Frage 1
Frage
Significantly increased serum bilirubin levels will most likely cause which of the following to be visualized on hepatobiliary images?
Antworten
-
kidneys
-
colon
-
lungs
-
pancreas
-
spleen
Frage 2
Frage
In preparation for hepatobiliary imaging, patients are required to fast to:
Antworten
-
prevent renal uptake of the tracer
-
enhance liver uptake of the tracer
-
minimize the risk of radioactive emesis
-
avoid stimulating the gallbladder
-
avoid gastric interference
Frage 3
Frage
During hepatobiliary imaging, which structure will NOT be visualized if cyctic duct obstruction is present?
Antworten
-
gallbladder
-
common bile duct
-
stomach
-
small intestine
-
common hepatic duct
Frage 4
Frage
In a normal hepatobiliary study, which of the following structures will NOT be visualized?
Antworten
-
liver
-
common bile duct
-
spleen
-
gallbladder
-
intestines
Frage 5
Frage
In a normal hepatobiliary study, excretion of the tracer into the intestine should occur a maximum of how long after tracer administration?
Antworten
-
20-30 min
-
35-40 min
-
45-60 min
-
1-2 hr
-
2-3 hr
Frage 6
Frage
Which of the following agents would be used to perform a gallbladder ejection fraction?
Antworten
-
morphine and 99mTc-lidofenin
-
sincalide and 99mTc-sulphur colloid
-
sincalide and 99mTc-disofenin
-
morphine and 99mTc-mertiatide
-
sincalide and 99mTc-medronate
Frage 7
Frage
If the gallbladder is not visualized within 60 minutes during hepatobiliary imaging, which of the following may be administered?
Antworten
-
cimetidine
-
morphine
-
dobutamine
-
furosemide
-
adenosine
Frage 8
Frage
Morphine is administered during hepatobiliary imaging to cause the:
Antworten
-
cystic duct to open
-
gallbladder to empty completely
-
sphincter of Oddi to contract
-
tracer to be diverted to the common bile duct
-
tracer to be diverted into the spleen
Frage 9
Frage
Consumption of a fatty meal may have the same effect on the hepatobiliary system as which of the following compounds?
Antworten
-
cimetidine
-
furosemide
-
morphine
-
sincalide
-
aspirin
Frage 10
Frage
A synthetic form of cholecystokinin is:
Antworten
-
glucagon
-
cimetidine
-
pentagastrin
-
sincalide
-
mebrofenin
Frage 11
Frage
If 0.02 mcg/kg of cholecystokinin is needed for a hepatobiliary study, what volume needs to be drawn for a 175 lb patient with a solution of 10 mcg/mL available to draw from?
Antworten
-
0.115 mL
-
0.129 mL
-
0.134 mL
-
0.149 mL
-
0.159 mL
Frage 12
Frage
If CCK is administered prior to the IDA study when should IDA be administered?
Antworten
-
immediately after the CCK
-
within 30 minutes of the CCK
-
60 minutes after the CCK
-
15 minutes before the CCK
-
CCK should never be administered prior to the IDA
Frage 13
Frage
What would be the purpose of administering Phenobarbital during an IDA study?
Antworten
-
to provide the patient with mild sedation
-
to stimulate gallbladder contraction
-
to increase liver excretion of IDA
-
to shorten the length of the study
-
to improve gallbladder visualization in neonates
Frage 14
Frage
When may a second dose of 99mTc-disofenin be given?
Antworten
-
if the patient is very large
-
in the presence of liver failure
-
if the gallbladder is full
-
if the exam is lasting a long time
-
if the patient has elevated bilirubin levels
Frage 15
Frage
What procedure would be appropriate for an IDA study?
Antworten
-
anterior images of the abdomen every 10 minutes for 60 minutes
-
anterior and posterior images of the abdomen every 15 minutes for 1 hour
-
500k static images of the anterior, posterior, lateral and obliques of the abdomen
-
SPECT imaging of the abdomen
-
1 minute per frame dynamic images for 15 minutes
Frage 16
Frage
The radiologist asks you to perform a left anterior oblique view following the 60 minute dynamic IDA study. What is the purpose of this view?
Antworten
-
To distinguish between gallbladder and bowel and/or duct
-
To distinguish between gallbladder and renal pelvis
-
To determine the gallbladder ejection fraction
-
These views are not used in an IDA study
-
To distinguish between liver and gallbladder
Frage 17
Frage
You notice an increased amount of renal excretion during a IDA study on a patient known to have poor hepatic function. What static view would best separate the renal pelvis from the gallbladder?
Antworten
-
right lateral
-
left lateral
-
left anterior oblique
-
left posterior oblique
-
right posterior oblique
Frage 18
Frage
All of the following may result in a false positive interpretation for acute cholecystitis EXCEPT:
Frage 19
Frage
When administering Sincalide, you inject the pharmaceutical over 30 seconds instead of a slow infusion over 60 minutes. This may cause the patient to experience:
Frage 20
Frage
Which of the following is/are indications for determination of the gallbladder ejection fraction with Sincalide?
i. chronic cholecystitis
ii. acute cholecystitis
iii. bile leaks
iv. biliary dyskinesis
Antworten
-
ii only
-
i and iv
-
i, ii, and iv
-
i, ii, iii, and iv
Frage 21
Frage
What is the purpose of morphine administration during an IDA study?
Antworten
-
relieve the patient's symptoms
-
shorten the study time
-
contract the gallbladder
-
determine the gallbladder ejection fraction
-
differentiate biliary atresia from neonatal hepatitis
Frage 22
Frage
Which statement is correct in describing the normal result in an IDA study?
Antworten
-
maximum liver uptake at 10 minutes
-
gallbladder visualization within 5 minutes
-
bowel activity should appear in 15-20 minutes
-
gallbladder ejection fraction of 20%
Frage 23
Frage
An alternate imaging modality is required to distinguish _______________ as they have the same presentation on a hepatobiliary scan.
Antworten
-
acute acalculous cholecystitis and chronic cholecystitis
-
biliary atresia and neonatal hepatitis
-
acute high grade biliary obstruction and hepatitis
-
acute cholecystitis and chronic cholecystitis
-
complete biliary obstruction and partial biliary obstruction
Frage 24
Frage
A patient is in the nuclear medicine department for a hepatobiliary scan post-cholecystectomy. What additional atypical views may be protocoled for this patient?
Antworten
-
lateral views over the pelvis
-
RAO over the abdomen
-
anterior and posterior views over the abdomen
-
lateral views over the chest
Frage 25
Frage
A 24 year old female patient reported to the emergency department with right upper quadrant pain this morning and a IDA scan was ordered. These are her images. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Antworten
-
acute cholecystitis
-
normal study
-
chronic cholecystitis
-
biliary obstruction
-
bile leak
Frage 26
Frage
A 56 year old female patient had a cholecystectomy yesterday. The following images were obtained today. What should you do next?
Antworten
-
administer 0.02ug/kg Sincalide via slow infusion for 60 minutes while obtaining a 60 minute dynamic
-
administer 0.04mg/kg morphine over 3 minutes and image for an additional 30 minutes
-
submit the images for reporting and allow the patient to leave the department
-
have the radiologist review the images immediately while keeping the patient in the department
-
allow the patient to leave and come back for more images in another 3 hours
Frage 27
Frage
What is the diagnosis?
Frage 28
Frage
How will the GBEF compare when done with CCK versus Ensure drink?
Antworten
-
the GBEF may be slightly lower with Ensure
-
the GBEF may be slightly higher with Ensure
-
There would be no difference in GBEF
-
Ensure is not used for GBEF
Frage 29
Frage
When calculating the gallbladder ejection fraction you forget to draw a background region of interest. What would be the effect on the ejection fraction?
Antworten
-
it would be overestimated
-
it would be underestimated
-
it would have no effect
-
the effect is unpredictable
Frage 30
Frage
The following results were obtained from the regions of interest drawn on pre- and post-Sincalide IDA images:
Pre-sincalide: 156325 counts
Post-sincalide: 91254 counts
Background: 2345 counts
The resulting ejection fraction may be reported as:
Antworten
-
unequivocally normal
-
abnormal
-
equivocal
-
indeterminate
Frage 31
Frage
How will GB appear during a hepatobiliary scan (its anatomical position) if the image was taken from the RT lateral position?
Antworten
-
Anterior and to the viewer’s right
-
Anterior and to the viewer’s left
-
Posterior and to the patient’s right
-
Posterior and to the patient’s left