HPA - metronidazole

Description

Flashcards on HPA - metronidazole, created by Em J on 10/06/2018.
Em J
Flashcards by Em J, updated more than 1 year ago
Em J
Created by Em J over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
What is it? A nitromidazole antibiotic
Indications Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobic bacterial infections, eg B. fragilis Protozoal infections, eg giardiasis, trichomoniasis
Action Metronidazole and tinidazole are metabolised to active metabolites that are thought to interfere with DNA synthesis.
Therapeutic effects Kills bacteria by interfering with synthesis of its DNA - reducing infection and therefore inflammation
Absorption Absorbed well in the GIT - 70 - 90% bioavailability
Metabolism and excretion Metabolised (>70% ) in the liver and excreted through the kidneys
Distribution Except placenta, metronidazole penetrates well into body tissues and fluids
Half-life 6 -8 hours
Contraindications Contraindicated in individuals hypersensitive to drug or its components (such as parabens) or other nitromidazole derivatives Use cautiously in individuals with history or evidence of blood dyscrasia and in those with severe hepatic disease
Side effects abdominal pain, n + v, diarrhoea, metallic taste, CNS effects: dizziness, headache Alcohol interaction: similar to disulfram can cause nausea vomiting, tachycardia SOB and flushing (avoid taking with alcohol)
Interactions Alcohol - avoid use
Nursing assessment Monitor for adverse affects BP
Education Take metronidazole tablets with food to reduce stomach upset. This medicine may make you feel dizzy or confused; avoid driving if you are affected like this. Avoid alcohol! Stop taking metronidazole and check with your doctor immediately if you have any numbness, tingling, pain or weakness in hands or feet.
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