Karteikarten
Week 1 Study Guide
Karten in diesem Stapel (27)
- 1Groups of people interested in social deviance1. People with career plans that include law or law enforcement
2. Special affinity for the subject of deviance based on personal experience
3. Because the topic is different and exciting
4. People that are interested in how social norms are constructed - 2Sources of Data1. Survey Research
2. Experimental design
3. Historical methods
4. Official statistics
5. Field research - 33 Perspectives of how to define deviance1. Absolutist perspective
2. Relativist perspective
3. Social power perspective - 4Absolutist persepctive-Simple
-What is deviant and what isn't - 5Relativist perspective-In the eye of the beholder rather than in the act itself
-May vary by time and place - 6Social power perspective-The influence that powerful groups and classes have in creating and applying laws
-Unequal power in society - 7DevianceViolations of social norms
- 8Three types of norms1. Folkways
2. mores
3. laws - 9FolkwaysSimple everyday norms based on custom, tradition, or etiquette
example: Standards of dress, demeanor, physical closeness to or distance from others - 10MoresNorms based on broad societal morals whose infraction would generate more serious social condemnation
example: Interracial marriage, illegitimate childbearing, drug addiction - 11LawsStrongest norms, supported by codified social sanctions
example: traffic citations, speeding - 12ABC's of devianceAttitudes
Behaviors
Conditions - 13Ascribed Deviant StatusBased on conditions a person acquires from birth
- 14Achieved deviant statusEarned the deviant label through something they have done
- 15Three categories of S'sThe ways deviance might be perceived and interpreted
-sin
-sick
-selected - 16Negative DevianceUnderconformity or nonconformity that results in negative reactions
- 17Rate BustingOver-conformity that is negatively evaluated
- 18Deviance admirationUnderconformity or nonconformity that is positively appraised by the collectivity
- 19Positive DevianceOverconformity that receives positive reactions
- 20Cultural relativistsCultural relativists urge us to adapt to the changes of our times, which they define as "progress" rather than mere change whose inevitability is not assured.
- 21CrimeCrime as a legal definition of human conduct is created by agents of the dominant class in a politically organized society.
- 22Formulating definitions of crimeDefinitions of crime are composed of behaviors that conflict with the interests of the dominant class.
- 23Applying definitions of crimeDefinitions of crime are applied by the class that has the power to shape the enforcement and admiration of criminal law.
- 24How behavior patterns develop in relation to definitions of crimeBehavior patterns are structured in relation to definitions of crime and within this contest people engage in actions that have relative probabilities of being defined as criminal.
- 25Constructing an ideology of crimeAn ideology of crime is constructed and diffused by the dominant class to secure its hegemony.
- 26Investigation of crimeOne of the most concrete ways by which an ideology of crime is formed and transmitted
- 27Constructing the social reality of crimeThe social reality of crime is constructed by the formulation and application of definitions of crime, the development of behavior patterns in relation to these definitions, and the construction of an ideology of crime.