Prokaryote & extra-chromosomal genetics 1

Question	Answer
Most prokaryotes have haploid or diploid cells?	Haploid
What is their cell cycle called?	Binary fission
Prokaryotes non-meiotic processes for shuffling genes:	1)Conjugation 2)Transduction 3)Transformation
Plasmid contains ori sequence what does it do?	oriP recruits host cell enzymes to replicate plasmid DNA
R plasmids?	Carry genes that make it resistant to multiple antibiotics
Example of this?	R plasmid pG01 found in Staphylococcus strains from hospital infections
How are plasmid genes transferred from chromosome to plasmids?	Transposable elements
What are they?	Mobile DNA sequences, jump from one location within DNA molecule to another
Insertion sequences (IS)=	Simplest transposable elements
Example of conjugation plasmid=	E.Coli F plasmid
What produces Pilus on prokaryotes?	Tra - genes on plasmid
Conjugation=	•Plasmid containing cell •Grabs hold of another cell not containing plasmid •Infects it with copy of plasmid =2 cells with same plasmid
Why is pG01 dangerous?	Can transfer antibiotic resistance between populations of Staphylococcus cells
Transposase enzyme=	Can take chunk of DNA with it

Resource summary

	Created by Taher Miah over 6 years ago