12178356
| Frage | Antworten |
| complete dominance | if the heterozygote has the same phenotype as the homozygote, the trait is said to display ________ |
| incomplete dominance | when the heterozygote has a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes, the trait is said to display ________ |
| codominance | the phenotype of the heterozygote includes the phenotypes of both homozygotes |
| incomplete penetrance | the genotype does not always produce the expected phenotype |
| expressivity | the degree to which a trait is expressed |
| compound heterozygote | an individual who carries two different alleles at a locus resulting in a recessive phenotype is referred to as a ________ |
| 2. Why is it impossible to produce true-breeding yellow mice (that is, strains of mice that produce only yellow individuals generation after generation)? | All adult yellow mice are heterozygotes because the allele that determines yellow coat color in mice is a lethal allele. Homozygous YY mice die early in development and do not appear among the progeny. |
| Why are individuals with Type O blood considered to be the "universal donor" and why are individuals with type AB blood considered to be "universal recipients"? | Blood type O produces neither type A nor type B antigen. Type AB blood produces neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies, because neither A nor B antigen is foreign, so they can accept blood from any donor. |
| epistasis | sometimes the effect of gene interaction is that one gene masks (hides) the effect of another gene at a different locus, a phenomenon known as ________. |
| complementation | ________ has taken place if an individual organism possessing two recessive mutations has a wild-type phenotype, indicating that the mutations are nonallelic genes. |
| sex-influenced traits | ________ are determined by autosomal genes and are inherited according to Mendel's principles, but they are expressed differently in males and females. |
| sex-limited traits | ________ are encoded by autosomal genes that are expressed in only one sex; the trait has zero penetrance in the other sex. |
| cytoplasmic inheritance | not all of the genetic material of a cell is found in the nucleus; some characteristics are encoded by genes located in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmically inherited characteristics frequently exhibit extensive phenotypic variation |
| genomic imprinting | the differential expression of genetic material depending on whether it is inherited from a male or female parent |
| pleiotropy | one gene affects multiple characteristics |
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