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IBS Set 1 Quiz - DNA and Gene expression

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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Adenine complementary pairs to what other bases in DNA and RNA?
Antworten
  • Cytosine
  • Guanine
  • Thymine
  • Uracil

Frage 2

Frage
What direction does the coding strand run in?
Antworten
  • 5' to 3'
  • 3' to 5'

Frage 3

Frage
What direction does the template strand run in?
Antworten
  • 5' to 3'
  • 3' to 5'

Frage 4

Frage
What is the correct process of DNA replication?
Antworten
  • DNA helicase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 5' to 3' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
  • DNA helicase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 3' to 5' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
  • DNA gyrase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 5' to 3' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
  • DNA gyrase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 3' to 5' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA ligase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.

Frage 5

Frage
What is the function of Gyrase?
Antworten
  • Prevent DNA supercoiling
  • Unwind the double stranded DNA
  • Remove RNA primers
  • Add DNA repeats to the 3' end of DNA strands in telomere regions (at the end of the chromosome)

Frage 6

Frage
What is the function of telomerase?
Antworten
  • Add DNA repeats to the 3' end of DNA strands in telomere regions (at the end of the chromosome)
  • Prevents DNA supercoiling
  • Unwinds the DNA double strand
  • Remove RNA primers

Frage 7

Frage
Which type of RNA encodes the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide?
Antworten
  • mRNA
  • rRNA
  • tRNA
  • snRNA

Frage 8

Frage
Which type of RNA forms a protein complex which aid in the formation of a spliceosome?
Antworten
  • mRNA
  • snRNA
  • rRNA
  • tRNA

Frage 9

Frage
Which type of RNA is a component of the ribosome?
Antworten
  • rRNA
  • mRNA
  • tRNA
  • snRNA

Frage 10

Frage
Which type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosomes during translation?
Antworten
  • tRNA
  • rRNA
  • mRNA
  • snRNA

Frage 11

Frage
What does label 1 show on the model of the gene?
Image:
6d758d53-a478-4547-8a1f-ee4cafd1dcd3 (image/png)
Antworten
  • Promoter
  • RNA coding sequence
  • Terminator

Frage 12

Frage
What does label 2 show on the model of the gene?
Image:
ccf26974-bf47-487b-8855-57ee8897c91e (image/png)
Antworten
  • Promoter
  • RNA coding sequence
  • Terminator

Frage 13

Frage
What does label 3 show on the model of the gene?
Image:
369f13fa-dbbc-404f-bcde-8749d40d8dfa (image/png)
Antworten
  • Promoter
  • RNA coding sequence
  • Terminator

Frage 14

Frage
The process of transcription is what?
Antworten
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Gyrase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 5' to 3' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Telomerase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 5' to 3' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Gyrase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 3' to 5' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
  • DNA Helicase unwinds -> Telomerase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 3' to 5' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.

Frage 15

Frage
Splicing occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 16

Frage
Select the processes which occur in the nucleus
Antworten
  • DNA replication
  • Transcription
  • Splicing
  • Translation

Frage 17

Frage
Select the process which occurs in the cytoplasm
Antworten
  • DNA replication
  • Translation
  • Transcription
  • Splicing

Frage 18

Frage
The start codon on mRNA is always what set of bases?
Antworten
  • ATG
  • TAC
  • AUG
  • AGU

Frage 19

Frage
The 40s subunit of an 80s ribosome contains the P and A site where the tRNA binds.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 20

Frage
What is the process of amino acid charging?
Antworten
  • AA attaches to amino-acyl tRNA synthetase -> ATP binds to docking site -> hydrolysed to AMP -> AMP exits -> tRNA becomes charged -> charged tRNA is released
  • AA attaches to amino-acyl tRNA synthetase -> ATP binds to docking site -> hydrolysed to ADP -> ADP exits -> tRNA becomes charged -> charged tRNA is released

Frage 21

Frage
What is the process of translation?
Antworten
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon UAC binds to the AUG sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon AUG binds to the UAC sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to rRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon AUG binds to the UAC sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
  • Methionine-tRNA's anticodon UAC binds to the AUG sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via aminoacyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles

Frage 22

Frage
Convention is that polypeptides start with a C terminus and end with an N terminus.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 23

Frage
Polysomes are advantageous because they mean mRNA, which is very unstable, can be translated into many proteins despite having a short life span.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 24

Frage
What are the three generic types of DNA mutations?
Antworten
  • Insertion
  • Substitution
  • Deletion
  • Rearrangement
  • Reorderment

Frage 25

Frage
What is meant by a silent mutation?
Antworten
  • The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
  • A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
  • A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.

Frage 26

Frage
What is meant by a missense mutation?
Antworten
  • The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
  • A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
  • A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.

Frage 27

Frage
What is meant by a nonsense mutation?
Antworten
  • The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
  • A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
  • A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.

Frage 28

Frage
Deletion or insertion of 1,2,4 or 5 bases could cause a frameshift
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 29

Frage
A frameshift can completely alter the primary structure of a protein.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 30

Frage
Most intronic mutations are not detrimental to the final protein.
Antworten
  • True
  • False

Frage 31

Frage
A missense mutation can produce a partially working protein.
Antworten
  • True
  • False
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