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________ in the RBV are defined as the tangible and intangible assets that a firm controls that it can use to conceive and implement its strategies.
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Management controls
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Capabilities
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Resources
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Compensation policies
Frage 2
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________ are a subset of a firm's resources and are defined as tangible and intangible assets that enable a firm to take full advantage of other resources it controls.
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Retained earnings
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Capabilities
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Human resources
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Financial resources
Frage 3
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A firm's marketing skills and teamwork as well as its cooperation among managers are examples of
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financial resources.
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human resources.
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physical resources.
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capabilities.
Frage 4
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The training, experience, judgment, intelligence, relationships and insight of individual managers and workers in a firm are examples of
Frage 5
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Computer hardware and software technology, robots used in manufacturing and automated warehouses are examples of which type of resources?
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financial resources.
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physical resources
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human resources
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organizational resources
Frage 6
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A firm's formal reporting structure, its formal and informal planning and its controlling and coordinating systems are examples of which type of resources?
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financial resources
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physical resources
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human resources
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organizational resources
Frage 7
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The VRIO assumption that some of the resource and capability differences among firms may be long lasting because it may be very costly for firms without certain resources and capabilities to develop or acquire them is known as
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resource mobility.
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resource homogeneity.
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resource immobility.
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resource heterogeneity.
Frage 8
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________ implies that for a given business activity, some firms may be more skilled in accomplishing this activity than other firms.
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Resource mobility
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Resource homogeneity
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Resource immobility
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Resource heterogeneity
Frage 9
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The theoretical roots of the resource-based view can be traced to research done by
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David Ricardo.
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Adam Smith.
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Oliver Williamson.
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Joseph Schumpeter.
Frage 10
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Inputs whose quantity of supply is fixed and does not respond to price increases are said to be
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elastic in supply.
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inelastic in supply.
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elastic in demand.
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perfectly competitive.
Frage 11
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To the extent that a firm's resources and capabilities enhance a firm's competitive position by enabling a firm to exploit its opportunities or neutralize its threats, these resources and capabilities are valuable and are known as
Frage 12
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The set of business activities in which a firm engages to develop, produce, and market its products or services is known as its
Frage 13
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If in the process of maximizing its performance, a firm engages in activities that pollute the environment, the impact of that pollution is a(n)
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capability.
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externality.
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competitive advantage.
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weakness.
Frage 14
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ESPN's development of an extensive offering of X-Games coverage that is unmatched by any other sports outlet is an example of which element of the VRIO framework?
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organization
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imitability
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competitive parity
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rarity
Frage 15
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Most firms have a resource base that is composed primarily of resources and capabilities that are
Frage 16
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Which of the following is not one of the six distinct activities in McKinsey and Company's value chain model?
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technology development
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product design
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manufacturing
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inbound logistics
Frage 17
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In general, as long as the number of firms that possess a particular valuable resource or capability is less than the number of firms needed to generate perfect competition dynamics in an industry, that resource or capability can be considered ________ and a potential source of competitive advantage.
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valuable
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rare
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inimitable
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un-substitutable
Frage 18
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If firms that do not possess valuable and rare resources or capabilities face a cost disadvantage in obtaining these resources or capabilities compared to the firms that already possess them, these resources and capabilities are termed
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rare.
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valuable.
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imperfectly imitable.
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perfectly imitable.
Frage 19
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Firms that possess and exploit costly-to-imitate, rare and valuable resources in choosing and implementing their strategies may enjoy a period of
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temporary competitive advantage.
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competitive disadvantage.
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competitive parity.
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sustained competitive advantage.
Frage 20
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If a firm's resources and capabilities are costly to imitate because imitating firms may not understand the relationship between the resources and capabilities controlled by a firm and that firm's competitive advantage, this competitive advantage is said to be protected from imitation by
Frage 21
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Resources and capabilities, such as interpersonal relations among managers and a firm's culture, that may be costly to imitate because they are beyond the ability of firms to systematically manage and influence are referred to as
Frage 22
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According to the research in strategic human resources management,
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firms that are able to use human resource practices to develop socially complex human and organizational resources are able to gain competitive advantage over firms that do not engage in these practices.
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firms that are able to use human resource practices to develop socially simplistic human and organizational resources are able to gain competitive advantage over firms that do not engage in these practices.
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firms that are able to use human resource practices to develop socially complex human and organizational resources gain little advantage over firms that do not engage in these practices.
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firms that are able to use human resource practices to develop socially complex human and organizational resources are at a competitive disadvantage when compared to firms that do not engage in these practices.
Frage 23
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Which of the following statements regarding patents is accurate?
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Patents always increase the costs of imitation.
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Patents may decrease, rather than increase, the costs of imitation.
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Patents always decrease the costs of imitation.
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Patents have no impact on the costs of imitation.
Frage 24
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The range of formal and informal mechanisms to ensure that managers are behaving in ways consistent with a firm's strategies are referred to as
Frage 25
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Which of the following is an example of formal management controls?
Frage 26
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Southwest Airlines' strong internal culture that helps ensure that employees act in ways consistent with the company's strategy is an example of a(n)
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informal management control.
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formal management control.
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compensation policy.
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formal reporting structure.
Frage 27
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Resources that are valuable but not rare can be categorized as
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organizational weaknesses.
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distinctive competencies.
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organizational strengths.
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complementary resources and capabilities.
Frage 28
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Resources that generate a temporary competitive advantage are
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valuable, rare and costly to imitate.
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valuable but neither rare nor costly to imitate.
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valuable and either rare or costly to imitate.
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valuable and rare but not costly to imitate.
Frage 29
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If a resource or capability is valuable and rare but not costly to imitate, exploiting this resource will generate a(n)
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sustained competitive advantage.
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perfectly competitive environment.
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temporary competitive advantage.
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environment characterized by competitive parity.
Frage 30
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Resources and capabilities that are valuable, rare, and costly to imitate are best described as
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distinctive competencies.
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entry barriers.
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complementary resources and capabilities.
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sustainable distinctive competencies.
Frage 31
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If Delta Airlines were to significantly change its fare structure and flight schedule to enhance its competitive position in response to aggressive price cutting by Southwest Airlines, this would be an example of
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explicit collusion.
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tacit collusion.
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competitive dynamics.
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a harvest strategy.
Frage 32
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Any actions a firm takes that have the effect of reducing the level of rivalry in an industry that also do not require firms in an industry to directly communicate or negotiate with each other can be thought of as
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tacit cooperation.
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tacit collusion.
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explicit collusion.
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competitive parity.
Frage 33
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When tacit cooperation has the effect of reducing supply and increasing prices, it is known as
Frage 34
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Tacit cooperation is only a viable strategy when
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an industry is perfectly competitive.
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an industry is heterogeneous with respect to the products it sells and their cost structure.
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there is a strong market share leader in the industry.
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there are low entry barriers in the industry.
Frage 35
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The specific actions a firm takes to implement its strategies are known as
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competitive advantages.
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objectives.
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goals.
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tactics.
Frage 36
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Which of the following statements regarding the resource-based view is accurate?
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Competitively valuable resources and capabilities are controlled only by a firm's general managers.
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Only lower level employees need to accept the responsibility of creating, nurturing and exploiting resources and capabilities that can generate competitive advantages for a firm.
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Employees should define their jobs in functional terms instead of in competitive and economic terms.
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Competitive advantage is too important to remain the sole property of senior management.
Frage 37
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Which of the following statements regarding competitive parity and competitive advantage is accurate?
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Some firms develop valuable, rare, and costly-to-imitate resources and capabilities in being efficient second movers, that is, in rapidly imitating and improving on the product and technological innovations of other firms.
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Firms that benchmark their performance against the performance of successful competitors can expect to develop at least a temporary competitive advantage.
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Firms must be first movers to gain competitive advantages.
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Even if all a firm does is create value in the same way as its competitors, the firm can expect to earn at least a temporary competitive advantage.
Frage 38
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If there is a conflict between the resources a firm controls and that firm's organization, ________ should be changed.
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the resources
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both
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nothing
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the organization
Frage 39
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A process is said to be ________ when events early in the evolution of a process have significant effects on subsequent events.
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causally ambiguous
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path dependent
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socially complex
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path independent
Frage 40
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LaserTech's new technology appears to be
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valuable and rare but not costly to imitate.
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valuable and either rare or costly to imitate.
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valuable but neither rare nor costly to imitate.
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valuable, rare and costly to imitate.
Frage 41
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If one of LaserTech's rivals were to decide to divest its industrial laser manufacturing business in response to LaserTech's new technology, this would be an example of
Frage 42
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If LaserTech's new technological development were due to proprietary investments the company made when it was first founded twenty years ago, this would be an example of
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social complexity.
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tacit collusion.
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path dependence.
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causal ambiguity.
Frage 43
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LaserTech's new technology is an example of
Frage 44
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The inability of rivals to develop or acquire technology similar to that of LaserTech is an illustration of
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resource immobility.
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resource heterogeneity.
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causal ambiguity.
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path dependence.
Frage 45
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Bates' culture is an example of a(n)
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informal management control.
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formal management control.
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compensation policy.
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formal reporting structure.
Frage 46
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The budgeting and reporting activities that Bates uses are examples of
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informal management controls.
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formal reporting structures.
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formal management controls.
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primary value chain activities.
Frage 47
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The reward system Bates uses to encourage employees to find ways to reduce costs is an example of a(n)
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sustained distinctive competence.
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informal management control.
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formal reporting structure.
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compensation policy.
Frage 48
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The fact that it would be would be difficult and costly for firms to match Bates' capabilities in the tool industry indicates that these capabilities are
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imperfectly imitable.
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causally ambiguous.
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substitutable.
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perfectly imitable.
Frage 49
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It would be costly for competitors to duplicate Bates due to
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path dependence and causal ambiguity.
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causal ambiguity and unique historical conditions.
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path dependence and unique historical conditions.
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causal ambiguity and patents.