PA WEEK 10: Ethics

Question	Answer
Where do ethics guidelines for psych assessment come from?	Many sources! 1. APS code of ethics, esp section B13 2. ethical guidelines and it's supplementary guide 3. psych registration board: code of behavior 4. APA
What are the 3 key general principles of the APS Code of Ethics?	1. Respect for the rights and dignity of people (legal & moral rights) 2. Propriety (competence) 3. Integrity
What are the 6 key points listed in section B13 on psych assessments?	1. Use scientific procedures 2. explain the purposes and limits of the assessment techniques 3. Choose/administer/interpret tests appropriately and accurately 4. use valid procedures and research to score and interpret tests 5. report results appropriately/ accurately/ in plain language 6. don't compromise tests by misusing or disclosing to unqualified people (copyright)
Test publishers have requirements regarding....?	supply storage use of tests
Why does test information need to be protected?	1. copyright laws 2. to ensure validity of tests (public familiarity with tests invalidates the test) 3. unqualified people may administer tests (eg scientologists)
What are the dangers to the public as a result of inappropriate use of psychological testing?	1. decisions made on the basis of test results can have lifelong implications, cause personal distress for people being tested 2. results can influence whether one get a promotion, or compensation. 3. inadequate/ inappropriate treatment 4. misdiagnosis 5. invalidation of diagnostic tools by public familiarity 6. threats to career, life opportunities and self-esteem from misclassification
The Psychological Practices Act prohibits non-psychs from what?	From using any prescribed tests or techniques to assess people
Unless you're a registered psych or probationary psych you can not....?	1. administer or interpret prescribed tests 2. entitle any test other than a prescribed test as a 'psychological test'
What do the major elements of competency in adminstration and interpretation of tests cover?	1. determining the need to use a test 2. choosing appropriate/ sound test 3. organising/ conducting session 4. accurate scoring, use of norms 5. interpreting results 6. communicating results 6. making decisions based on results 7. monitoring continued effectiveness of tests 8. knowledge of ethical issues of testing
What are the 5 key areas Jenkinson argues that psychologists should have grounding in for competency?	1. social and biological bases of behavior 2. basic psychological processes 3. individual differences in capacity and behavior 4. experimental design, research methods and stats 5. practical work with humans THESE MAKE UP THE SCIENTIST-PRACTITIONER MODEL
What are the basic standards of tests used in psych assessments?	1. it has an adequate manual 2. it is valid for the purpose in which it's being used, or differentially valid for any sub-population its used for (ie. diff norms) 3. Reliable 4. normed reference group for a clearly defined population 5. If tests are applied to a different population, or used informally, or still being developed this must be stated in the report
What is the appropriate use of tests?	1. interpreting results appropriately i.e. not using tests for a different purpose or population that it should be; and not relying solely on test results to draw conclusions - results must be integrated with other data
As a part of your ethical responsibilities to the client, what information is covered to have informed consent?	1. purpose of assessment 2. nature of assessment process 3. who will receive the results and in what form 4. what they can expect after assessment concludes 5. their right to feedback 6. confidentiality extends to protection of their results from those without a need to know 7. this can only occur with written permission of assessee and any 3rd party
What does the client need to understand to give consent?	why they're attending what they'll be asked to do why they're being asked to do this that they have a right not to do this consequences of doing/ not doing assessment who will get the results how the results might be used
When giving feedback to the client, what are your 2 ethical responsibilities?	1. to communicate info in a way they can understand and that is appropriate, even if distressing 2. the client has the right to the results, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations made
What does Pope suggest we be aware of when giving feedback?	that it helps clients make informed choices clients should know the limitations and reservations you may have about the results counter transference that can bias results your biases ask client for their feedback re perceptions and understanding
What are some important aspects of test security?	-don't provide clients with the answers -don't photocopy/ reproduce the test materials -only qualified people can access the test materials -only release scores to people qualified to interpret them (not teachers etc) -store test results securely -ask test company's permission to copy/record test in any way
Can tests be subpoenaed by law?	No, because it breaches copyright law to disclose the tests, but the results can be subpoenaed. Test record forms can be released to a court appointed psych, or written in a way the requester will understand to avoid this breach.
Koocher and Speigal discuss 4 key concepts in tests that relate to ethical dilemmas. What are they?	1. Reliability 2. Validity 3. sources of error 4. standard error of measurement

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	Created by Emily Molyneux about 9 years ago