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Karteikarten von Georgiabeth98, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Georgiabeth98
vor mehr als 9 Jahre
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| Frage | Antworten |
| Working Memory Model (Baddeley and Hitch- 1974) | Made up of 4 parts; the Central Executive, Visuo-Spacial Sketchpad, Phonological Loop and the Episodic Buffer. |
| What is the Visuo-Spacial Sketchpad? | It is a temporary memory system for storing, analysing and manipulating visual and special information. |
| What is the Phonological Loop made up of? | 1) The Phonological Store 2) Articulatory Process |
| What is the Central Executive? | It allocates information into and control the slave systems. |
| What is the Phonological Store? | (the inner ear) It remembers speech, sounds and can hold spoken words for around 1/2 seconds. |
| What is the Articulatory Process? | (inner voice) Rehearses information from the phonological store. It the decides which of those you are going to use in your short-term memory. |
| Evidence that Supports the Working Memory Model | 1) The word length effect 2) Dual task performance 3) Brain scans 4) Brain damaged patients |
| What is the Word Length Effect? | Baddeley found that participants find it easy to remember words that take less than two seconds to say. The reason for this is because within our phonological store we can only store things for up to two seconds. We forget long words because we cannot fit them into our store. |
| What is Dual task Performance? | Where you get participants to do two tasks at the same time. When the tasks use a different modality people can complete both tasks. But when people are asked to do two tasks at the same time with the same modality people cannot because of the limited capacity. |
| How do Brain Scans Support this Model? | Bunge found that there was more activity in the brain when participants were doing tasks at the same time, rather than one after the other. This supports the role of the central executive. |
| How do Brain Damaged Patients Support this Model? | KF had the motorbike accident, and he had a good LTM but for STM he could deal with visual information but not verbal information. This suggests that only his phonological loop was affected. LH did better on spatial tasks than tasks that involved visual imagery, which suggests that the visual and spatial parts are different. |
| Strengths of the Working-Memory Model? with example | The Central executive the most important part of the model but it is not clear how it works. This means it would be difficult to test. E.g. the central executive has limited capacity but it has never been measured |
| Weakness of the Working-Memory Model, with example | The Central executive is the most important part of the model but it is not clear how it works. This means it would be difficult to test. E.g. the central executive has limited capacity but it has never been measured. |
| Weakness of the Working-Memory Model | It only looks at short term memory, and says nothing about long term memory and does not explain it. Therefore it is a limited account of how our memory works. Most of the evidence to support the working memory model was conducted in a lab experiment and the task was artificial. This means it lacked ecological value. |
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