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Karteikarten von Mark Arsenal, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Mark Arsenal
vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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| Frage | Antworten |
| How do athletes think and respond to stressful situations? | They go through Cognitive Appraisal and Physiological/Attentional Changes. CA involves thoughts about there ability to meet demands and the consequences of not. PC involves there physiological response, whether they have a fight or flight response, narrowing of peripheral vision or muscle tension. |
| Whan an athlete feels threatened or challenged by a situation what processes allows them either to cope or not? | There perceived control and coping potential over being able to overcome or eliminate the threat. |
| Do certain personalities pose a greater risk of injury? | Yes. Type 'A' personality type have increased risk. |
| What personality characteristics have a increased risk of injury? | External locus of control (beleive external factors control there ability to suceed), high trait anxiety, Low/High in sensation seeking, Pessimism, Mood disturbances, Perfectionism, Depression. |
| What personality characteristics have a lower risk of injury? | Internal Locus of Control, Low Trait Anxiety, Hardiness and Optimism, Positive state of mind. |
| How does Sensation Seeking effect risk of Injury? | Those who sensation seek are much more susceptible to injury due to risk taking tendencies. |
| What is Petrie 1993 suggestion in regard to Life Stress, Injury and High Trait Anxiety? | That they are all linked. High Trait Anxiety causes Life Stress which causes Injury which causes High Trait Anxiety etc.. Circular Effect. |
| Do Significant Life Events have an effect on injury risk? | Yes. Athletes who have high life stress are 2 to 5 times more likely to sustain injury. |
| Define Significant Life Events: | 'Environmental circumstances that have an identifiable onset and ending that may carry potential for altering an individuals present state of physical and mental well being' |
| Define Daily Hassles: | 'irritating, frustrating demands, that occur during everyday transactions with the environment' |
| What effect do Daily Life Hassles have on Injury Risk? | Increases injury risk. Injured athletes had significantly more life hassles in the week prior to injury. |
| What did Petrie 1992 find in relation to social support and negative life events with injury in Gymnasts? | Gymnasts with low social support and high negative life events were more vulnerable towards injury. |
| How can we help athletes who are at a high risk of injury? | Modify Cognitive Appraisal: Thinking patterns, realistic expectations, sense of belonging, optimal coach-athlete communication. Modify Physical Response: Relaxation, Attentional Control Training, Stress inoculation training. |
| In Noh, Morris and Andersen 2007 (Dancers) what effect did teaching coping strategies have on injury duration? | The coping strategies helped report shorter injury periods. |
| Should we screen athletes for injury risk? | 2-sided argument. No- Psychological tests can be misused or misinterpreted and it may create self-fulfilling prophecy. Yes- We can target interventions to those who may need it earlier. |
| Define Athletic Injury: | Any injury that results in missed practice or competition or alters participation. |
| How Prevalent are Sports Injuries? | 17mill sports injuries a year, yearly nearly half of all amatuer athletes sustain injuries, sport/exercise is the main cause of injury in the UK |
| How much more injury risk is there in contact sports? | 2.5 times more risk of injury. |
| How much more risk are injuries during competition than in training? | 5 times higher. |
| What causes athletic injury? | Physiological Factors, Anatomical Factors, Environmental Factors, Bad Luck, Psychosocial Factors. |
| What is Stress? | A substantial imbalance between demand and response capacity, under conditions where failure to meet the demand has an important consequences. |
| What is the Model of Stress and Athletic Injury? (Williams and Andersen 1998) |
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