2585772
Description
Flashcards by Liberty Sims, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Liberty Sims
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Nucleus | contain genetic material that controls the activities of the cell |
| cytoplasm | a gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. it contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions. |
| cell membrane | holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out |
| mitochondria | where actions for respiration take place |
| ribosomes | where proteins are made in the cell |
| cell wall | supports and strengthens the cell |
| permanent vacoule | contains cell sap; sugars and salts |
| choloroplasts | where photosynthesis occurs. (contaisn cholophyll, which absorbs light energy needed for photosynthesis |
| yeast cells | - single celled microorganisms - has a nucleus, cytoplasm & cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall |
| bacterial cells | - single celled micro organisms - has cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall - don't have a nucleus |
| what is a specialised cell? | a specialised cell is a cell that performs a specific function. |
| (examples of specialised cells) sperm and egg cells | -both specialised for reproduction - both carry DNA - egg cell has huge food reserves to feed embryo - sperm cell has streamlined head & tail to help it swim |
| (examples of specialised cells) red blood cells | - adapted to carry oxygen to every cell in the body - biconcave shape which gives them a big surface area for absorbing oxygen - shape also helps them to squeeze through capillaries |
| (examples of specialised cells) palisade leaf cells | - adapted for photosynthesis - grouped together at the top of a leaf where most photosynthesis happens - packed with chloroplasts which absorb the light energy |
| (examples of specialised cells) palisade leaf cells | - tall, w/long sides, which means there's more surface area exposed for absorbing CO2. |
| What is diffusion? | the gradual spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| diffusion cont | - happens in liquids and gases due to particles being able to move around |
| diffusion across cell membranes | only very small molecules can diffuse through cell membranes (e.g oxygen needed for respiration, glucose, amino acids, and water) |
| diffusion across cell membranes | larger molecules such as starch and proteins can't fit through the membranes as they're too big. |
| diffusion cont | diffusion in cell membranes is the same as diffusion with air |
| rate of diffusion | rate of diffusion is affected by difference in concentration of the particles - the bigger the difference in concentration, the faster the diffusion rate |
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