34377070
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Quiz von ACAPUN INSTITUTE, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von ACAPUN INSTITUTE
vor mehr als 2 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
For treating most oral infections, penicillin V is preferred to penicillin G because penicillin V
Antworten
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a. Is less allergenic
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b. Is less sensitive to acid degradation
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c. Has a greater gram-negative spectrum
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d. Has a longer duration of action
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e. Is bactericidal, whereas penicillin G is not
Frage 2
Frage
The sole therapeutic advantage of penicillin V over penicillin G is
Antworten
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a. Greater resistance to penicillinase
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b. Broader antibacterial spectrum
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c. More reliable oral absorption
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d. Slower renal excretion
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e. None of the above
Frage 3
Frage
Which of the following penicillins is administered ONLY by deep intramuscular injection?
Antworten
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Dicloxacillin sodium
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c. Penicillin G procaine
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d. Penicillin V potassium
Frage 4
Frage
The principal difference among potassium, procaine and benzathine salts of penicillin G is their
Antworten
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a. Potency
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b. Toxicity
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c. Duration of action
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d. Antibacterial spectrum
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e. Diffusion into the cerebrospinal fluid
Frage 5
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics is cross-allergenic with penicillin and should NOT be administered to the penicillin-sensitive patient?
Antworten
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Clindamycin
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d. Lincomycin
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e. Tetracycline
Frage 6
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics may be cross-allergenic with penicillin?
Antworten
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a. Neomycin
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b. Cephalexin
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c. Clindamycin
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d. Erythromycin
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e. All of the above
Frage 7
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics shows an incidence of approximately 8% cross-allergenicity with penicillins?
Antworten
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a. neomycin
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b. cephalexin
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c. bacitracin
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d. vancomycin
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e. tetracycline
Frage 8
Frage
Which of the following groups of antibiotics is related both structurally and by mode of action to the penicillins?
Antworten
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a. Polymyxins
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b. Cycloserines
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c. Cephalosporins
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d. Chloramphenicols
Frage 9
Frage
For the dentist, the most reliable method of detecting a patient’s allergy to penicillin is by
Antworten
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a. Injecting penicillin intradermally
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b. Taking a thorough medical history
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c. Placing a drop of penicillin on the eye
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d. Having the patient inhale a penicillin aerosol
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e. Injecting a small amount of penicillin intravenously
Frage 10
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics is the substitute of choice for penicillin in the penicillin-sensitive patient?
Antworten
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a. Bacitracin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Chloramphenicol
Frage 11
Frage
Most anaphylactic reactions to penicillin occur
a. When the drug is administered orally
b. In patients who have already experienced an allergic reaction to the drug
c. In patients with a negative skin test to penicillin allergy
d. When the drug is administered parenterally
e. Within minutes after drug administration
Antworten
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a) (a), (b) and (d)
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b) (b), (c) and (d)
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c) (b), (d) and (e)
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c) (b) and (e) only
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d) (c), (d) and (e)
Frage 12
Frage
Which of the following penicillins has a broader gram-negative spectrum than penicillin G?
Antworten
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a. Nafcillin
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b. Ampicillin
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c. Cephalexin
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d. Methicillin
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e. Penicillin V
Frage 13
Frage
Which of the following penicillins has the best gram-negative spectrum?
Antworten
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a. Nafcillin
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b. Ampicillin
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c. Methicillin
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d. Penicillin V
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e. Phenethicillin
Frage 14
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics should be considered the drug of choice in the treatment of infection caused by a penicillinaseproducing staphylococcus?
Antworten
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a. Neomycin
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b. Ampicillin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Penicillin V
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e. Dicloxacillin
Frage 15
Frage
Oral infections caused by organisms that produce penicillinase should be treated with
Antworten
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Dicloxacillin
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c. Erythromycin
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d. Any of the above
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e. Only (a) or (c) above
Frage 16
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics is LEAST effective against penicillinase-producing microorganisms?
Antworten
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Cephalexin
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c. Methicillin
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d. Clindamycin
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e. Erythromycin
Frage 17
Frage
Which of the following is a bactericidal antibiotic used specifically in the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas species and indole-positive Proteus species?
Antworten
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a. Ampicillin
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b. Penicillin V
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Dicloxacillin
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e. Carbenicillin
Frage 18
Frage
Penicillin’s effectiveness against rapidly growing cells is primarily due to its effect on
Antworten
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a. Protein synthesis
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b. Cell wall synthesis
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c. Nucleic acid synthesis
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d. Chelation of metal ions
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e. Cell membrane permeability
Frage 19
Frage
Chlortetracycline acts by interfering with
Antworten
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a. Cell wall synthesis
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b. Nuclear acid synthesis
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c. Protein synthesis on bacterial but not mammalian ribosomes
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d. Protein synthesis on mammalian but not bacterial ribosomes
Frage 20
Frage
The probable mechanism of the bacteriostatic action of sulfonamides involves
Antworten
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a. Disruption of the cell membrane
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b. Coagulation of intracellular proteins
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c. Reduction in oxygen utilization by the cells
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d. Inhibition of metabolism by binding acetyl groups
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e. Competition with para-aminobenzoic acid in folic acid synthesis
Frage 21
Frage
The sulfonamides act by
Antworten
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a. Suppressing bacterial protein synthesis
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b. Inhibiting the formation of the cytoplasmic bacterial membrane
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c. Inducing the formation of "lethal" bacterial proteins
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d. Inducing a deficiency of folic acid by competition with paraaminobenzoic acid
Frage 22
Frage
Which antibiotic is able to achieve a higher concentration in bone than in serum?
Antworten
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a. penicillin
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b. erythromycin
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c. clindamycin
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d. metronidazole
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e. amoxicillin
Frage 23
Frage
Tetracycline reduces the effectiveness of concomitantly administered penicillin by
Antworten
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a. Reducing absorption of penicillin
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b. Increasing metabolism of penicillin
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c. Increasing renal excretion of penicillin
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d. Increasing binding of penicillin to serum proteins
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e. None of the above
Frage 24
Frage
The action of which of the following drugs will most likely be impaired by concurrent administration of tetracycline?
Antworten
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a. Clarithromycin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Sulfonamide
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d. Penicillin
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e. Lincomycin
Frage 25
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics is most likely to cause liver damage?
Antworten
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a. Streptomycin
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b. Penicillin G
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Cephalosporins
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e. Amphotericin B
Frage 26
Frage
Which of the following erythromycins associated with an allergic cholestatic hepatitis?
Antworten
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a. Erythromycin base
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b. Erythromycin stearate
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c. Erythromycin estolate
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d. Erythromycin succinate
Frage 27
Frage
Which of the following antibiotics is LEAST likely to cause superinfection?
Antworten
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a. Gentamicin
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b. Tetracycline
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c. Penicillin G
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d. Streptomycin
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e. Chloramphenicol
Frage 28
Frage
Gastrointestinal upset and pseudomembranous colitis has been prominently associated with
Antworten
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a. Nystatin
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b. Cephalexin
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c. Clindamycin
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d. Polymyxin B
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e. Erythromycin
Frage 29
Frage
Symptoms that may be characterized as allergic manifestations during penicillin therapy are
Antworten
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a. Deafness, dizziness and acute anemia
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b. Crystalluria, nausea, vomiting and anaphylactic shock
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c. Oliguria, hematuria, bronchoconstriction and cardiovascular collapse
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d. Dermatitis, stomatitis, bronchoconstriction and cardiovascular collapse
Frage 30
Frage
Aplastic anemia is a serious toxic effect that occurs particularly after a course of treatment with which of the following antibiotics?
Antworten
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a. Penicillin
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b. Lincomycin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Streptomycin
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e. Chloramphenicol
Frage 31
Frage
Each of the following is a side effect of prolonged tetracycline hydrochloride therapy EXCEPT:
Antworten
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a. Suprainfection
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b. Photosensitivity
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d. Discoloration of newly forming teeth
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e. Gastrointestinal symptoms (when administered orally)
Frage 32
Frage
Colitis that results following clindamycin therapy is caused by an overgrowth of
Antworten
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a. C. dificile
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b. Staph aureus
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c. Pseudomonas
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d. Candida albicans
Frage 33
Frage
Which antibiotic is appropriate for premedication in the penicillin allergic patient?
Antworten
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a. Cephalexin
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b. Clindamycin
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c. Erythromycin
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d. Amoxicillin
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e. Ampiciilin
Frage 34
Frage
Acyclovir is useful for treating
Antworten
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a. Candidiasis
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b. Colitis
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c. Herpes simplex
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d. HIV
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e. ANUG
Frage 35
Frage
A distinct advantage that tetracyclines have over penicillins is that tetracyclines
Antworten
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a. Have no side effects
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b. Do not cause superinfections
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c. Are safer to use during pregnancy
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d. Have a wider range of antibacterial activity
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e. Produce higher blood levels faster after oral administration
Frage 36
Frage
Which of the following has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum?
Antworten
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a. Vancomycin (Vancocin )
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b. Clindamycin (Cleocin )
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c. Erythromycin (Erythrocin )
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d. Chlortetracycline (Aureomycin )
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e. A third generation cephalosporin
Frage 37
Frage
Sulfonamides and trimethoprim are synergistic bacteriostatic agents because in bacteria they
Antworten
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a. Both inhibit folic acid synthesis
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b. Interfere sequentially with folinic acid production
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c. Are both antimetabolites of para-aminobenzoic
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d. Are both inhibitors of dihydrofolic acid reductase
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e. Are both transformed in vivo into a single active compound
Frage 38
Frage
Which of the following substances is the most effective agent against fungus infections of the mucous membrane?
Antworten
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a. Nystatin ointment
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b. Undecylenic acid
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c. Polymyxin ointment
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d. Saturated magnesium sulfate
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e. 10 per cent aluminum chloride solution
Frage 39
Frage
The most desirable property of an antibiotic when used to treat an odontogenic infection is
Antworten
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a. Rapid absorption
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b. Little allergenicity
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c. Ability to achieve and maintain adequate concentrations at the site of infection
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d. Lack of significant binding to plasma proteins
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e. No effects on drug metabolism
Frage 40
Frage
Nystatin is of greatest clinical usefulness in treating
Antworten
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a. viral infections
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b. fungal infections
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c. spirochetal infections
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d. Bacterroides infections
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e. penicillin resistant gram positive infections
Frage 41
Frage
Which of the following drugs chelates with calcium?
Antworten
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a. Erythromycin
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b. Polymyxin B
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Penicillin G
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e. Chloramphenicol
Frage 42
Frage
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of tetracycline antibiotics?
Antworten
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a. Absorption is impaired when taken with antacids
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b. They predispose to monilial superinfection
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c. They form a stable complex with the developing tooth matrix
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d. They have a low tendency for sensitization, but a high therapeutic index
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e. They are effective substitutes for penicillin prophylaxis against infective endocarditis
Frage 43
Frage
The concurrent administration of penicillin G and probenecid results in
Antworten
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a. Increased metabolism of penicillin G.
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b. Increased renal excretion of probenecid
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c. Decreased renal excretion of penicillin G
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d. Decreased bactericidal effect of penicillin G
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e. Increased excretion of probenecid in the feces
Frage 44
Frage
Interaction between penicillin and probenicid is best described by which of the following mechanisms?
Antworten
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a. competition at the receptor site
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b. acceleration of drug biotransformation
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c. alteration in the acid-base balance
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d. alteration in the rate of renal clearance
Frage 45
Frage
When broad-spectrum antibiotics are administered with coumarin anticoagulants, the anticoagulant action may be
Antworten
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a. Reduced because of enhanced hepatic drug metabolism
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b. Reduced because of increased protein-binding
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c. Increased because of reduction of vitamin K sources
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d. Increased because of decreased renal excretion of the anticoagulant
Frage 46
Frage
The therapeutic effectiveness of which of the following drugs will be most affected by concomitant ingestion of antacids?
Antworten
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a. Cephalexin
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b. Erythromycin
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c. Tetracycline
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d. Sulfisoxazole
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e. Penicillin V
Frage 47
Frage
Erythromycin should be avoided in the patient taking
Antworten
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a. Aspirin
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b. Seldane
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c. Benadryl
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d. Ibuprofen
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e. Propranolol
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