4
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T1
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T12
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diaphragm
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stomach
Frage 26
Frage
Which of the following vessels will you find in the posterior mediastinum?
Antworten
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Thoracic aorta
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Posterior intercostal arteries
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Bronchial arteries
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Oesophageal arteries
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Superior phrenic arteries
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Azygos vein
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Hemiazygos vein
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Accessory hemiazygos vein
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Coeliac trunk
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Superior vena cava
Frage 27
Frage
Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the thoracic aorta.
Antworten
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Deep cervical artery
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Costocervical trunk
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1st rib
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Supreme intercostal artery
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Ligamentum arteriosum
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Coronary arteries
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Mediastinal branches
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Pericardial branches
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Diaphragm
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Superior phrenic arteries
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Coeliac trunk
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Subcostal artery
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Posterior intercostal arteries
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Oesophageal arteries
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Thoracic aorta
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Brocnhial arteries
Frage 28
Frage
Where will you find the oesophagus?
Antworten
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Posterior mediastinum
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Anterior mediastinum
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Superior mediastinum
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Middle mediastinum
Frage 29
Frage
Which of the following vessels occur in the posterior mediastinum?
Frage 30
Frage
The thoracic duct occurs in the posterior mediastinum.