Psycology

Frage	Antworten
sociocultural	social and cultural influence on human behaviour the effect of society and culture on behavior
experimental method	Advantage: reveal cause-effect relationships Control over experimental setting Disadvantages: less generalizable findings unless using field studies ETHICAL limitations of experiments
experimenter Bias	experimenter Bias: preconceived expectations cause them to find what tehy expect to find.
Placebo Effect:	placebo effect =improvement from power of suggestion Placebo= Sugar Pills or injection of saline solution use control group to test wheter results due to treatment or place effect.
Problems experimental	selection Placebo *Experimental
Experimental method advantage:	†*************** only research metjod to identify cause-effect relationships test hypothesis (educated guess) cause-effect relationship between two or more variables
correlation does not equal cause	stress could lead to illness
correlation does not prove causation	A correlation between two variables does not prove that a cause-effect relationship exist between them. there is a correlation between stress and illness, but that does not mean that stress necessarily causes illness, such as poverty or poor general health.
Correlation and prediction	Stronger relationship, better prediction correlation does not equal cause must use experimental method to conclude cause and effect ethical issue in research
Correlation coefficient	numerical value degree and prediction relationship between two variables +1.00 perfect positive correlation -1.00 perfect negative correlation
correlation method	used to determine degree of relationship (correlation) between two characteristics, events, or behaviours useful making prediction cannot determine cause
Survey research	†************"" Interview Interview's personal characteristics can influence responses internet there may not be bias issue
************ survey research	********* survey: representative sample instead of whole population Sample: part of population used representative sample Questionnaire quick and inexpensive
Naturalistic observation	Advantage study behaviour in nornal setting... reliable Disadvantage must wait for events to occur ****** observer bias can distort observation
*********** Natural observation	observe behaviour in natural setting record behaviour in natural setting no attempt to influence or control behaviour
descriptive research methods method	natural observation laboratory observation casr study method survey research correlation studies
applied research	example of research topics methods of improve memory or motivation therapies for mental disorder way to decrease stress
psychology	scientific study odlf behaviour scienfic study experiment a science since it uses it scientific method
applied research	goals applying research to life solving practical problem improving quality of life
basic research	nature of memory brain function motivation emotional expression cause of mental disorders exploring the subject matter
Basic research	seek new knowledge explore topics of understanding advances scientific understanding
*********** what is a theory?	Theory= a generL principle organi facts systematically Guides science research
******* Influence	Apply* principle to prevent unwanted occurrences Change condition to prevent unwanted occurrences bring about deaired outcomes* *solution o outcome results
prediction	can specify conditions under which behaviour or event like to occur **whem Next??? understand likely wood of occurrence Predict
exploration	required understanding of condition understand causes of behavior understand causes of mental process *why*
description	make note about behaviour or situation observe observation=data Importance in early stage of reseach **what*
Goals of psycology	description explanation prediction influence
Titchener and structuralism	introduced psychology to North America analysed basic elements/ structure of conscious mental experience
************** Introspection method of self-observation seen as not objective	Edward Bradford Titchener

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