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The direct object of a sentence answers the 'who' question.
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Reading and re-reading grade level text increases fluency.
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Nominative is a form or construction of similar function or meaning
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A personal pronoun (me, she, he) that is used as an object is an object pronoun. Ex. They see me.
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The verb tense 'perfect' means that something has finished or been perfected.
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Any progressive tense of a verb will likely have the 'ing' ending.
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'Had walked' is an example of which verb tense?
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present progressive
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past perfect
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present perfect
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past progressive
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'Morph' means sound.
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social use of language
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smallest unit of a word that has meaning
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smallest distinguishable unit of sound ('f', 'b', 'k')
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the meaning that words carry
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Which of the following is a voiceless phoneme?
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Which expresses the Threshold Hypothesis by Cummins in 2000?
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anxiety, boredom, and self-doubt impact acquisiton
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input must be comprehensible (and at appropriate grade level) in order to foster acquistion
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subconscious (acquiring the language by being hearing and being immersed in it) and conscious (learning about hte language) awareness of language acquisition
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certain level of knowledge must be attained in first language in order to reap the benefits in second language learning
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Which is not one of Krashen's Hypothesis?
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Acquisition-Learning
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Affective Filter
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Input Hypothesis
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Threshold Hypothesis
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Monitor Hypothesis
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Expressive language describes the unspoken words that have been learned.
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Natural Order Hypothesis states that language is learned in a logical order and teaching/teachers cannot alter the natural way language is learned. For example, learning present tense first.
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Content Academic Language Proficiency takes 7-10 years if there was no first language skills.
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Social Register which is the variety of language based on who we're speaking to is most like code switching.
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BICS is Basic Instructions Before Leaving Earth
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Stephen Krashen created each language acquisition hypothesis except the Monitor Hypothesis.
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Early exit from a bilingual program means 2-5 years
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A transitional bilingual program that exits a student to an all English program after six to seven years is described as an early exit.
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TPR stands for Total Physical Response
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Grammar being taught through whole body actions is an example of Total Physical Response which is an example of Comprehension Approach
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CALLA stands for...
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California Aptitude of Language Learning Association
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Cognitive Academic Loss of Learning Approach
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Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach
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The video clip that featured elementary school children outside measuring their shadows was an example of which approach that involves language development, content area instruction, explicit instructions and learning strategies as primary focus? This approach allows the need for academic language to emerge from the content. It is great for ELLs with social skill, but are struggling with academic language of those who are having trouble transferring concepts from their native language.
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Which of the following describes the reading strategy where a dialogue exists between the teacher and the student? This involves a segment of text where the purpose is to construct the meaning of text (comprehending). The student takes on role as teacher and actively predicting, clarifying, questioning, and summarizing. (This helps us to teach less and help our students learn more.) There were two-three videos that featured African American students discussing concentration camps and foreign students discussing Sensei and POWs.
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Reading for Meaning
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Reciprocal Teaching
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Total Physical Response
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Recently, a lion was killed in Africa. Some reporters pronounce his name as Cee-cil and some can be heard pronouncing as Ceh-cil. This is an example of a difference in...
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The video that demonstrates this concept featured and Af-Am female teacher who listed ideas, yes, and no on the board. She filled in characteristics (rough, coarse, silky, smooth, etc.) and students had to figure out what she was thinking; texture. This allows students to construct meaning of a new word as was demonstrated in the video featuring four young Teachers who began with the reading of a book and students threw out different animals to in the end up figure out the definition of reptiles. What is the concept/approach that uses yes'es and no's? (In another example, a teacher listed candy veggies pizza water and soda and the students had to deduce that she was distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy items.
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TPR
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Concept Attainment
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Reciprocal Teaching
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Acquisition Learning
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Which of the following is not an example of an ESL Instructional Model?
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CALLA
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ESL Pull Out
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ESL Resource Center
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Which of the following describes the CALLA Cycle of Instruction?
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Prepare, Present, Practice, Evaluate, Extend
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Integrate, Collaborate, Reflect
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Prepare, Present, Collaborate, Extend
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Which is not a characteristic of the Constructivist Theory?
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Dewey
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used in Montessori schools
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learner builds new knowledge based on past knowledge
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abstract learning
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Teacher as facilitator, not as content based
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LPAC is a requirement of chapter 89.
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The LPAC is the advocate for the student and is responsible for identifying other programs such as GT or CTE along with the best instructional model for language.
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A campus administrator meaning a principal, vice principal must be on the LPAC as of 2013 as well as a parent of student who is enrolled in the bilingual or ESL program. Meeting notes and documents are confidential.
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LPAC is required to meet within the first 15 school days of the student's enrollment.
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Which is untrue of LPAC?
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Parent has right to deny. District must document the decision, but will still be identified as LEP (in PEIMS) and will take TELPAS and will be monitored for two years.
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Teachers should implement ELPS in the classroom as required with any ELL regardless of parent denial.
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testing decisions are cause to LPAC to meet
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Placement recommendations for ELL
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Parents cannot deny ELL services.
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An LPAC member should be on the ARD committee and must be present any time an ELL will be discussed.
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How is an exited ELL/Bilingual student coded in PEIMS?
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They are no longer LEP, but will be coded as first year or second year monitor. Student does not take TELPAS and does not receive linguistic accomodations for STAAR.
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Students are always coded as LEP and continue to take TELPAS.
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LPAC committee can inform the RTI committee although they are not required there or on the 504 committee.
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Which is not one of the required LPAC meetings?
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Initial LPAC
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Essential LPAC
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Assessment LPAC
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EOY LPAC
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Academic LPAC
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The parent representative on the LPAC can be an employee and the LPAC must meet at least twice during the school year.
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The LPAC must monitor exited students for three years.
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Which court case used the Lau vs. Nicholas precedent in 1974 and determined that the ESL program must be based on sound pedagogical theory, must be staffed by qualified personnel and must be evaluated for effectiveness. This case was the result or a lawsuit against the Raymondville School District.
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Plyer vs. Doe
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Meyer vs. Nebraska
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Roe vs. Wade
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Castaneda vs. Pickard
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The 1923 Case also known as the Siman Act determined that it is lawful to teach foreign language. The Meyer vs. Nebraska case involves all of the following except:
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right to direct what your students will learn in school
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students must be taught in English only
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Teacher was arrested for teaching German out of the Bible
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Fourteenth Amendment
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World War II
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Lau vs. Nichols involved all except:
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Which is true of the cloze procedure?
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It's an informal way to assess comprehension skills.
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It involves removing about every fifth word in a passage and requiring students to fill in the blank.
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If the student's verb tense is incorrect, the word is considered correct.
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This technique is most often used with intermediate level students.
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Technology can be used to create and utilize this technique.
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Which of the following characteristics describes a student at an advanced level?
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Student uses gestures to show understanding and knows more than can produce. Teacher uses TPR as an instructional strategy, and student often copy notes and students can be heard reading aloud as a class (choral reading).
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A Teacher might write words on the board as they are spoken and ask students things like, "Is this a ... or a ...?" Teacher does not overtly call attention to grammatical errors and students demonstrates an emerging awareness of English grammar.
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The student may overgeneralize or make errors in grammar and meaning, but also uses an expanded vocabulary. Teacher may ask student to describe or talk about... Think/pair/share is often used as well.
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Student understands routine directions, teacher asks questions that can be asked with yes or no responses, and journal responses are a mix of images and text
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Strong supporter of the Functional Approach. COGNITIVISM
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Jean Piaget
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Stephen Krashen
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Roy Castaneda
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Acquisition of a second language can only be promoted in one way - comprehensible input. Messages must be prsented or encoded in a way that the message is easily understood (pictures, visuals, gestures and facial expressions work to make language more easily understood).
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Monitor Hypothesis
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Input Hypothesis
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Threshold Hypothesis
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Acquisition Learning
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Students new to the English language should not be forced to communicate. Students should be allowed to build up linguistic competence by active listening via the comprehensive input (they need confidence). The language should emerge naturally
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Natural Hypothesis
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Silent Stage/Period
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Speech variety understood by all speakers; educated speech; language of the group in power.
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Majority
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Standard Dialect
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Internalize grammatical structures in a predictable order. Errors are signs of develpmental processes
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Natural Order Hypothesis
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Silent Period/Stage
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Integration with the dominant group, meeting new people and new cultures.
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Listening, Reading, Speaking, Writing
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Comes naturally via learning (formal setting) by explicit presentation of rules and grammar, classroom instruction, concious process. And via acquisition (informal setting) subconscious process, similar to the way children acquire their native language. (If info is meaningful, it will be internalized. If it doesn't make sense, it can not be internalized).
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Learning Hypothesis
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Language Acquisition
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Mini-lessons are short lessons which focus on a single skill. This is a good way for the teacher to model writing strategies. Teachers can write along with the students on the same topics or choose a model which will effectively communicate the strategy being targeted.