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Which is NOT a type of location-allocation problem type?
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Minimize Impedance
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Optimize Cost
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Maximize Coverage
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Minimize Facilities
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costdf = e(λ * impedancedf)
This equation represents which impedance transformation in location-allocation?
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Linear
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Power
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Exponential
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None of the Above
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In some location-allocation problems one must locate a new facility amongst existing, non competing facilities that provide the same service. These existing facilities are referred to as _____ in the model.
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Candidate facilities
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Required facilities
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Competitor facilities
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Chosen facilities
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A Network Dataset is ideal but not required to run a location-allocation model.
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Competitor facilities are specific to the maximize market share and target market share problem types.
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The Huff Model is an established business tool used to describe the interaction between consumer and facility.
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Which type of problem type can be used to locate candidate facilities that are near competitor facilities.
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Minimize Impedance
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Maximize Coverage
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Minimize Facilities
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Maximize Market Share
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People or things that require a facility are termed
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Candidate Facilities
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Chosen Facilities
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Demand Points
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Competitor Facilities
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There are at least two iterations within the Teitz and Bart Heuristic. The first iteration…
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Assigns each demand point to its nearest chosen facility
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Assigns the chosen facility as the required facility
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Assigns the competitor facility as the chosen facility
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Assigns the demand point class to the nearest competitor facility
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Spatial Autocorrelation gives a measure of dispersion and how data is distributed
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Moran’s I is based on a connectivity matrix and a proximity matrix
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Rook’s method of determining adjacency used diagonal connectivity
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All spatial autocorrelation measures are based on cross product statistics
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Which is an alternative to Moran’s I?
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What does n represent?
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proximity between cells
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continuity between cells
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number of cells
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number of variables
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After performing the Moran’s I calculation, you will have:
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What does this image indicate?
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A positive spatial autocorrelation
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A negative spatial autocorrelation
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A random spatial autocorrelation
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None of the above
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Who’s first law forms the basis of spatial autocorrelation?
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What is one of the primary limitations of Moran’s I
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It relies on too much hard math
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It is not good for highly variable data
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Not everyone plays chess and terms like rook, bishop, and queen are confusing
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You need a super powerful computer to properly run the algorithm
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The GRASS algorithm is an example of a probability analysis tool
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Fuzzy Viewshed Tools return a raster of exclusively 1’s and 0’s
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Intervisibility assumes that if an object is in the viewshed of a tower, the tower is also in that object’s viewshed.
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The quality of a probability analysis improves with more input binary rasters.
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The Following is NOT a type of Viewshed Analysis:
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Binary
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Fuzzy
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Divergent
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Probability
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Which of the following fields does NOT use Viewshed:
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Archaeology
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Military Science
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Urban Planning
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Spelunking
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What does a Probable Viewshed Analysis take into account?:
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What does a Fuzzy Viewshed Analysis take into account?
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Fuzzy Viewshed Analysis does NOT require this as an input:
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Binary Viewshed Raster
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Slope Raster
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Euclidian Distance
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Distance Decay Function
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What is NOT a limitation of a Binary viewshed
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You are safe from tracking if you turn off the GPS in your phone.
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The three techniques of using Wi-fi positioning system is cell identification and forward link
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What are not the concerns of geotagging?
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What is not a way to geotag a location?
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We used FME Workbench to extract geotagged data as point?
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The full power of ArcGIS can be used on extracted geotagged photos?
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How accurate is the location information of geotagged photos?
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30 - 40m
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10 - 40 cm
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10m - 20m
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What tool was used to extract the points from the geotagged photos?
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In AGPS which technique has the receiver still communicating with the satellites?
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Mobile station assisted
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Mobile station based
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Mobile station helper
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GeoServer is open source.
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GeoServer is OGC compliant.
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Secured Socket Layer utilizes port #443.
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GeoServer can only be installed on a virtual server.
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Which of the following ports are not neccessary for a PostGIS enabled database and GeoServer system?
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22 (SSH)
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80 (httpd)
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5432 (postgresql)
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8443(SSL)
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110(POP3)
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What is the Debian command that corresponds to Linux command-line command ‘yum’?
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wget
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rpm
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sudo
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apt-get
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make
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What file has to be modified to allow remote access to the PostgreSQL database?
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pg_hba.conf
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iptables
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postgresql.conf
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httpd.conf
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workers.properties
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Which one of the following formats can NOT be used with GeoServer?
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KML
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GML
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SHP
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GeoTIFF
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MrSID
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WAR
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Which one of the following must be up and running before you install Tomcat?
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Which one of the following is not a strength of GeoServer?
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Integrate with existing map APIs
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Equipped with proprietary spatial engine
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Compatible with popular GIS formats
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Capable of tile caching
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Customizable layout templates
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Which is a source of error
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Undershoot
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Instrument Inaccuracy
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Changes over time
-
All of the above
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The accuracy of the Monte Carlo method is inversely related to the square root of the number of runs N?
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What does ‘g’ represent in the following formula?
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Output
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Attribute
-
GIS operation
-
None of the above
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Which error propagation technique is an approximation of things based on samples?
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Uncertainty cascades through a sequence of operations in spatial GIS data
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Error propagation can only be used once the input errors to the analysis are available
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What is the most important thing to take into account when running a Monte Carlo method?
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Randomly generated numbers
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Approximation of the GIS operation
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Numbers fall within 1 standard deviation from mean
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All of the above
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What is the aim of the Taylor series approximation method?
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Which of the following is not a cause of errors in GIS
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Collection
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Classification
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Digitization
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Measurement
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None of the above
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When no record is kept of the accuracy of intermediate results, it become extremely difficult to evaluate the accuracy of the final results.
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In Step 1 of Dijkstra’s algorithm, when setting tentative distances, the source node should be set to zero and all other nodes to infinity
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The CCRP method is MORE ACCURATE that the linear programming algorithm
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What is the name of the set.list created after the source node is set as "current"?
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Unmarked Set
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Unvisited Set
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Unnamed Set
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Network Set
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None
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Which of the following is NOT true of the Game Theory approach to Dijkstra’s algorithm?
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finds the most efficient path
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algorithms can handle unexpected events
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can't be used for prediction
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can account for congestion
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What is the basic purpose of Dijkstra’s algorithm?
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During the algorithms calculation, each node in the network is continuously revisited
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Dijkstra’s algorithm was formulated in 1956 and published in 1958
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Which of the following are variants of Dijkstra’s algorithm?
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Common
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Priority Queue
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Uniform cost search
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All of the Above
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Why can a game theory approach to routing provide better results for each traveller compared to a naive approach?
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Every traveller takes other's choices into account
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Making better use of the entire network
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Not focussing on the shortest path only
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All of the above
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None of the above
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What is a real life application of Game theory approach to routing?
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R is an implementation of which language ?
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C
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Python
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Greek
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S
-
None of the above
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R is best suited for
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Which package was used to read in a shapefile?
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readShapePoly()
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maptools
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CoolTips
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DPLYR
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All of the above
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Which R package provides the left_join() function?
Antworten
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dplyr
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postgis
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RStudio
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maptools
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Which publications is using R to create award winning data visualizations?
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Der Spiegel
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Washington Post
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New York Times
-
None of the above
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How many packages are available for R?
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R supports 3-Dimensional Arrays
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You can use <= to assign variable values.
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R can be run with single commands in the console.
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One can implement Colorbrewer palettes within R.
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The two main sections of Lidar data are Airborne and Terrestrial
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All of these can process Lidar data except:
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GRASS
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ArcGIS
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ENVI
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GlobalMapper
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None of the above
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A user can import .las files from the “add data tool” in ArcMap
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Which of the following is not included in the UG survey Lidar rules:
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Sources of uncertainty in extracting vector features from LIDAR data can be found in…
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How many returns does a LIDAR pulse produce?
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From the 31 classifications in the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, many of them are placeholders for future classifications
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ArcToolbox in ArcGIS has a Change Vector Analysis tool.
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CVA is a change detection technique that can be used on multispectral datasets.
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Sector codes may be used to interpret what type of change is occurring.
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The algorithms used within CVA are based on the Pythagorean Theorem and the cosine function.
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Before CVA can be conducted, what needs to be done to the input images?
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What is a limitation of using CVA for change detection?
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It can’t be used to detect change in multispectral datasets
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It is difficult to determine threshold value
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It produces poor results when applied to forestry applications
-
None of the above
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Which of the following is not a common change detection technique?
Antworten
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Change Vector Analysis
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Post-classification
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Image differencing
-
Image multiplication
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What datasets are appropriate for CVA?
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Feature classes
-
Raster datasets
-
Tables
-
All of the above
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Which of the following is an output of CVA?
Antworten
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Change direction
-
Change rotation
-
Change ratio
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Change integration
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If change magnitude = 0, what does this indicate?
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NoData
-
At least one band has an input pixel DN value of 0
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No change in DN value in at least one band
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No change in DN value over all bands
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What is NOT a method of calculating a Voronoi Diagram?
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Fortunes Algorithm
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Divide and Conquer
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Construction Algorithm
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Dijkstra’s Algorithm
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When could you use a Voronoi Diagram?
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To create a rainfall surface
-
To determine the nearest pub to BCIT
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To determine paths of least resistance
-
All of the above
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What method of Voronoi Diagram calculation is more time efficient?
Antworten
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Fortunes Algorithm
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Divide and Conquer
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Construction Algorithm
-
Dijkstra’s Algorithm
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A Voronoi diagram divides the drawing into regions around each point that are shaped so that the borders of the regions are equidistant from the two nearest points.
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Voronoi Diagrams first use was linked to Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet in 1705
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What is euclidean geometry?
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a way of dividing space where objects in an area are more related to each other than the area that surrounds them
-
a type of analytic geometry, which uses coordinates
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a type of synthetic geometry, which does not use coordinates
-
a way of dividing space where objects in that space are closer to the object it surrounds than any other object
-
Both A and B
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Both C and D
Frage 102
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a closed space
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a open or closed space
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a concave space
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one dimensional space
Frage 103
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have internal angles greater than 180 degrees
-
are an open space with angles less than 180 degrees
-
are entirely contained, defined by each of its edges
-
can only be strict convex polygons
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Sweep line algorithms can be used for generating Voronoi Diagrams
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The point between three Voronoi points is a vertices or node
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Which is NOT the type of geometries that form a multipatch?
Antworten
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Rings
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Triangle Fans
-
Pyramids
-
Triangle Strips
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ArcScene and ArcGlobe can be used display and analyse 3D models
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Which tool is used for storing Multipatch data?
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ArcGIS does not have tools for applying Multipatch textures
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Which of the following is not true?
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Multipatch is a 3D geometry data type
-
Retain Multipatch textures by storing in a Geodatabase
-
Multipatch is viewable in 3D on ArcMap
-
Rings are 3D polygons defined by a bounded area
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What is the data type of this structure? (0, 1, 2), (0, 2, 3), (0, 3, 4), (0, 4, 5)?
Antworten
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Triangle strips
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Triangle fans
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Rings
-
lines
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5 points can form triangle-structured a multipatch
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Inner ring-structure should be counter-clockwise direction
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What feature class is needed for executing Intersect 3D analysis?
Antworten
-
Multipatch
-
Polygon
-
Line
-
Point
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What attributes can be added with Add Z Information tool?
Antworten
-
Height values
-
Surface area
-
Volume
-
All of above
Frage 116
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What data format is not recommended for
temporal Data?
Antworten
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Date
-
String
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Double
-
Integer
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A model that uses 12 layers representing Saskatchewan's monthly precipitation values in 2010 is an example of which data model?
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What is the difference between real time and
near real time data?
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What toolbar is used to create Keyframes?
Antworten
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COGO
-
Raster Planning
-
Animation
-
Spatial Analyst
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What needs to be enabled in order to use the Time Slider?
Antworten
-
Symbology
-
Topology
-
Animation Tools
-
None of the Above
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A model that uses 1 layer with a Date field
within the attributes is an example of which
data model.
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Event Based Spatiotemporal Data Model best
represents Vector Data.
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The Snapshot Data Model, which timestamps
layers, has issues with data redundancy
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ArcGIS has the ability to convert Strings into
Date field types
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Weather Stations are a good example of
discrete temporal entity.
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What is NOT an example of a fractal mathematical set?
Antworten
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Mandelbrot Set
-
Kalender Set
-
Koch Curve Set
-
Cantor Set
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As the length of a measuring stick is scaled smaller, the measured perimeter of a coastline decreases
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Benoit coined the term fractal
Frage 129
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What does the diamond step of the diamond-square algorithm do?
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Assigns a midpoint between the corner points
-
Assigns the first corner point
-
Assigns a mean value for the mid points
-
Assigns a center value for the square
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What does the square step of the diamond square algorithm do?
Antworten
-
Assigns a midpoint between the corner points
-
Assigns the first corner point
-
Assigns a mean value for the mid points
-
Assigns a center value for the square
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In GRASS GIS, which of the following is NOT a parameter that can be specified when running r.surf.fractal?
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output raster name
-
number of topological dimensions
-
number of intermediate images to save
-
number of fractal dimensions
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A theoretical ideal cube has how many fractal dimensions?
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With the correct parameters set, r.surf.fractal can produce an aspect raster.
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The rougher a surface is, the fewer fractal dimensions the surface has.
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GRASS GIS uses the following method to create a fractal surface
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What is self-similarity
Antworten
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an object looks like another object
-
an objects subset looks like the whole object
-
an object looks like a fractals subset
-
a fractals subset looks like the whole
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The diamond square algorithm was introduced at the Special Interest Group on Graphics and Interactive Techniques (SIGGRAPH)